Communication and the Empowerment of Powerless Civil Society

Masyarakat sipil, atau lebih dikenal sebagai civil society, dianggap oleh pihak negara merupakan golongan masyarakat yang bukan  kategori warga masyarakat dan oleh pasar dianggap bukan pembeli, namun melebihi kategori yang ada. Pandangan para ilmuwan menunjukkan peran penting masyarakat sipil dan keandalan komunikasi merupakan faktor penting dalam mengungkapkan pendapat dan mempengaruhi. Peranan masyarakat sipil di negara-negara maju menunjukan kemampuan mereka untuk mempangaruhi kebijakan. Akan tetapi di Indonesia, kapasitas yang dimiliki belum dapat membantu masyarakat sepenuhnya, sehingga perlu diadakan assesmen bagaimana memberdayakan masyarakat sipil

The disintegration of N15 by protons

The absolute cross sections of the reactions (1) N15(p,α)C12, (2) N15(p,αγ)C12, and (3) N15(p,γ)O16 have been measured from 0.2 to 1.6 Mev. The thick target yield of reaction (1) was also measured at 0.100 Mev. Resonances were found at 0.338, 1.05, and 1.210 Mev for reaction (1); at 0.429, 0.898, 1.210, and possibly 1.05 Mev for reaction (2); and at 1.05 Mev for reaction (3). Most of the resonances follow closely the shape of the single level dispersion formula. The 1.05-Mev resonance is asymmetric and cannot be explained as easily. The cross section of reaction (1) has been extrapolated to stellar energies and is given by σ=(110 / E)×exp(-6.95E-1 / 2) barns for E in Mev in the energy region near 0.030 Mev

Measuring well-being across Europe: Description of the ESS Well-being Module and preliminary findings

It has become customary to judge the success of a society through the use of objective indicators, predominantly economic and social ones. Yet in most developed nations, increases in income, education and health have arguably not produced comparable increases in happiness or life satisfaction. While much has been learned from the introduction of subjective measures of global happiness or life satisfaction into surveys, significant recent progress in the development of high-quality subjective measures of personal and social well-being has not been fully exploited. This paper describes the development of a set of well- being indicators which were included in Round 3 of the European Social Survey. This well-being Module seeks to evaluate the success of European countries in promoting the personal and social well-being of their citizens. In addition to providing a better understanding of domain-specific measures, such as those relating to family, work and income, the design of the Well-being Module recognises that advancement in the field requires us to look beyond measures which focus on how people feel (happiness, pleasure, satisfaction) to measures which are more concerned with how well they function. This also shifts the emphasis from relatively transient states of well-being to measures of more sustainable well-being. The ESS Well-being Module represents one of the first systematic attempts to create a set of policy-relevant national well-being accounts.well-being ; European social survey ; questionnaire design

Interplay between Superconductivity and Magnetism in Rb0.8Fe1.6Se2 under Pressure

High-pressure magnetization, structural and 57Fe M\"ossbauer studies were performed on superconducting Rb0.8Fe1.6Se2.0 with Tc = 32.4 K. The superconducting transition temperature gradually decreases on increasing pressure up to 5.0 GPa followed by a marked step-like suppression of superconductivity near 6 GPa. No structural phase transition in the Fe vacancy-ordered superstructure is observed in synchrotron XRD studies up to 15.6 GPa, while the M\"ossbauer spectra above 5 GPa reveal the appearance of a new paramagnetic phase and significant changes in the magnetic and electronic properties of the dominant antiferromagnetic phase, coinciding with the disappearance of superconductivity. These findings underline the strong correlation between antiferromagnetic order and superconductivity in phase-separated AxFe2-x/2Se2 (A = K, Rb, Cs) superconductors

Polymer grafted chromatography media for direct capture and high-resolution purification of enveloped virus-like particles

Usually, the downstream processing of viruses and virus-like particles (VLP) does not include conventional chromatography media (beads) in the capture and/or purification steps. For large biomolecules, the binding capacity of conventional resins is limited to the outer surface of the beads. We developed a purification process based on polymer-grafted media, which allows a swift purification of HIV-1 VLP from CHO cell culture supernatant. The dynamic binding capacity is one order of magnitude lower than convective media but still in the range of 5-7x1011 particles/ml packed bed, which is unexpectedly high. For that reason, the binding mechanism was studied in detail. As expected, transmission electron micrographs showed that the VLPs only adsorb at the outer surface of the beads. This was corroborated by confocal microscopy using florescence labelled VLPs by incorporating cell membrane label. In batch update experiments, we observed a biphasic behavior with a fast uptake within minutes followed by a slow adsorption within hours. Desorption was also occurring very fast within minutes. Modeling linear gradient elutions with different gradient slopes showed that the number of effective charges involved in the adsorption is in the range of 30 and the adsorption is not really affected by salt. This explains why VLPs can be directly loaded from culture supernatant without further preconditioning. Scalability is not an issue, because these polymer grafted media can be packed in any scale from less than 0.5 ml to several hundred liters and in any column geometry

Anisotropic Exchange in LiCu2O2{\bf LiCu_2O_2}

We investigate the magnetic properties of the multiferroic quantum-spin system LiCu$_2$O$_2$ by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements at $X$- and $Q$-band frequencies in a wide temperature range $(T_{\rm N1} \leq T \leq 300$\,K). The observed anisotropies of the $g$ tensor and the ESR linewidth in untwinned single crystals result from the crystal-electric field and from local exchange geometries acting on the magnetic Cu$^{2+}$ ions in the zigzag-ladder like structure of LiCu$_2$O$_2$. Supported by a microscopic analysis of the exchange paths involved, we show that both the symmetric anisotropic exchange interaction and the antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction provide the dominant spin-spin relaxation channels in this material.Comment: 10 pages, 10 Figure

Salmonella in pork – Lessons to be learned from salmonella control in poultry

Based on Reg. (EC) No. 2160/2003, programs to control Salmonella in primary production in poultry have been decided and implemented in Europe. This paper addresses the question of the efficacy of these programs to reduce the incidence of salmonellosis in humans in Germany

On-Line Process Fiber Optic Refractometer for Measuring Edible Oil Hydrogenation

The process of edible oil partial hydrogenation has improved steadily over the past decades, but few on-line process instruments exist capable of measuring the extent of hydrogenation. This work describes the design of a prototype, on-line fiber optic refractometer for controlling and monitoring of oils. It uses an established correlation between the degree of hydrogenation of an edible oil and its refractive index (Rl). The refractometer cell uses a bare optical fiber in direct contact with processing oil. Equations are given describing the power transmission characteristics of an optical fiber as a function of its cladding Rl. Comparisons between calculated and experimental data are shown using test liquids flowing through the refractometer

Menggali Warisan Hannah Arendt dalam “Asal-Usul Totalitarisme”

Abstract: Arendt’s analysis of totalitarism in The Origins of Totalitarism has combined several dimensions of power: imperialism, racism, and anti-Semitism. Under these exercises of power, polis as a model of politics is reduced into the holocaust and colonization. This article finds out that those processes bring forth the society into the dichotomy between the pariah and the parvenu, the people and the mass, human qua human and human qua citizen, and the authentic and the unauthentic. This phenomenological analysis of the dichotomy shows that emotion may be the only sources of disturbancesKata Kunci: Totalitarisme, rasisme, pariah, pervenu, massa, warga negara, yang otenti