Estudio de los fluídos hidrotermales asociados a las mineralizaciones de fluorita. Sector Cepitá-Pescadero, Macizo de Santander

Los filones de fluorita localizados en las zonas marginales del Plutón de Pescadero (Macizo de Santander) se formaron en un ambiente epitermal, durante un evento hidrotermal que tuvo lugar en una etapa muy tardía con relación a la formación del plutón. Los análisis microtermométricos en inclusiones fluidas han permitido identificar un fluido compuesto principalmente por H2O+NaCl+CaCl2 con temperaturas de homogenización (Th) entre 110 y 130ºC, responsable de la formación de estas mineralizaciones. La presencia de componentes orgánicos, identificados principalmente en las microfracturas de las fluoritas, solo puede ser explicable en un contexto de deformación frágil, en donde la red de microfracturas favoreció el descenso de hidrocarburos, generados en las rocas cretácicas suprayacentes, en una etapa tardía con relación a la formación de las fluoritas.The fluorite veins located in the marginal zones of the Pescadero Pluton (Santander Massif) have been formed in an epithermal environment, during a hydrothermal event occurred in a very late stage with respect to the formation of the pluton. The microthermometric anlyses in fluid inclusions have let to identify a fluid mainly compossed by H2O+NaCl+CaCl2, with homogenization temperatures (Th) between 110 and 130ºC, which is responsible of the formation of these mineralizations. The presence of organic compounds, identified principally along microfractures in the fluorites, only can be explained in a fragile deformation context, where the microfractures net favored the descense of hydrocarbons generated in the overlaying Cretacic rocks, at a late stage with respect to the formation of the fluorites

Asociaciones fenotípicas entre componentes de rendimiento en maíces de clima frío. 2. Estudio sobre regresiones.

Se determinó la manera en que algunos de los componentes del rendimiento afectan la producción total de granos de maíz. El experimento se realizó en el Centro de Investigaciones Tibaitatá y en la Estación Agropecuaria Experimental Surbatá, utilizando como variedades parentales Cundinamarca 365 y Ecuador 466, la F1 de tal cruce y F2 a F6 como generaciones avanzadas. Se efectuaron análisis de regresión parcial entre el rendimiento y los componentes: número de granos/mazorca, peso de granos/mazorca, número de mazorcas/planta. Los resultados mostraron coeficientes de regresión parcial positivos y estadisticamente significativos entre el rendimiento y el peso de los granos en los padres y las generaciones avanzadas, no siendo significativos en los otros dos componentes en la mayoría de los casos. La alta correlación existente entre el rendimiento y el peso de los granos (99 por ciento) parece impedir la manifestación de los otros dos caracteres. Al efectuar el análisis de regresión entre el rendimiento y el número de granos/mazorca y el número de mazorcas/planta, se encontraron regresiones positivas y altamente significativas. Los resultados parecen indicar que los componentes que más contribuyen al rendimiento total en maíz son: peso de granos/mazorca y número de mazorcas/plantaMaíz-Zea may

The Project ENABLE Cornerstone Randomized Controlled Trial: Study Protocol for a Lay Navigator-led, Early Palliative Care Coaching Intervention for African American and Rural-dwelling Advanced Cancer Family Caregivers

Background: Family caregivers play a vital, yet stressful role in managing the healthcare needs and optimizing the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer, from the time they are newly diagnosed until end of life. While early telehealth palliative care has been found to effectively support family caregivers, little work has focused on historically under-resourced populations, particularly African American and rural-dwelling individuals. To address this need, we developed and are currently testing Project ENABLE (Educate, Nurture, Advise, Before Life Ends) Cornerstone, a lay navigator-led, early palliative care coaching intervention for family caregivers of African American and rural-dwelling patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer.Methods: This is a 2-site, single-blind, hybrid type I implementation-effectiveness trial of the Cornerstone intervention versus usual care. Cornerstone is a multicomponent intervention based on Pearlin’s Stress-Health Process Model where African American and/or rural-dwelling family caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer (target sample size = 294 dyads) are paired with a lay navigator coach and receive a series of six, brief 20–60-min telehealth sessions focused on stress management and coping, caregiving skills, getting help, self-care, and preparing for the future/advance care planning. Subsequent to core sessions, caregivers receive monthly follow-up indefinitely until the patient’s death. Caregiver and patient outcomes are collected at baseline and every 12 weeks until the patient’s death (primary outcome: caregiver distress at 24 weeks; secondary outcomes: caregiver: quality of life and burden; patient: distress, quality of life, and healthcare utilization). Implementation costs and the intervention cost effectiveness are also being evaluated.Discussion: Should this intervention demonstrate efficacy, it would yield an implementation-ready model of early palliative care support for under-resourced family caregivers. A key design principle that has centrally informed the Cornerstone intervention is that every caregiving situation is unique and each caregiver faces distinct challenges that cannot be addressed using a one-size-fits all approach. Hence, Cornerstone employs culturally savvy lay navigator coaches who are trained to establish a strong, therapeutic alliance with participants and tailor their coaching to a diverse range of individual circumstances

