TOMO-ETNA experiment at Etna volcano: Activities on land

In the present paper we describe the on-land field operations integrated in the TOMO-ETNA experiment carried out in June-November 2014 at Mt. Etna volcano and surrounding areas. This terrestrial campaign consists in the deployment of 90 short-period portable three-component seismic stations, 17 broadband seismometers and the coordination with 133 permanent seismic station belonging to Italy’s Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). This temporary seismic network recorded active and passive seismic sources. Active seismic sources were generated by an array of air-guns mounted in the Spanish oceanographic vessel “Sarmiento de Gamboa” with a power capacity of up to 5200 cubic inches. In total more than 26,000 shots were fired and more than 450 local and regional earthquakes were recorded. We describe the whole technical procedure followed to guarantee the success of this complex seismic experiment. We started with the description of the location of the potential safety places to deploy the portable network and the products derived from this search (a large document including full characterization of the sites, owners and indication of how to arrive to them). A full technical description of the seismometers and seismic sources is presented. We show how the portable seismic network was deployed, maintained and recovered in different stages. The large international collaboration of this experiment is reflected in the participation of more than 75 researchers, technicians and students from different institutions and countries in the on-land activities. The main objectives of the experiment were achieved with great success.PublishedS04272SR. VULCANI - Servizi e ricerca per la SocietàJCR Journalope

Methodology for evaluating energy-saving technical solutions of impact machines and equipment

Abstract The paper proposes a method of sequential exclusion at the stage of designing feature elements in known and synthesized pneumatic impact mechanisms in order to select preferred constructive solution of machine mechanism for destruction of mountain ranges in preparing the bases for construction of buildings and structures. The method involves a phased analysis of several variants of mechanisms at the same time with exception of the same structural features, elements that have the same effect on the work process and resource mechanisms. Thus, only original compositions remain that characterize distinctive qualities of technical solution of the pneumatic impact mechanism variant corresponding to its intended purpose.</jats:p

Experimental studies of a valveless non spool-type pneumatic percussion mechanism of a hammer

Abstract Performing different kinds of activities, both in mining companies and in construction of industrial, housing and civil facilities requires specialized equipment provided with attached active operating elements, for example, pneumatic hammers. The analysis and selection of a schematic diagram of a pneumatic percussion mechanism are performed using known elements-features and structural additional expanding elements-features. This allowed a development of a new design of a valveless non spool-type pneumatic percussion mechanism of a hammer, for which analytical studies of its operating modes using a mathematical model were conducted. Experimental studies were carried out with an experimental sample of a pneumatic percussion mechanism to specify the reliability of parameters for the proposed mathematical model.</jats:p

The S₁ ← S₀ fluorescence excitation spectrum and structure of propanal in the S₁ excited electronic state

Propanal molecule in the S1 excited electronic state has complex conformational structure.</p