Harmonics Modelling and Simulation

Non

Hyperprolactinaemia induced by proton pump inhibitor

A case of a 13 year old girl who manifested hyperprolactinaemia and galactorrhea induced by Omeprazole, a commonly used proton pump inhibitor is presented

Cerebral salt wasting syndrome in tuberculous meningitis

Case of a seventy year old female, who developed cerebral salt wasting syndrome in association with Tuberculous Meningitis is presented

Venture Capital Sector in Pakistan: Ratio Analysis Approach for Financial Performance Assessment

The purpose of study is to rank the venture capital companies operating in Pakistan during the period of 2006-2009 on the base of their financial performance. Ratio analysis technique was used to rank the venture capital companies using profitability / efficiency ratios and total assets as proxies of financial performance. This study concludes that TRG Pakistan Limited is at first in ranking on the bases of return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and total assets, and at second on the base of earnings per share (EPS). AMZ Ventures Limited is at first on the base of earnings per share (EPS), at second in ranking on the bases of return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and total assets. TMT Ventures Limited is third on the bases of all ratios, and total assets. This is the first attempt that was made with an objective to facilitate the students, investors and management of company with useful information regarding financial performance of all venture capital companies operating in Pakistan

Accepting of E-banking among Banking Customers of Pakistan

E-banking is a platform through which a banking customer can perform its financial or non financial transactions electronically without visiting bank, which not only reduces transaction costs but also saves time.E-banking customers are increasing worldwide but its adoption is low in Pakistan. This study is done to investigate the most important factors which contribute to the espousal of E-banking in Pakistan. For this research primary data was collected from 217 customers of different ages, data was collected by structured questionnaire. Statistical descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. The results shows that privacy and security, trust, ease of usefulness, knowledge and awareness, inaccessibility and came in person preferences are the factors which affect adoption of E-banking in Pakistani customers. Findings also indicate that banking customers of Pakistan are willing to take on E-banking if proper guideline and awareness is provided to them by banks or banking regularity authorities

Primary non-functioning paraganglioma of liver: A rare tumour at an unusual location

Pheochromocytomas are rare tumours, 22% of which are extra-adrenal and are known as paragangliomas. We report a case of a young male with non-functioning paraganglioma of the liver; a very uncommon primary site. A CT scan with contrast showed a huge, highly vascular mass lesion in the right lobe of the liver and a core biopsy confirmed it to be a paraganglioma. Whole body study with iodine-131-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) tracer highlighted the liver tumour but was negative for any other active lesions depicting that the tumour was confined to the liver. The lesion was completely resected by extended right hepatectomy and the patient had an uneventful recovery. There is no evidence of disease recurrence at 3 years of follow up

Appraisal of Geotechnical Characteristics of Ormara Soil, Baluchistan, Pakistan

Ormara is located 240 km west of Karachi which is a coastal and port city (25° 16' 29N, 64° 35' 10E) ofPakistan. Present study evaluates engineering properties of soils of Ormara for future construction plans and possibleexpansions in the area. Fifty bore holes were done in study area at depths of 20m, 40m and some (10 bore holes) were60m deep. The study area was divided into three major zones i.e. Foot hills, on-shore and off-shore. Groundwater wasencountered at depths of 2.75m on onshore and offshore zones and at 3.65m depth in foothill zone. Laboratory testingi.e. moisture content (12 to 38 %), liquid limit (from 26 to 34), plasticity index (10 to 18) of soil samples indicate thatsoils are low plastic to moderate plastic in nature. Soil samples of granular soils indicate angles of internal friction (ø)varying from 260- 36ºin upper sand layers while 260 to 30º in lower silt layers (encountered after the clay layer) andCohesion ranges 0 to 0.04kg/cm2 in all three zones. Further, unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression tests on aclayey soil sample indicated an undrained cohesion value of 28 kPa. Density values ranges from 1.6 to 2.05gm/cm3.Consolidation (Cv = 0.20 to 0.40 cm2/minute, Cc = 0.149 to 0.17) has been calculated for clay layer. Chemical testscarried out on soil samples indicated that soil and water both are reactive aggressively and may cause corrosion to steeland concrete disintegration

Difficulty breathing or just a case of the nerves? Incidental finding of primary pleural schwannoma in a COVID-19 survivor