Availability of Family Caregiver Programs in Us Cancer Centers

IMPORTANCE: Family caregivers provide the majority of health care to the 18 million patients with cancer in the US. Yet despite providing complex medical and nursing care, a large proportion of caregivers report no formal support or training. In recognition of this gap, many interventions to support cancer caregivers have been developed and tested over the past 2 decades. However, there are few system-level data on whether US cancer centers have adopted and implemented these interventions. OBJECTIVE: to describe and characterize the availability of family caregiver support programs in US cancer centers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional national survey study was conducted between September 1, 2021, and April 30, 2023. Participants comprised clinical and administrative staff of Commission on Cancer-accredited US cancer centers. Data analysis was performed in May and June 2023. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Survey questions about the availability of 11 types of family caregiver programs (eg, peer mentoring, education classes, and psychosocial programs) were developed after literature review, assessment of similar program evaluation surveys, and discussions among a 13-member national expert advisory committee. Family caregiver programs were defined as structured, planned, and coordinated groups of activities and procedures aimed at specifically supporting family caregivers as part of usual care. Survey responses were tabulated using standard descriptive statistics, including means, proportions, and frequencies. RESULTS: Of the surveys sent to potential respondents at 971 adult cancer centers, 238 were completed (response rate, 24.5%). After nonresponse weight adjustment, most cancer centers (75.4%) had at least 1 family caregiver program; 24.6% had none. The most common program type was information and referral services (53.6%). Cancer centers with no programs were more likely to have smaller annual outpatient volumes (χ2 = 11.10; P = .011). Few centers had caregiver programs on training in medical and/or nursing tasks (21.7%), caregiver self-care (20.2%), caregiver-specific distress screening (19.3%), peer mentoring (18.9%), and children caregiving for parents (8.3%). Very few programs were developed from published evidence in a journal (8.1%). The top reason why cancer centers selected their programs was community members requesting the program (26.3%); only 12.3% of centers selected their programs based on scientific evidence. Most programs were funded by the cancer center or hospital (58.6%) or by philanthropy (42.4%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this survey study, most cancer centers had family caregiver programs; however, a quarter had none. Furthermore, the scope of programming was limited and rarely evidence based, with few centers offering caregiving education and training. These findings suggest that implementation strategies are critically needed to foster uptake of evidence-based caregiver interventions

Socioeconomic, Psychosocial, and Clinical Factors Associated with Employment in Women with HIV in the United States: A Correlational Study

Employment is a social determinant of health, and women living with HIV (WLWH) are often underemployed. This correlational study examined the socioeconomic, psychosocial, and clinical factors associated with employment among WLWH (n = 1,357) and women at risk for HIV (n = 560). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate factors associated with employment status. Employment was associated (p ≤.05) with better socioeconomic status and quality of life (QOL), less tobacco and substance use, and better physical, psychological, and cognitive health. Among WLWH, employment was associated (p ≤.05) with improved adherence to HIV care visits and HIV RNA viral suppression. Using multivariable regression modeling, differences were found between WLWH and women at risk for HIV. Among WLWH, household income, QOL, education, and time providing childcare remained associated with employment in adjusted multivariable analyses (R2=.272, p <.001). A better understanding of the psychosocial and structural factors affecting employment is needed to reduce occupational disparities among WLWH

Planning guidelines for a model forest in Costa Rica

Tesis (M. Sc) -- CATIE, Turrialba (Costa Rica), 2003Este estudio aporta lineamientos para la planificaci?n de un bosque modelo en la cuenca del r?o Reventaz?n, Costa Rica, considerando los principios del enfoque ecosist?mico de la Convenci?n sobre Diversidad Biol?gica. Como resultados del componente de identificaci?n y selecci?n de actores sociales se obtuvo una propuesta de actores relevantes de la cuenca, as? como opiniones y aportes acerca de la iniciativa, como sus fortalezas y debilidades, posibles estrategias para llevarla a cabo, una propuesta de conformaci?n del grupo coordinador, y la identificaci?n de vac?os en el proceso. The present study has developed planning guidelines for the establishment of a Model Forest in the Reventaz?n River watershed, Costa Rica, in line with the ecosystem approach principles established by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. It is suggested that an educational campaign is developed from the outset to raise consciousness regarding improved management of natural resources and the initiative itself. This would also provide a forum to enable participation in the planning and decision making processes. A proposal was developed of the relevant stakeholders on the watershed level, and feedback on the initiative was received through the consultation process. The initiative's strengths and weaknesses, possible strategies in order to put the initiative into practice, a proposal for the establishment of the coordination group, and the identification of shortcomings in the process were some of the issues raised