CHARACTERISTIC OF EXPANSIVE CLAY SOIL (Case research at Bugel Village, Godong Subdistrict, Purwodadi Regency, Central Java Province)

Almost all civil constructions were built on the ground. However, not all soil types can be used for construction due to the load supporting capacity of the soil and the soil deformation that occurs for each different soil type. One type of soil that has many problems on its supporting capacity is expansive clay soil. It is a type of soil that has a mineral content that easily absorbs water in wet conditions and also release water easily in dry conditions so that is soil can swell and shrink in a relatively short time. The purpose of this research is to know expansive soil characteristic in Bugel Village, Godong District, Purwodadi Regency, Central Java Province covering physical and mechanical properties. Based on laboratory tests, the soil in Bugel Village has Waverage = 60.90%. From result of atterberg limit test obtained result LL = 90,75%; PL = 24.138%; SL = 23.759%; And PI = 66.612%. According to Raman with a PI of 66.612% already shows the soil is expansive ground. For Gravity Specific the results is 2,782, indicating the soil contains Montmorillonite minerals that have high passivity properties. The AASTHO classification of soil is incorporated into groups A-7-6 whereas for USCS classification is incorporated into CH zones and for English classification is entered into the zone between CV and CE. Of the three classifications can be drawn the clay soil area has a high plasticity value. For standard compaction test result, the characteristic value for maximum γunsat = 1,389 gr / cm2, γsat maximum = 1.78 gr / cm2, Woptimum = 31,46%, and n = 58,92%. And for soil swelling test can be seen the percentage of swelling is very high that is about 274%. Keywords: Soil Charactreristic, Expansive Clay Soil, Montmorillonite, Bugel Village

Dealing With Issues in Construction in the Coastal Area of Soft Clay: Solution, Strategy & Implementation

In this condition, cities with coastal area have soft clay soil. The main problem is that the soft clay soil has bee n suffering from great settlement due to consolidation that makes the buildings around become instable, it causes the landfill is done on the soft soil. Suppose the consolidation happens naturally as it is, it will run in a relatively longer time, years or even decades. In order to be stable, it needs longer time, as consequence, the soil is not able to be used for building to which it will give damage in term of time and finance. It is why engineering is needed to fasten the consolidation process in order to make the soft clays soil able to be used efficiently. One of particular methods to fasten the consolidation process is building vertical drain. There are many ways and materials that can be used to set up vertical drain, among which are making small holes through drilling then filling it up with porous materials such as sand and gravel stone or coir. Nowadays, new method has already been available to fasten the consolidation process by geosynthetic. It is Prevabicated Vertical Drain made of polymer material. The use of geosynthetic for vertical drain can fasten the consolidation process significantly. The speed process of consolidation depends on the types of soil and model of the vertical drain as well as the distance among holes. Vertical drain can only accelerate the settlement due to consolidation, but it does not minimize it. By applying the drain model, time for the soil settlement can possibly be arranged that makes the soil of reclamation more ready for use. Keywords: consolidation, vertical drain, goesyntheti

Feasibility Study Development Of Randugunting Dam By Taking Larap Factor (Land Aquisition and Resettlement Action Plan)

Water is an essential ingredient for food availability, health and survival. Dams is one form of building in an effort to conserve water resources. The Randugunting Dam Development Plan in Blora Regency enters into 65 priority Dam in NAWACITA. Then to determine a project is feasible to be implemented or not, feasibility studies should be undertaken so that the business or project that is run not be in vain in the future. Any proposed public or private program or activity that is beneficial to the public interest and will result in an impact on 200 or more persons and requires compensation, it should be supplemented with a Land Acquisition and Resttlement Action Plan (LARAP) the policy covers: 1) Land acquisition and / resettlement should be avoided or minimized as far as possible; 2) If procurement of land is inevitable, the compensation provided and the transfer of the PAP should be accompanied by coaching efforts; 3) WTD receives appropriate compensation based on calculated replacement cost of affected assets; 4) In determining the amount of compensation value should be based on consultation and discussion with WTD. The cost components of the Randugunting Dam Development include pre-construction costs (land planning and acquisition / LARAP), construction costs and maintenance operation costs. Benefit components are viewed from the parties concerned with the project, especially for people in need including agriculture, fisheries, raw water, flood control, electricity and tourism. Development cost of Randugunting Dam with investment of Rp. 861.714.687.361 for 50 years. In view of the calculation results, NPV can be concluded of 139.866.838.506> 0 then the NPV is acceptable. The rate of return with the interest rate of 11.63% then the value of IRR of 11.63%> of DF = 10.49% so that investment is feasible. With the age of 50 years reservoir with the value of BCR of 1.16> 1 then the dam construction is feasible. BEP (Break Even Point) of the analysis produces BEP in the 30.4 year. Keywords: Feasibility Study, LARAP, Dam

