[Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on the growth level of bacteria].

International audienceThe effect of subinhibitory concentrations of 5 antibiotics on the growth rate of 2 bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) has been studied. Chloramphenicol, dibekacin, netilmicin and nalidixic acid have a direct effect on the growth rate. Apparently, aminoglycosides and nalidixic acid have an accompanying effect on the affinity for the energizing substrate. Amoxicillin does not seem to be concerned by this 2 mechanisms. The interest of the estimation of the growth rate by an adaptative algorithm has been pointed out

Etudes de l'interdépendance des marchés immobiliers résidentiels sur le bassin franco-valdo-genevois, rapport final

L'objectif général du projet était d'améliorer la connaissance des mécanismes qui lient les marchés immobiliers résidentiels privés (ventes et location, maisons individuelles et appartements) et fonciers des diverses zones du bassin franco-valdo-genevois, et donc les tendances qui président à la distribution démographique dans la région transfrontalière. la recherche a consisté à rassembler des données sur les marchés immobiliers des régions genevoise, nyonnaise, haut-savoyarde et du Pays de Gex, à construire des indices spatio-temporels de prix immobiliers se prêtant à des analyses comparées des quatre entités géographiques concernées (canton de Genève, district de Nyon, Genevois haut-savoyard, Pays de Gex), à décrire et analyser des évolutions temporelles dans chaque entité géographique, y compris les différences entre sous-zones à l'intérieur de chaque entité et à analyser les interdépendances entre marchés foncier, locatifs et de vente des maisons et appartements. On observe en particulier que le prix du sol varie plus fortement que celui par exemple des appartements, et qu'à Genève, la hausse des loyers ne suit qu'avec retard la reprise des prix des appartements contrairement aux régions frontalières françaises. Le principal enseignement de l'analyse comparée des dynamique propres à chaque entité est la forte hausse des prix dans le Genevois haut-savoyard qui a rattrapé ceux du Pays de Gex, phénomène qui reflète qu'après un report de la pression sur le logement qui a porté essentiellement au début des années 90 sur le Pays de Gex et la région nyonnaise, on assiste depuis cinq ans environ à une accélération du report sur la région du Genevois haut-savoyard

Decomposition of Agriculture Farm Wastes by Cellulolytic Bacteria

The most important component of the greatest material flow in the biosphere is the microbial consumption of cellulose. Despite the abundance of cellulase manufacturers, there aren't enough microorganisms that can effectively create enough of the enzyme to effectively break down cellulose into fermentable compounds. Despite the fact that bacteria have a very high level of natural variety and the potential to manufacture stable enzymes, little attention has been paid to their ability to produce cellulase. The present study aimed at the isolation and selection of cellulose degrading bacteria isolated from different samples for agriculture waste decomposition. Bacterial cultures were applied on agriculture waste material comprising soybean straw, pigeonpea straw; wheat straw and cotton stalk to investigate their percentage loss in weight. Among all the cultures, CDB 19 has shown the highest weight loss of the substrate (99.99%) followed by CDB 20 (99%), CDB5 (94.2%), CDB2 (92.8%) and CDB14 (88.6%). It was also observed that maximum weight loss of cotton straw (99.99%) was recorded by mixed culture followed by Pigeonpea straw and Soybean straw, while Wheat straw recorded minimum weight loss at 60 days of decomposition

Income Distribution and Growth: A Global Model

This paper estimates the effects of a change in the wage share on growth at global level in the G20 countries. A decrease in the wage share in isolation leads to lower growth in the euro area, Germany, France, Italy, the UK, the US, Japan, Turkey, and South Korea, whereas it stimulates growth in Canada, Australia, Argentina, Mexico, China, India, and South Africa. However, a simultaneous decline in the wage share in all these countries leads to a decline in global growth. Furthermore, Canada, Argentina, Mexico, and India also experience negative effects on growth when they decrease their wage share along with their trading partners. The results indicate that the global decline in labour share has had significant negative effects on growth