Dysmetabolic mechanisms of preeclampsia development

Background: An in-depth study of dismetabolic mechanisms in the genesis of pre-eclampsia (PE) has been updated because pregnancy is considered as a natural model of metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as the metabolic disorders are important in development of essential hypertension.Aims: to reveal clinical and laboratory parallels in pregnancy complicated by PE without MS and pregnancy proceeding on the background of MS to assess the role of metabolic disturbances in the development of PE.Materials and methods: 82 women with MS were examined in the dynamics of pregnancy and were divided into 2 groups depending on the implementation of PE: group I consisted of 50 women with PE on the background of MS, group II 32 women with MS without PE. We formed group III consisting of 44 pregnant women with PE without accompanying diseases to assess the pathogenetic value of metabolic disorders in the development of PE. The IV (control) group consisted of 30 healthy women with physiological pregnancy. Metabolic, hematological parameters, hormones, markers of the proinflammatory state, endothelial hemostasiological dysfunction, decidualization and placental angiogenesis, accumulation dynamics and distribution loci of adipose tissue were determined in all pregnant women.Results: In the groups of pregnant women with PE, changes similar to MS were revealed: pronounced diabetic and atherogenic disorders with the development of pathological insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and leptinemia, endothelial-platelet link hyperactivation, thrombotic and inflammatory status, visceral type of fat deposition, hyperuricemia, hypersympathicotonia. It is proved that in the hierarchy of mechanisms of PE formation, placental dysfunction is a secondary alteration factor, which additionally potentiates the insulin resistance increase and the effects of structural and functional destabilization of the vascular endothelium.Conclusions: The direction of metabolic changes during pregnancy, the common development of PE and MS indicate the important role of dismetabolic mechanisms in the formation of PE

Some Properties of Semiconductor-Ferroelectric Structures

This paper presents the properties of semiconductor-ferroelectric structures consisting of ZnO nanorods grown at low temperatures by the hydrothermal method on LiNbO3 and LiNbO3:Fe substrates. The resulting structures were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, photoluminescence, and spectrophotometry. SEM images and spectra, absorption spectra, and photoluminescence spectra in the ultraviolet and visible ranges are presented. The studies have shown the possibility of using, along with others, the hydrothermal method for synthesizing Zn(NO3)26H2O and C6H12N4 to obtain arrays of ZnO nanorods as a sensitive element of surfactant-based UV radiation sensors

Calcium phosphate coating formed on titanium scaffold by plasma electrolytic oxidation

The article provides the results of the preparation of calcium phosphate coatings by plasma electrolytic oxidation. Calcium phosphate coatings are formed on titanium scaffolds with a porous structure. Titanium scaffolds are products of additive manufacturing equipment by selective laser melting. The morphology of the obtained coating, phase and elemental composition are described, the Ca/P ratio of the coating is dete rmined. The surface of the scaffold is porous due to the baking of powder particles during production. XRD analysis shows the presence of calcium phosphate and oxide compounds. The resulting oxide coating is evenly distributed over the porous surface of the scaffold. Titanium, aluminum and vanadium are located in the areas of the coating free of calcium phosphate particles. The average Ca/P ratio for the resulting coating was 2.48. This value is close to the Ca/P ratio in human bone. It is concluded that the use of the PEO method is promising for the manufacture of scaffolds with a porous structure with calcium phosphate coatings for use in traumatology and orthopedics. The use of titanium scaffolds with a porous structure with calcium phosphate coatings will improve the osseointegration of implants and exclude the possibility of implant failure

The complex approach to the geochemical research of oil and organic substance with the purpose of planning of geological exploration work for oil and gas

The article is devoted to the first results obtained for the complex of geochemical studies of the crude oils and organic matter of Vyngayakhinskoye field rocks of the West-Siberian oil and gas province. The main objective of this paper is the determination of the genetic unity of or, on the contrary, in the difference of the crude oil produced at the field, dedicated to the various oil complexes. Authors investigated the correlation between organic matter the breeds and crude oils of various oil-and-gas complexes with a view to identifying areas of generation, directions, and the scope and stages of migration of hydrocarbons. The study, in the future, can be used in the development of recommendations for the planning of geological exploration works on oil and gas, as well as to develop the reserves already discovered oil and gas deposits

Evaluation of the Local Anesthetic Activity, Acute Toxicity, and Structure–Toxicity Relationship in Series of Synthesized 1-Aryltetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloid Derivatives In Vivo and In Silico