Repairs Of Expansive Land For Sub Grade Roads

Subgrade is the most important part in laying the building structure, especially for road construction. The improvement of the quality of road facilities is carried out with initial planning on good pavement layers and should consider the type and strength of subgrade. Road conditions are often damaged in the structure of the road surface layer because it is caused because the structure of the soil in the area often experience shrinkage causing the road becomes cracked and even waving. It is therefore necessary to experiment to stabilize the soil by improving the gradation of mixing the original soil with a larger graded material of rice husk ash, in several experiments with several samples and aggregate mixture to find out the free press value on soil tested both before and after stabilized. The test results showed free press value of comparison between mixing using inorganic salts and lime has increased soil bearing capacity. From the results of this study can be concluded that the addition of the right stabilizer material on expansive soil is good enough to be used to improve the physical and mechanical properties of expansive soil. Keywords: Subgrade, expansive soil, soil stabilization, stabilizer material, soil bearing capacit

RESPON PENGGUNA JALAN SEBELUM PELAKSANAAN PROYEK PENINGKATAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN DI KAWASAN GATOT SUBROTO KOTA SEMARANG

The development of road infrastructure is a vital element in driving economic growth and improving the quality of urban life. In Semarang City, Jalan Gatot Subroto plays a crucial role as a major route connecting the north and south of the city, serving as a vital artery for inter-district mobility. However, in recent years, this road has faced serious challenges such as worsening traffic congestion, deteriorating road conditions, and their impacts on local social and economic activities. Therefore, efforts to enhance infrastructure on Jalan Gatot Subroto have become urgent given the complexity of these issues. This study aims to identify and determine variables that significantly influence the success of road improvement programs in the Gatot Subroto area of Semarang City. Data was collected using survey methods and deepened through interviews. The respondents involved in this study were 100 people with diverse backgrounds in terms of age and occupation. The collected data was then processed both quantitatively using SPSS and qualitatively to be used as a reference in answering research questions. Based on the analysis conducted, five variables are predicted to significantly affect the success of the road improvement project planned in the Gatot Subroto area of Semarang City: (1) User Satisfaction with a regression coefficient of 0.233, (2) Travel Time at 0.078, (3) Traffic Safety at 0.180, (4) Traffic Congestion at 0.163, (5) Accessibility at 0.551, and (6) Environmental Impact at 0.472. Referring to the field study results, it can be concluded that these variables have a significant relationship with the success rate of the Jalan Gatot Subroto improvement program in Semarang City, with important implications for more effective transportation infrastructure planning

Traffic Counting using YOLO Version-8 (Case Study of Jakarta-Cikampek Toll Road)

You Only Look Once (YOLO)  version 8 is the latest version of YOLO. YOLO is a common object detection model that offers faster and more accurate results. YOLO applications provide numerous benefits in the fields of health care, traffic control, vehicle safety, energy, agriculture, and industry. The purpose of this article is to use advancements in information technology to automate the process of manually recording traffic counts on the highway. The method utilized in this study is to record a video of traffic movements with a smartphone camera and save it in MP4 format. Calculations are performed at the office after receiving recorded video and utilizing a program written by the author that makes use of Python, Ppencv, Pytorch, and YOLO  version 8 software. When passing through a counter box, the traffic volume is counted and saved in Excel format (.xls). The video records footage near the Halim area of the Jakarta-Cikampek toll road. With a measurement accuracy of 99.63% for cars, 96.66% for buses, and 98.55% for trucks, the accuracy attained using YOLO  version 8 is fairly satisfactory for detecting vehicle volume and categorization

