Urothelial Neoplasms In Patients 20 Years Or Younger: A Clinicopathological Analysis Using The World Health Organization 2004 Bladder Consensus Classification: Editorial Comment

[No abstract available]316599600Epstein, J.I., Amin, M.B., Reuter, V.R., Mostofi, F.K., The World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology consensus classification of urothelial (transitional cell) neoplasms of the urinary bladder (1998) Am J Surg Pathol, 22, pp. 1435-144

Different Types Of Atrophy In The Prostate With And Without Adenocarcinoma

[No abstract available]336863865Billis, A., Magna, L.A., Inflammatory atrophy of the prostate. Prevalence and significance (2003) Arch Pathol Lab Med, 127, pp. 840-844Billis, A., Prostatic atrophy: An autopsy study of a histologic mimic of adenocarcinoma (1998) Mod Pathol, 11, pp. 47-54De Marzo, A.M., Marchi, V.L., Epstein, J.I., Nelson, W.G., Proliferative inflammatory atrophy of the prostate. Implications for prostatic carcinogenesis (1999) Am J Pathol, 155, pp. 1985-1992Anton, R.C., Kattan, M.W., Chakraborty, S., Wheeler, T.M., Postatrophic hyperplasia of the prostate. Lack of association with prostate cancer (1999) Am J Surg Pathol, 23, pp. 932-936Bakshi, N.A., Pandya, S., Schervish, E.W., Wojno, K.J., Morphologic features and clinical significance of post-atrophic hyperplasia in biopsy specimens of prostate (2002) Mod Pathol, 15, pp. 154APostma, R., Schröder, F.H., van der Kwast, T.H., Atrophy in prostate needle biopsy cores and its relationship to prostate cancer incidence in screened men (2005) Urology, 65, pp. 745-749Billis, A., Freitas, L.L., Magna, L.A., Ferreira, U., Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (2007) Int Braz J Urol, 33, pp. 355-363Mikuz, G., Algaba, F., Beltran, A.L., Montironi, R., Prostate carcinoma: Atrophy or not arophy that is the question (2007) Eur Urol, 52, pp. 1293-1296Billis, A., Meirelles, L.R., Magna, L.A., Baracat, J., Prando, A., Ferreira, U., Extent of prostatic atrophy in needle biopsies and serum PSA levels: Is there an association? (2007) Urology, 69, pp. 927-930Billis A: Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (Letter to the Editor) Int Braz J Urol. 200733: 566-

Small Cell Carcinoma Of The Prostate. A Morphologic And Immunohistochemical Study Of 95 Cases

[No abstract available]341107108Mackey, J.R., Au, H.J., Hugh, J., Venner, P., Genitourinary small cell carcinoma: Determination of clinical and therapeutic factors associated with survival (1998) J Urol, 159, pp. 1624-1629Yao, J.L., Madeb, R., Bourne, P., Lei, J., Yang, X., Tickoo, S., Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: An immunohistochemical study (2006) Am J Surg Pathol, 30, pp. 705-712Amato, R.J., Logothetis, C.J., Hallinan, R., Ro, J.Y., Sella, A., Dexeus, F.H., Chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of prostatic origin (1992) J Urol, 147, pp. 935-937Rubenstein, J.H., Katin, M.J., Mangano, M.M., Dauphin, J., Salenius, S.A., Dosoretz, D.E., Small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the prostate: Seven new cases, review of the literature, and discussion of a therapeutic strategy (1997) Am J Clin Oncol, 20, pp. 376-38

Positive-block Ratio In Radical Prostatectomy Specimens Is An Independent Predictor Of Prostate-specific Antigen Recurrence