Isoquinoline alkaloids constitute one of the most common classes of alkaloids that have shown a pronounced role in curing various diseases. Finding ways to reduce the toxicity of these molecules and to increase their therapeutic margin is an urgent matter. Here, a one-step method for the synthesis of a series of 1-aryl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines was performed in 85–98% yield by the Pictet–Spengler reaction. This was accomplished using the reaction between 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine and substituted benzaldehydes boiling in trifluoroacetic acid. Furthermore, 1-(3′-amino-, 4′-aminophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines were obtained in 94% and 97% yield by reduction in 1-(3′-nitro-, 4′-nitrophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines with SnCl2 × 2H2O. The structures of the substances obtained were confirmed by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR) spectra. ADMET/TOPKAT in silico study concluded that the synthesized compounds exhibited acceptable pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties without carcinogenic or mutagenic potential but with variable hepatotoxicity. The acute toxicity and structure–toxicity relationship (STR) in the series of 20 derivatives of 1-aryl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (3a–r, 4a, b) was studied via determination of acute toxicity and resorptive action in white mice employing intragastric step-by-step administration. The first compound, 1-phenyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (3a), showed the highest toxicity with LD50 of 280 mg/kg in contrast to 1-(3′-bromo -4′-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (3e) which proved to be the safest of the compounds studied. Its toxicity was 13.75 times lower than that of the parent compound 3a. All compounds investigated showed high local anesthetic activity on rabbit eyes in the concentrations studied. Only 3r, 3n, and 4a caused eye irritation and redness. All investigated derivatives (except 4b) in 1% concentration were more active than lidocaine, providing longer duration of complete anesthesia. Therefore, based on the obtained results of in silico tests, local anesthesia, and acute toxicity, a conclusion can be drawn that the experimental compounds need further extensive future investigations and possible modifications so that they can act as promising drug candidates

Direct and inverse problems for evolution integro-differential equations of the first-order in time

Il contributo \ue8 un articolo scientifico originale, non pubblicato altrove in nessuna forma, e sottoposto a referee. This paper deals with an identification problem for integro-differential equations. More precisely the authors study an abstract evolution equation of the type $$u'(t)=A_1u(t)+\int_0^th(t-s)A_2u(s)ds+f(t)$$ in a bounded time interval $[0,T]$ in a Hilbert space framework. One of the main assumptions on the operators $A_1$ and $A_2$ is that $A_2$ dominates $A_1$. The authors consider both the direct and the inverse problems. The first problem assumes that the kernel $h$ is a known datum and that the initial condition on $u$ is given, while the inverse problem consists in determining the functions $u$ and $h$ simultaneously given additional conditions on $u$. The main results are existence and uniqueness for the solutions of both problems

SEMICONDUCTOR CHALCOGENIDE FILMS FOR RECORDING HOLOGRAPHIC INFORMATION.

The possibilities of using chalcogenide glassy semiconductor films of the system AsSe for recording holographic information are considered. A chart of the results of a study of diffraction efficiency as a function of exposure time is given

The importance of pathological insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia

Aim: to assess dynamic changes in insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia (HI) and related parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic states in pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia (PE).Materials and Methods. A prospective observational study was conducted consisting of laboratory monitoring 148 high-PE-risk pregnant women comprising Group I - 72 women with overt PE; 36 healthy women with physiological course of pregnancy were included into Group II. All women were assessed level of venous blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides (TG), leptin, placental lactogen, uric acid, tumor necrosis factor-a, C-reactive protein, circulating endothelial cells, fibronectin, nitric oxide metabolites, platelet aggregation at gestational periods 11-14 weeks, 18-21 weeks and 30-34 weeks. We also calculated insulin resistance index, atherogenic coefficient, and TG/HDL ratio, estimating accumulation and distribution of adipose tissue.Results. There were found physiological changes in IR and HI, lipid, endothelial-hemostasis axis, pro-inflammatory, placental parameters supposed to provide proper fetal energy supply during normal pregnancy. During PE, these parameters were aberrantly elevated starting from early pregnancy stage due to failure of gestational adaptation mechanisms, which acquire important pathogenetic significance therein.Conclusion. A holistic view at the mechanisms of forming atherogenic transformation of the lipid profile, endothelial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic status, oxidative stress, hyperuricemia, visceral type of abdominal wall fat deposition as well as correlation analysis data indicate that all such changes were associated with unified pathogenetic arm consisting of pathological IR and HI serving as early baseline mechanisms in PE development

LASER TESTING OF SILICON WAFERS

The possibility of detection of defects in silicon wafers by Fourier analysis of digital images obtained by laser introscopy is shown