OPTIMALISASI PENJADWALAN DAN EFISIENSI BIAYA PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG (Studi Kasus Pembangunan RSUD Ketanggungan Kabupaten Brebes)

ABSTRACTDalam rangka pemerataan taraf hidup dan derajat kesehatan masyarakat di wilayah Ketanggungan Kabupaten Brebes, Pemerintah daerah kota Brebes telah melakukan beberapa upaya strategis, salah satu diantaranya adalah pembangungan infrastruktur RSUD diwilayah tersebut. Projek pembangunan ini bersifat mendesak sehingga perlu diselesaikan tepat waktu agar dapat segera difungsikan. Penjadualan menjadi sangat esensial dalam projek pembangunan tersebut, pekerjaan yang dipercepat dari penjadualan normal tentu saja akan mempengaruhi prmbiayaan proyek. Agar kegiatan pembangunan berjalan dengan efektif, efisien dan optimal, analisa yang tepat sangat diperlukan guna mendukung proses penjadualan kerja sesuai yang diharapkan, termasuk pemilihan item pekerjaan prioritas yang harus segera diselesaikan dalam waktu tertentu dengan pembiayaan yang efisien. Guna menentukan nilai pembiayaan tersebut, penentuan Lintasan Kritis dengan menggunakan PDM (Precedence Diagram Method) sangat diperlukan. Data primer dan sekunder yang digunakan dalam analisis berupa catatan, arsip atau rujukan seperti jurnal penelitian, jadual pelaksanaan, laporan berikut jadual kegiatan proyek, RAB dan rujukan lain yang relevan dengan kegiatan penelitian ini. Hasil analisa dari data diatas diuraikan kedalam diagram jaringan untuk memudahkan penentuan durasi percepatan pelaksanaan melalui penambahan jam kerja sebelum kemudian dihitung optimalisasi biaya yang dihasilkan. Percepatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Crashing, metode Overlapping, dan metode Combine (Crashing dan Overlapping) guna memperoleh hasil percepatan dengan waktu/durasi 7 minggu  (21 %) dan juga nilai optimasi biaya pelaksanaan  sebesar  Rp. 4.207.237.695,03 (7%), dimana biaya pelaksanaan semula adalah Rp. 58.557.390.571,00 menjadi Rp. 54.350.152.875,97.Kata Kunci : optimalisasi, crashing, overlapping, combine ABSTRACTIn order to equalize the standard of living and health status of the community in the area of responsibility of Brebes Regency, the local government of the city of Brebes has made several strategic efforts, one of which is the construction of hospital infrastructure in the region. This development project is urgent so it needs to be completed on time so that it can function immediately. Scheduling is very essential in this development project, work that is accelerated from the normal schedule will of course affect project financing. In order for development activities to run effectively, efficiently and optimally, proper analysis is needed to support the work scheduling process as expected, including the selection of priority work items that must be completed within a certain time with efficient financing. In order to determine the value of the financing, determining the Critical Path using the PDM (Precedence Diagram Method) is very necessary. Primary and secondary data used in the analysis are in the form of notes, archives or references such as research journals, implementation schedules, reports along with project activity schedules, budget plans and other references relevant to this research activity. The results of the analysis of the above data are described in a network diagram to facilitate the determination of the duration of accelerated implementation through the addition of working hours before calculating the resulting cost optimization. Acceleration is carried out using the Crashing method, the Overlapping method, and the Combine method (Crashing and Overlapping) in order to obtain acceleration results with a time/duration of 7 weeks (21%) and also an optimization cost of Rp. 4,207,237,695.03 (7%), where the initial implementation cost was Rp. 58,557,390,571.00 to Rp. 54,350,152,875.97.Keywords: optimization, crashing, overlapping, combin

The Prediction of Broad Puddle Change Based on Land Subsidence Analysis in Semarang