[No abstract available]333440441Epstein, J.I., Pathologic assessment of the surgical specimen (2001) Urol Clin North Amer, 28, pp. 567-594Bostwick, D.G., Montironi, R., Evaluating radical prostatectomy specimens: Therapeutic and prognostic importance (1997) Virchow Arch, 430, pp. 1-16Cantrell, B.B., DeKlerk, D.P., Eggleston, J.C., Boitnott, J.K., Walsh, P.C., Pathologic factors that influence prognosis in stage A prostatic cancer: The influence of extent versus grade (1981) J Urol, 125, pp. 516-520Humphrey, P.A., Vollmer, R.T., Percentage carcinoma as a measure of prostatic tumor size in radical prostatectomy tissues (1997) Mod Pathol, 10, pp. 326-333Renshaw, A.A., Chang, H., DÁmico, A.V., Estimation of tumor volume in radical prostatectomy specimens in routine clinical practice (1997) Am J Clin Pathol, 107, pp. 704-708Humphrey, P.A., Vollmer, R.T., Intraglandular tumor extent and prognosis in prostatic carcinoma: Application of a grid method to prostatectomy specimens (1990) Hum Pathol, 21, pp. 799-804Carvalhal, G.F., Humphrey, P.A., Thorson, P., Yan, Y., Ramos, C.G., Catalona, W.J., Visual estimate of the percentage of carcinoma is an independent predictor of prostate carcinoma recurrence after radical prostatectomy (2000) Cancer, 89, pp. 1308-1314Billis, A., Magna, L.A., Ferreira, U., Correlation between tumor extent in radical prostatectomies and preoperative PSA, histological grade, surgical margins, and extraprostatic extension: Application of a new practical method for tumor extent evaluation (2003) Int Braz J Urol, 29, pp. 113-119Epstein, J.I., Carmichael, M., Partin, A.W., Walsh, P.C., Is tumor volume an independent predictor of progression following radical prostatectomy? A multivariate analysis of 185 clinical stage B adenocarcinoma of the prostate with 5 years of follo-up (1993) J Urol, 149, pp. 1478-148

The Impact Of Isup 2005 Consensus On Gleason Grading In Contemporary Practice

[No abstract available]342242243Gleason, D.F., Mellinger, G.T., Prediction of prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma by combined histological grading and clinical staging (1974) J Urol, 111, pp. 58-64Gleason, D.F., Histologic grading and clinical staging of prostatic carcinoma (1977) Urologic pathology: The prostate, pp. 171-198. , Tannenbaum M ed, Philadelphia, Lea & FebigerGleason, D.F., Histologic grading of prostate cancer: A perspective (1992) Hum Pathol, 23, pp. 273-279Gleason, D.F., Histologic grading of prostatic carcinoma (1990) Pathology of the prostate, pp. 83-93. , Bostwick DG ed, New York, Churchill LivingstoneEpstein, J.I., Allsbrook Jr, W.C., Amin, M.B., Egevad, L.L., ISUP Grading Committee (2005) The 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consensus Conference on Gleason Grading of Prostatic Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol, 29, pp. 1228-1242Guimaraes MS, Billis A, Quintal MM, Magna LA, Ferreira U: The impact of the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on standard Gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 200619(suppl.1): abstract 139

Why Social Enterprises Are Asking to Be Multi-stakeholder and Deliberative: An Explanation around the Costs of Exclusion.

The study of multi-stakeholdership (and multi-stakeholder social enterprises in particular) is only at the start. Entrepreneurial choices which have emerged spontaneously, as well as the first legal frameworks approved in this direction, lack an adequate theoretical support. The debate itself is underdeveloped, as the existing understanding of organisations and their aims resist an inclusive, public interest view of enterprise. Our contribution aims at enriching the thin theoretical reflections on multi-stakeholdership, in a context where they are already established, i.e. that of social and personal services. The aim is to provide an economic justification on why the governance structure and decision-making praxis of the firm needs to account for multiple stakeholders. In particular with our analysis we want: a) to consider production and the role of firms in the context of the “public interest” which may or may not coincide with the non-profit objective; b) to ground the explanation of firm governance and processes upon the nature of production and the interconnections between demand and supply side; c) to explain that the costs associated with multi-stakeholder governance and deliberation in decision-making can increase internal efficiency and be “productive” since they lower internal costs and utilise resources that otherwise would go astray. The key insight of this work is that, differently from major interpretations, property costs should be compared with a more comprehensive range of costs, such as the social costs that emerge when the supply of social and personal services is insufficient or when the identification of aims and means is not shared amongst stakeholders. Our model highlights that when social costs derived from exclusion are high, even an enterprise with costly decisional processes, such as the multistakeholder, can be the most efficient solution amongst other possible alternatives

Great Expectations: Voluntary Sports Clubs and Their Role in Delivering National Policy for English Sport

“The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com”. Copyright International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University. DOI: 10.1007/s11266-009-9095-yVoluntary sports clubs (VSCs) account for about a quarter of all volunteering in England. The volunteers work in a mutual aid, self-production, self-consumption system whose main purpose is identifying and nurturing high-level performers. But the new HMG/Sport England strategies leading to London 2012 expects volunteers to make a major contribution to sustaining and extending participation. The study utilized six focus group sessions with a total of 36 officials and members of 36 clubs across the six counties of Eastern England to assess whether and to what extent government policy objectives can be delivered through the voluntary sector. The study focused on the perceptions and attitudes of club members about being expected to serve public policy and the current pressures they and their clubs face. The results lead the authors to question the appropriateness, sensitivity, and feasibility of current sport policy, particularly the emphasis on VSCs as policy implementers.Peer reviewe

