23 research outputs found
UV-visible, infrared and Raman spectroscopic and thermal studies of tungsten doped lead borate glasses and the effect of ionizing gamma irradiation
225-238Ultraviolet-visible, infrared and Raman spectroscopy together with thermal properties were measured for undoped and WOâ â doped (up to 10%) lead borate glasses. Also, the effect of gamma irradiation was followed by UV-visible measurements. The UV-visible spectrum of the undoped glass reveals before irradiation intense ultraviolet bands due to the combined effects of trace iron impurities (FeÂłâș) and PbÂČâș ions which remain unchanged with the addition of WOâ. Infrared and Raman measurements show characteristic bands due to borate group and the possible sharing of lead-oxygen and tungsten-oxygen groups. The studied glasses show obvious resistance to gamma irradiation. The thermal and density data are correlated with the introduction of highly polarizable and heavy (Wâ¶âș) ions and to the change in structural arrangement with varying glass composition
Investigation of phosphate glass doped lanthanum as beta dosimeter.
Phosphate glass samples with different doped lanthanum concentrations were prepared. The samples were subjected to XRD investigation. The given thermoluminescence glow curves of the samples were analyzed and exhibited a superimposed of five glow peaks at 386.7, 422.4, 461.6, 488.8 and 510.3 K. The activation energies of the corresponding electron traps were defined with their frequency factors and their lifetimes. The dosimetric properties of the glass doped lanthanum as beta dosimeters were investigated like dose response linearity, dosimetric sensitivity, reproducibility, minimum detectable dose and signal stability were done as well
Investigations of the kinetic energy parameters of irradiated (La)âdoped phosphate glass
Synthesise and Characterization of Cordierite and Wollastonite GlassâCeramics Derived from Industrial Wastes and Natural Raw Materials
Industrial waste is one of the primary sources that harm the environment, and this topic has occupied many scientists on how to take advantage of these wastes or dispose of them and create a clean environment. By-pass cement dust is considered one of the most dangerous industrial wastes due to its fine granular size and its volatilization in the air, which causes severe environmental damage to human and animal health, and this is the reason for choosing the current research point. In this article, eight samples of glassâceramics were prepared using by-pass cement dust and natural raw materials known as silica sand, magnesite, and kaolin. Then melted by using an electric furnace which was adjusted at a range of temperatures from 1550 to 1600 °C for 2 to 3 h; the samples were cast and were subjected to heat treatment at 1000 °C for 2 h based on the DTA results in order to produce crystalline materials. Various techniques were used to study the synthesized glassâceramic samples, including differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermal expansion coefficient (CTE). X-ray analysis showed that the phases formed through investigated glassâceramic samples consisted mainly of ÎČ- wollastonite, parawollastonite, diopside, anorthite, and cordierite. It was noticed that ÎČ- the wollastonite phase was formed first and then turned into parawollastonite, and also, the anorthite mineral was formed at low temperatures before the formation of the diopside mineral. SEM showed that the formed microstructure turned from a coarse grain texture to a fine-grained texture, by increasing the percentage of cordierite. It also showed that the increase in time at the endothermic temperature significantly affected the crystalline texture by giving a fine-grained crystalline texture. The linear thermal expansion measurements technique used for the studied glassâceramic samples gives thermal expansion coefficients ranging from 6.2161 Ă 10â6 to 2.6181 Ă 10â6 Câ1 (in the range of 20â700 °C), and it decreased by increasing cordierite percent
Use of Arc Furnace Slag and Ceramic Sludge for the Production of Lightweight and Highly Porous Ceramic Materials
The utility of recycling some intensive industriesâ waste materials for producing cellular porous ceramic is the leading aim of this study. To achieve this purpose, ceramic samples were prepared utilizing both arc furnace slag (AFS) and ceramic sludge, without any addition of pure chemicals, at 1100 °C. A series of nine samples was prepared via increasing AFS percentage over sludge percentage by 10 wt.% intervals, reaching 10 wt.% sludge and 90 wt.% AFS contents in the ninth and last batch. The oxide constituents of waste materials were analyzed using XRF. All synthesized samples were investigated using XRD to detect the precipitated minerals. The developed phases were ÎČ-wollastonite, quartz, gehlenite, parawollastonite and fayalite. The formed crystalline phases were changed depending on the CaO/SiO2 ratio in the batch composition. Sample morphology was investigated via scanning electron microscope to identify the porosity of the prepared ceramics. Porosity, density and electrical properties were measured; it was found that all these properties were dependent on the composition of starting materials and formed phases. When increasing CaO and Al2O3 contents, porosity values increased, while increases in MgO and Fe2O3 caused a decrease in porosity and increases in dielectric constant and electric conductivity. Sintering of selected samples at different temperatures caused formation of two polymorphic structures of wollastonite, either ÎČ-wollastonite (unstable) or parawollastonite (stable). ÎČ-wollastonite transformed into parawollastonite at elevated temperatures. When increasing the sintering temperature to 1150 °C, a small amount of fayalite phase (Fe2SiO4) was formed. It was noticed that the dielectric measurements of the selected sintered samples at 1100 °C were lower than those recorded when sintering temperatures were 1050 °C or 1150 °C