A Study of Orthogonal Components for Visible Image Data Hiding

Digital data security covers many topics like authentication, copyright related protection and controlling of all still images, audio, multimedia related products. So the watermarking technique is so important because it is relevant to these protection areas. Watermarking technique can be classified in two types, Transformed Domain & Spatial Domain. In this paper we discuss about the process of marking digital pictures with undetectable hidden information but visible, which is called Watermark. It is based on complete Copyright Protection System (CPS). Digital Watermark Technique is a technology which is used for copyright protection of media & all digital applications. It is done by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) & Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.160415

Covariance estimation using h-statistics in Monte Carlo and Multilevel Monte Carlo methods

We present novel Monte Carlo (MC) and multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) methods for determining the unbiased covariance of random variables using h-statistics. The advantage of this procedure lies in the unbiased construction of the estimator's mean square error in a closed form. This is in contrast to the conventional MC and MLMC covariance estimators, which are based on biased mean square errors defined solely by upper bounds, particularly within the MLMC. Finally, the numerical results of the algorithms are demonstrated by estimating the covariance of the stochastic response of a simple 1D stochastic elliptic PDE such as Poisson's model

Multi Degree of Freedom Hinge Joints Embedded on Tubes for Miniature Steerable Medical Devices

With the proliferation of successful minimally invasive surgical techniques, comes the challenge of shrinking the size of surgical instruments further to facilitate use in applications such as neurosurgery, pediatric surgery, and needle procedures. The present thesis introduces laser machined, multi-degree-of-freedom (DoF) hinge joints embedded on tubes, as a possible means to realize such miniature instruments without the need for any assembly. A method to design such a joint for an estimated range of motion is explored by using geometric principles. A geometric model is developed to characterize the joint and relate it to the laser machining parameters, design parameters, and the workpiece parameters. The extent of interference between the moving parts of the joint can be used to predict the range of motion of the joint for rigid tubes and for future design optimization. The total usable workspace is estimated using kinematic principles for joints in series and for two sets of orthogonal joints. The predicted range of motion was compared to the measured values for fabricated samples of different hinge sizes and kerf dimensions, and it was shown that the predicted values are close to the measured ranges across samples. The embedded hinge joints described in this thesis could be used for micro-robotic applications and minimally invasive surgical devices for neurosurgery and pediatric surgery. Our work can open up avenues to a new class of miniature robotic medical devices with hinge joints and a usable channel for drug delivery

Study of Name Plate Detection using Blob analysis Method

Name Plate detection is the most interesting and challenging research topic from past few years. It is known that the size of a Name Plate is changing day by day. Some name plate is small in size and also in big size that’s create a problem in character recognition of Name and then separated individual character using Region prop algorithm. So we need an approach which is able to detect a particular Name Plate. In this paper we will discuss on Name Plate detection technique. An automated system is developed using morphological recognition algorithm in MATLAB R2013a. In which image is captured from camera and converted into gray scale image for pre-processing. After conversion, image complemented, binary conversion is applied on image. After conversion canny edge detection method has done and passed this detection to the dilation process. After filtration and dilation, area is selected where number of name plates is maximum and name plates are recognized from the image in the form of bounding box. Blob analysis is used for each name plate separately to detect name plate

Study of Indian coin identification by using Blob detection technique

Digital image processing is a fast growing field and many applications are developed in science and engineering. Image processing has the possibility of establish the latest machine that could perform the visual functions of all living beings. Object recognition is one of the most imperative features of image processing. Coin detection is the most interesting and challenging research topic from past few years. It is known that the size of a coin is changing day by day. 1 rupee coin is small in size and also in big size that’s create a problem in coin detection. So we need a approach which is able to detect a particular coin. In this paper we will discuss on coin detection technique. An automated system is developed using morphological recognition algorithm in MATLAB R2013a. In which image is captured from camera and converted into gray scale image for pre-processing. After conversion, image complemented, binary conversion is applied on image. After conversion canny edge detection method has done and passed this detection to the dilation process. After filtration and dilation, area is selected where number of coins is maximum and coins are recognized from the image in the form of bounding box. Blob analysis is used for each coin separately to detect indian coins

Fiber Orientation and its Influence on the Flexural Strength of Glass Fiber and Graphite Fiber reinforced Polymer Composite

This paper investigates the effect of fibre orientation on the flexural strength of fibre reinforced -epoxy laminated composite material, with the variation in the orientation of the reinforced fibres there will be a substantial variation in the flexural strength of the laminated composites. In the present paper fabrication of glass fibre reinforced laminated composites and graphite fibre reinforced laminated composites with varying orientation of reinforced fibres were prepared using the hand layup, vacuum baggage technique and these specimens are subjected to 3 point static bending testing the investigations are carried out as per the ASTM standards. Using the load -deflection graph the maximum load, maximum deflection and the flexural strength of the specimen for different laminated composites is evaluated and the appropriate conclusions are drawn

Word-wise South Indian Script Identification using GLCM and Radon Features

This paper presents a hybrid features for identification of south Indian scripts in word-wise and it has used three classifiers. We have used two kinds of features namely Radon and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and combination of Radon and GLCM features. For identification purpose LDA, KNN and SVM classifiers have been employed. For the experiment proposed work considered the 6 languages scripts; Roman, Devnagari, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and Malayalam. This proposed work considered the Word Image Dataset for 11 Languages form MILE Lab IISC in this dataset proposed work considered 6 languages with 5000 for each scripts, this makes total of 30,000 word images. We have made the total of five bi-lingual combinations of south Indian scripts. To extract features; GLCM and Radon Features are considered (4 features of GLCM, 11 features, for Radon we obtained 98.80% from KNN for the Roman and Kannada combination, for GLCM 88.20% obtained by SVM for the Roman and Kannada from SVM Classifier and from combination of Radon and GLCM we have obtained the accuracy of 98.90% for Roman and Kannada combination scripts