Re: Inflammatory Atrophy On Prostate Needle Biopsies: Is There Topographic Relationship To Cancer? [6]

[No abstract available]334566568Moore, R.A., The evolution and involution of the prostate gland (1936) Am J Pathol, 12, pp. 599-624Franks, L.M., Atrophy and hyperplasia in the prostate proper (1954) J Pathol Bacteriol, 68, pp. 617-621Liavag, I., Atrophy and regeneration in the pathogenesis of prostatic carcinoma (1968) Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [A], 73, pp. 338-350Cheville, J.C., Bostwick, D.G., Postatrophic hyperplasia of the prostate. A histologic mimic of prostatic adenocarcinoma (1995) Am J Surg Pathol, 19, pp. 1068-1076Billis, A., Prostatic atrophy: An autopsy study of a histologic mimic of adenocarcinoma (1998) Mod Pathol, 11, pp. 47-54Billis, A., Leandro, L.L., Freitas, Luis A Magna, Ubirajara Ferreira: Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (2007) Int Braz J Urol, 33, pp. 355-363Oppenheimer, J.R., Wills, M.L., Epstein, J.I., Partial atrophy in prostate needle cores: Another diagnostic pitfall for the surgical pathologist (1998) Am J Surg Pathol, 22, pp. 440-445Srigley, J.R., Benign mimickers of prostate cancer (2004) Mod Pathol, 17, pp. 328-348Billis, A., Meirelles, L.R., Magna, L.A., Baracat, J., Prando, A., Ferreira, U., Extent of prostatic atrophy in needle biopsies and serum PSA levels: Is there an association? (2007) Urology, 69, pp. 927-930Oesterling, J.E., Lilja, H., Prostate-specific antigen. The value of molecular forms and age-specific reference ranges (1996) Comprehensive textbook of genitourinary oncology, pp. 668-680. , Vogelzang NJ, Scardino PT, Shipley WU, Coffey DS eds, Baltimore, Williams & WilkinsKumar, V., Abbas, A.K., Fausto, N., (2005) Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, pp. 3-46. , 7th ed. Philadelphia, Elsevier Sander

Correlation Between Tumor Extent In Radical Prostatectomies And Preoperative Psa, Histological Grade, Surgical Margins, And Extraprostatic Extension: Application Of A New Practical Method For Tumor Extent Evaluation.

To evaluate a new method designed for estimating the tumor extent in radical prostatectomy specimens. The tumor extent was correlated to preoperative PSA and to several pathologic findings in the surgical specimens as well. Tumor extent was estimated in 118 consecutive radical prostatectomies through a simple point-count method. Drawn on a sheet of paper, each quadrant of the whole mount sections contained 8 equidistant points. During the microscopic slides examination, the tumor area was drawn over the correspondent quadrant of the paper sheet. According to the extent, tumors were classified in 5 groups: 1) very limited: </= 10 positive points; 2) limited: 11-19 positive points; 3) moderately extensive: 20-35 positive points; 4) extensive: 36-39 positive points; 5) very extensive: 70 positive points. This classification was based on a previous analysis of tumor extent in 109 radical prostatectomies. The distribution was quite normal up to 69 positive points, but asymmetric above that number, including cases exceeding far above that value. We considered the quartiles of the normal distribution up to 69 positive points (groups 1 to 4), and above that value a fifth group was considered. There was a statistically significant and direct correlation between the tumor extent and all variables studied: preoperative PSA (p = 0.03), Gleason score (p < 0.0001), primary grade in high-grade tumors (p < 0.01), surgical margins (p < 0.0001), extraprostatic extension (pT3a) (p < 0.0001), and seminal vesicle invasion (pT3b) (p = 0.01). The method, which is simple and well correlated to other prognostic factors, is accessible to those pathologists working in routine pathology laboratories. Whether this method will be used by other urology centers is yet to be seen.29113-9; discussion 12

Re: Perineural Invasion By Transitional Cell Carcinoma Of The Bladder In Patients Submitted To Radical Cystectomy: What Is The Prognostic Value? [2]

[No abstract available]333422Leissner, J., Koeppen, C., Wolf, H.K., Prognostic significance of vascular and perineural invasion in urothelial bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy (2003) J Urol, 169, pp. 955-960Hong, S.K., Kwak, C., Jeon, H.G., Lee, E., Lee, S.E., Do vascular, lymphatic, and perineural invasion have prognostic implications for bladder cancer.after radical cystectomy? (2005) Urology, 65, pp. 697-70