510 research outputs found
Vacuum phenomenology of the chiral partner of the nucleon in a linear sigma model with vector mesons
We investigate a linear sigma model with global chiral symmetry. The mesonic degrees of freedom are the standard scalar and
pseudoscalar mesons and the vector and axial-vector mesons. The baryonic
degrees of freedom are the nucleon, , and its chiral partner, , which
is usually identified with N(1535). The chiral partner is incorporated in the
so-called mirror assignment, where the nucleon mass is not solely generated by
the chiral condensate but also by a chirally invariant mass term, . The
presence of (axial-) vector fields modifies the expressions for the axial
coupling constants of the nucleon, , and its partner,
. Using experimental data for the decays and
, as well as lattice results for we infer
MeV, i.e., an appreciable amount of the nucleon mass originates
from sources other than the chiral condensate. We test our model by evaluating
the decay and the s-wave nucleon-pion scattering lengths
.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Study of chiral symmetry restoration in linear and nonlinear O(N) models using the auxiliary field method
We consider the O(N) linear {\sigma} model and introduce an auxiliary field
to eliminate the scalar self-interaction. Using a suitable limiting process
this model can be continuously transformed into the nonlinear version of the
O(N) model. We demonstrate that, up to two-loop order in the CJT formalism, the
effective potential of the model with auxiliary field is identical to the one
of the standard O(N) linear {\sigma} model, if the auxiliary field is
eliminated using the stationary values for the corresponding one- and two-point
functions. We numerically compute the chiral condensate and the {\sigma}- and
{\pi}-meson masses at nonzero temperature in the one-loop approximation of the
CJT formalism. The order of the chiral phase transition depends sensitively on
the choice of the renormalization scheme. In the linear version of the model
and for explicitly broken chiral symmetry, it turns from crossover to first
order as the mass of the {\sigma} particle increases. In the nonlinear case,
the order of the phase transition turns out to be of first order. In the region
where the parameter space of the model allows for physical solutions,
Goldstone's theorem is always fulfilled.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, improved versio
Spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry, and eventually of parity, in a -model with two Mexican hats
A sigma-model with two linked Mexican hats is discussed. This scenario could
be realized in low-energy QCD when the ground state and the first excited
(pseudo)scalar mesons are included, and where not only in the subspace of the
ground states, but also in that of the first excited states, a Mexican hat
potential is present. This possibility can change some basic features of a
low-energy hadronic theory of QCD. It is also shown that spontaneous breaking
of parity can occur in the vacuum for some parameter choice of the model.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur
QCD Tests of the Puzzling Scalar Mesons
Motivated by several recent data, we test the QCD spectral sum rules (QSSR)
predictions based on different proposals (\bar qq, \bar q\bar q qq, and
gluonium) for the nature of scalar mesons. In the I=1 and 1/2 channels, the
unusual (wrong) splitting between the a_0(980) and \kappa(900) and the a_0(980)
width can be understood from QSSR within a \bar qq assignement. However, none
of the \bar qq and \bar q\bar q qq results can explain the large \kappa width,
which may suggest that it can result from a strong interference with
non-resonant backgrounds. In the I=0 channel, QSSR and some low-energy theorems
(LET) require the existence of a low mass gluonium \sigma_B(1 GeV) coupled
strongly to Goldstone boson pairs which plays in the U(1)_V channel, a similar
role than the \eta' for the value of the U(1)_A topological charge. The
observed \sigma(600) and f_0(980) mesons result from a maximal mixing between
the gluonium \sigma_B and \bar qq(1 GeV) mesons, a mixing scheme which passes
several experimental tests. OZI violating J/\psi--> \phi\pi^+\pi^-, D_s--> 3\pi
decays and J/\psi--> \gamma S glueball filter processes may indicate that most
of the I=0 mesons above 1 GeV have important gluonium in their wave functions.
We expect that the f_0(1500), f_0(1710) and f_0(1790) have significant gluonium
component in their wave functions, while the f_0(1370) is mostly \bar qq. Tests
of these results can be provided by the measurements of the pure gluonium
\eta'\eta and 4\pi specific U(1)_A decay channels.Comment: Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D (one previous figure corrupted
Two chiral nonet model with massless quarks
We present a detailed study of a linear sigma model containing one chiral
nonet transforming under U(1) as a quark-antiquark composite and another
chiral nonet transforming as a diquark-anti diquark composite (or, equivalently
from a symmetry point of view, as a two meson molecule). The model provides an
intuitive explanation of a current puzzle in low energy QCD: Recent work has
suggested the existence of a lighter than 1 GeV nonet of scalar mesons which
behave like four quark composites. On the other hand, the validity of a
spontaneously broken chiral symmetric description would suggest that these
states be chiral partners of the light pseudoscalar mesons, which are two quark
composites. The model solves the problem by starting with the two chiral nonets
mentioned and allowing them to mix with each other. The input of physical
masses in the SU(3) invariant limit for two scalar octets and an "excited" pion
octet results in a mixing pattern wherein the light scalars have a large four
quark content while the light pseudoscalars have a large two quark content. One
light isosinglet scalar is exceptionally light. In addition, the pion pion
scattering is also studied and the current algebra theorem is verified for
massless pions which contain some four quark admixture.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figure
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