Semarang is the capital city of Central Java that has a population about 1.3 million people, the position of Semarang is very strategic as a regional transport. Semarang is divided into 2 parts namely Semarang Upper area and Semarang lower area. The soil layer of Semarang lower area is dominated by soft alluvial soil layers that continue to occur compression. These conditions effect this area most likely get the environmental impact caused by land subsidence. The objective of this study was to determine the large and duration of land subsidence that occurred in Semarang Barat district and its influence towards the area of inundation. The analysis of this research used 1D terzaghi method and plaxis software which then in overlay using GIS which yielded map of subsidence in the area. The calculation results that used 1D Terzaghi, the land subsidence of Mediterranean Housing was 91.11 cm for 27.11 years, Ronggolawe area subsidence was 24.40 cm for 18,50 years, and Jendral Sudirman area was 10 cm for 15,94 years, while using plaxis 8.2 software, the Perum Mediterania was 93.40 cm, Ronggolawe area was 26.22 cm, Jendral Sudriman area was 13.68 cm. Changes in the area of inundation in 2017 to 2047 amounted to ± 924,74 ha. Keywords: Land Subsidence, 1D Terzaghi, GIS, Plaxi

THE INFLUENCE OF LAND SUBSIDENCE TO THE CHANGES OF INUNDATION WIDTH IN SEMARANG CITY ALLUVIAL PLAINS (Case Study: Northern Districts of Semarang)

Semarang city is geographically consisting two units of morphology, namely: in the southern part is a denudasional structural hills consisting of Tembalang, Tanah Putih, Tegalsari, Siranda, until Gajah Mungkur. While the alluvial plain lies in the northern part. Land subsidence in some parts of Semarang city becomes a serious problem, because the area is generally a settlement area. As a result of land subsidence, settlement areabecomes lower, because the settlement location partly close to the beach, during a tide it overflows into the mainland through rivers and drainage canals and then it pooled to the settlement. The purpose and goal of this study is to assess and predict the large and length of land subsidence on alluvial plain due to the load and the mechanical properties of the soil as well as to assess and predict the changes of the inundation width in the alluvial as a result of land subsidence. This research use experimental method. To test the analysis of alluvial sediment subsidence, it is obtained by the calculation based on samples and primary data in the laboratory. The calculation is done in two ways, the first way is calculating the physical model with 1D Terzaghi, while the second way is predicting the subsidence using PLAXIS software and the result is the prediction of the large and length of subsidence with load variations and different soil mechanical conditions. Furthermore, comparing the calculation result using a physical model with the calculation result using PLAXIS software to get the final result of how is the large and length of land subsidence and the tendency of the subsidence. Whereas to calculate the width of the inundation, it is planned the changes of the inundation width using GIS software (Geographic Information System). The result of this study which applies 1D Terzaghi approach, obtained the smallest subsidence is 64,2 cm for 17,781 years and the largest subsidence is 107.600 cm for 29,635 years. While the approach which applies PLAXIS software obtained the smallest subsidence is 65.8 cm for 17,781 years and the largest subsidence is 110,000 cm for 29,635 years. The subsidence tendency more northern is larger and the time is longer. Land subsidence in the alluvial plain continues to rise, therefore the inundation in the settlement that located close to the river and the beach continues to grow wider, between 2016 and 2045 there is additionalinundation of 493,63 Ha. Keywords: Alluvial, Subsidence, Inundation, GIS, PLAXI

ANALYSIS OF CHANGE IN THE AREA OF INUNDATION DUE TO LAND SUBSIDENCE IN SEMARANG (A Case Study: Jl. Ahmad Yani, Jl. Erlangga Tengah, Jl. Sugiyopranoto)

Semarang is located on the north coast of Java island and develops in river flow area which genetically has alluvial materials. The process of precipitation continues until now and as a result a fairly thick layer of clay is founded. The layers of clay and land subsidence are related to each other. Land subsidence causes inundation or locally called rob area becoming increasingly widespread. The process of land subsidence causes a loss for the government of Semarang. The purpose of this study was to analyze the change in the area of inundation due to land subsidence in Semarang, on Ahmad Yani Street, Central Erlangga Street, and Sugiyopranoto Street, and give the best advice for the government to develop the city. Method of analysis used in this study was terzaghi method, GIS software (Geography Information System), and Plaxis software. The results showed that the rates of the land subsidence is getting bigger and the time is getting longer. Keywords: Land Subsidence, Terzaghi, Geography Information System, Plaxi