Finite Element Simulation of a Steady-State Stress Distribution in a Four Stroke Compressed Natural Gas-Direct Injection Engine Cylinder Head

The main aim of this work is to predict the design performance based on the stress/strain and thermal stress behaviour of cylinder head under various operating conditions. The effects of engine operating conditions such as combustion gas temperature and maximum internal pressure, components initial temperature and engine speed on the stress and thermal stress behaviour of the cylinder head have been analyzed. The analysis was carried out using a finite element analysis (FEA) software package, MSC.NASTRAN which is use to simulate and predict the von-Mises stress and strain pattern and thermal distribution of the cylinder head structure during the combustion process in the engine and the geometry modelling was carried out using a popular computeraided engineering tool, CATIA V5. The result can be used to determine the quality of the design as well as identify areas which require further improvement. In this investigation, structural analyses of the cylinder head highlight several areas of interest. The maximum stress is found not exceeding the material strength of cylinder head, and thus the basic design criteria, namely no yielding and no structural failure under firing load case, can be satisfied. In addition, the effect of thermal stress/strain provides a good indication on structural integrity and reliability of the cylinder head, which can be improved in the early stages of design. This steadystate finite element method (FEM) stress analysis can play a very effective role in the rapid prototyping of the cylinder head

Catastrophic forgetting: still a problem for DNNs

We investigate the performance of DNNs when trained on class-incremental visual problems consisting of initial training, followed by retraining with added visual classes. Catastrophic forgetting (CF) behavior is measured using a new evaluation procedure that aims at an application-oriented view of incremental learning. In particular, it imposes that model selection must be performed on the initial dataset alone, as well as demanding that retraining control be performed only using the retraining dataset, as initial dataset is usually too large to be kept. Experiments are conducted on class-incremental problems derived from MNIST, using a variety of different DNN models, some of them recently proposed to avoid catastrophic forgetting. When comparing our new evaluation procedure to previous approaches for assessing CF, we find their findings are completely negated, and that none of the tested methods can avoid CF in all experiments. This stresses the importance of a realistic empirical measurement procedure for catastrophic forgetting, and the need for further research in incremental learning for DNNs.Comment: 10 pages, 11 figures, Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning - ICANN 201

Upaya untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Interaktif Siswa Kelas V A Sdn 013 Buluh Kasap Kecamatan Dumai Timur Kota Dumai

The background of this study is the low result of fifth grade students learn math A SDN 013Buluh Kasap Dumai. Of the 32 students, only 7 students who achieve specified KKM is 65. Tothe researchers conduct classroom action research with the aim to improve learningoutcomes VA SDN 013 Buluh Kasap Dumai math grade students through interactive learningmodel, the study was conducted in February 2012. The subjects were students SDN 013 BuluhKasap Dumai VA classes totaling 32 students. The data used in this research is data ofstudent learning outcomes, student activities, complete learn student and teacher activities.Instruments used in this study consisted of two research instruments are instruments learningdevice consists of a syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheets and data collection instrumentsconsist of observation of student activity sheets, teacher activity observation sheet, a testsheet. The results showed mastery of students in each cycle has increased, the base score isthe number of students who completed 7 students (21.90%), in the first cycle the number ofstudents who pass increases with the number of 16 students (50.00%), the second cycleincreases with the number of student mastery of 25 students (78.12%). It can be concludedfrom the results of fifth grade students learn math A SDN 013 Buluh Kasap Dumai can beimproved through the application of interactive learning model

Retorika Dan Dakwah Islam

Retorika dakwah berkembang berjalan seiring dengan perkembangan dakwah Islam. Aktifitas dakwah sendiri sudah ada sejak adanya Islam karena memang Islam adalah agama dakwah, yaitu agama yang memberikan nasihat untuk membenarkan dan mengimani apa yang difirmankan Allah SWT serta membenarkan dan melaksanakan perintah yang dikatakan nabi-nabi Allah, juga nasihat untuk orang banyak agar saling tolong menolong serta saling mengingatkan