Thermal Conductivity, Thermopower, and Figure of Merit of La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3

We present a study of the thermal conductivity k and the thermopower S of single crystals of La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3 with 0<= x <= 0.3. For all Sr concentrations La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3 has rather low k values, whereas S strongly changes as a function of x. We discuss the influence of the temperature- and the doping-induced spin-state transitions of the Co ions on both, S and k. From S, k, and the electrical resistivity rho we derive the thermoelectric figure of merit Z=S^2/(k*rho). For intermediate Sr concentrations we find notably large values of Z indicating that Co-based materials could be promising candidates for thermoelectric cooling.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures included, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Magnetic excitations in two-leg spin 1/2 ladders: experiment and theory

Magnetic excitations in two-leg S=1/2 ladders are studied both experimentally and theoretically. Experimentally, we report on the reflectivity, the transmission and the optical conductivity sigma(omega) of undoped La_x Ca_14-x Cu_24 O_41 for x=4, 5, and 5.2. Using two different theoretical approaches (Jordan-Wigner fermions and perturbation theory), we calculate the dispersion of the elementary triplets, the optical conductivity and the momentum-resolved spectral density of two-triplet excitations for 0.2 <= J_parallel/J_perpendicular <= 1.2. We discuss phonon-assisted two-triplet absorption, the existence of two-triplet bound states, the two-triplet continuum, and the size of the exchange parameters.Comment: 6 pages, 7 eps figures, submitted to SNS 200

Heat transport in SrCu_2(BO_3)_2 and CuGeO_3

In the low dimensional spin systems $SrCu_2(BO_3)_2$ and $CuGeO_3$ the thermal conductivities along different crystal directions show pronounced double-peak structures and strongly depend on magnetic fields. For $SrCu_2(BO_3)_2$ the experimental data can be described by a purely phononic heat current and resonant scattering of phonons by magnetic excitations. A similar effect seems to be important in $CuGeO_3$, too but, in addition, a magnetic contribution to the heat transport may be present.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; appears in the proceedings of the SCES2001 (Physica B

Separation of Quasiparticle and Phononic Heat Currents in YBCO

Measurements of the transverse (k_{xy}) and longitudinal (k_{xx}) thermal conductivity in high magnetic fields are used to separate the quasiparticle thermal conductivity (k_{xx}^{el}) of the CuO_2-planes from the phononic thermal conductivity in YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}. k_{xx}^{el} is found to display a pronounced maximum below T_c. Our data analysis reveals distinct transport (\tau) and Hall (\tau_H) relaxation times below T_c: Whereas \tau is strongly enhanced, \tau_H follows the same temperature dependence as above T_c

Thermal conductivity of R2CuO4, with R = La, Pr and Gd

We present measurements of the in-plane kappa_ab and out-of-plane kappa_c thermal conductivity of Pr2CuO4 and Gd2CuO4 single crystals. The anisotropy gives strong evidence for a large contribution of magnetic excitations to kappa_ab i.e. for a heat current within the CuO2 planes. However, the absolute values of kappa_mag are lower than previous results on La2CuO4. These differences probably arise from deviations from the nominal oxygen stoichiometry. This has a drastic influence on kappa_mag, which is shown by an investigation of a La2CuO4+delta polycrystal.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure; presented at SCES200

Spin-State Transition and Metal-Insulator Transition in La1−x_{1-x}Eux_xCoO3_3}

We present a study of the structure, the electric resistivity, the magnetic susceptibility, and the thermal expansion of La$_{1-x}$Eu$_x$CoO$_3$. LaCoO$_3$ shows a temperature-induced spin-state transition around 100 K and a metal-insulator transition around 500 K. Partial substitution of La$^{3+}$ by the smaller Eu$^{3+}$ causes chemical pressure and leads to a drastic increase of the spin gap from about 190 K in LaCoO$_3$ to about 2000 K in EuCoO$_3$, so that the spin-state transition is shifted to much higher temperatures. A combined analysis of thermal expansion and susceptibility gives evidence that the spin-state transition has to be attributed to a population of an intermediate-spin state with orbital order for $x<0.5$ and without orbital order for larger $x$. In contrast to the spin-state transition, the metal-insulator transition is shifted only moderately to higher temperatures with increasing Eu content, showing that the metal-insulator transition occurs independently from the spin-state distribution of the Co$^{3+}$ ions. Around the metal-insulator transition the magnetic susceptibility shows a similar increase for all $x$ and approaches a doping-independent value around 1000 K indicating that well above the metal-insulator transition the same spin state is approached for all $x$.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Optical spectroscopy of (La,Ca)14Cu24O41 spin ladders: comparison of experiment and theory

Transmission and reflectivity of La_x Ca_14-x Cu_24 O_41 two-leg spin-1/2 ladders were measured in the mid-infrared regime between 500 and 12000 1/cm. This allows us to determine the optical conductivity sigma_1 directly and with high sensitivity. Here we show data for x=4 and 5 with the electrical field polarized parallel to the rungs (E||a) and to the legs (E||c). Three characteristic peaks are identified as magnetic excitations by comparison with two different theoretical calculations.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to SCES 200