Schwannoma is a rare tumor that arises from the Schwann cells, which are specialized, myelin-producing cells of the peripheral nerve sheaths. As anatomic logic would dictate, these masses commonly occur in the skull base, cerebellopontine angle, and posterior spinal roots. Of this already rare entity, rarer still are the pleural schwannomas, representing approximately 1-2% of thoracic tumors. These tumors commonly affect adults with a propensity for the third and sixth decades of life and a comparative male predilection. Schwannomas are benign, indolent, and follow an asymptomatic course. As such, they often come to light incidentally.Here we report a case of primary pleural schwannomas in a 68-year-old female, found incidentally on a CT scan of the chest. To the best of our knowledge and literature review, no other similar case has been reported in our country, Pakistan. Around three weeks before her presentation, she was diagnosed with COVID-19. Her infection had run a mild course with quick recovery without the need for any hospitalization. Therefore, the manifestation of shortness of breath after resolution of all other symptoms prompted a further workup. Radiographic chest x-ray revealed an incidental finding of a large right upper lobe lung mass, slightly impinging on the trachea. This was followed by a chest CT scan at our radiological imaging facility, which showed a large, well-encapsulated, right upper lobe lung mass in the paraspinal apical location. She then underwent an image-guided biopsy of the aforementioned mass, pathological analysis of which was suggestive of a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) arising from the pleura (pleural schwannoma). She underwent right posterolateral thoracotomy with uneventful complete surgical removal of the pleural-based lung mass. Postoperative investigations included a chest x-ray that showed interval complete resection of the mass. Currently, she is asymptomatic and her clinical condition has improved with the successful resumption of her daily routine.Physicians thus need to keep pleural schwannomas in mind as a probable diagnosis of intrathoracic tumors. Indolent and asymptomatic, they are very amenable to surgical resection with little to no chances of recurrence in the long term. However, these patients should be closely followed with repeat imaging studies when symptomatic

Association of Anterior Alveolar Dimensions with Different Sagittal Jaw Relationships

and sagittal jaw relationship. Methodology: This Cross-sectional study took place in Orthodontic Department, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, from August 2018 to January 2019. Patients of both genders ranging in age from 18 to 30 years were included. All the subjects, as per ANB angle, were grouped into three categories as (Class I = value between 1° and 4° for ANB angle), (Class II = value > 5° for ANB angle) and (Class III= value <1° for ANB angle). All the data was recorded in the Performa for the purpose of analysis. Results: A total of 90 patients were studied; their average age was 21.12+3.47 years and 52.2% were females. Mean upper posterior alveolus width was significantly higher in sagittal class II as 12.69 ± 5.52 than in sagittal class I and III p-value 0.058. The mean upper anterior alveolus height was found to be significantly greater in class I and III in contrast to class II p-value 0.028. Mean lower anterior alveolus width was insignificantly related with sagittal classification, p-value 0.343. Mean upper anterior alveolus width and lower posterior alveolus width were insignificantly related to sagittal classification, and the p-value were quite insignificant. Sagittal class II and III were significantly associated with female gender 0.021, while class I was linked to male gender p-value 0.021. Conclusion:  There was a significant association between dimensions of anterior alveolar among different vertical and sagittal jaw association

Chemical profiling and anti-breast cancer potential of hexane fraction of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers

Purpose: The current study aimed to determine the phytochemicals and anti-breast cancer potential of Sphaeranthus indicus.Methods: S. indicus flowers were extracted with methanol followed by fractionation using n-hexane. For the chemical composition of n-hexane fraction, qualitative phytochemical and GC-MS analysis were performed. The anti-proliferative activity was measured by MTT assay, whereas, cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects in MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells were determined using propidium iodide, 4′,6-diamidino- 2-phenylindole, dichlorofluorescin diacetate, and JC-1 staining through fluorescent microscopy.Results: The phytochemical analysis indicated presence of phytosterols, oils and resins in the nhexane fraction. GC-MS analysis showed that n-hexane fraction comprises of 11 compounds including methyl esters of caprylic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and behanic acid. The tested fraction showed remarkable cytotoxic activity against breast cancer (MCF-7) cells while it was found less toxic towards non-cancerous (BHK-21) cells. Furthermore, morphological assessment through fluorescent microscopy revealed cytotoxic and apoptotic effects by improved cell membrane permeability, increased reactive oxygen species level, compromised mitochondrial activity and condensation of chromatin network.Conclusion: The n-hexane fraction of S. indicus contains phytosterols, oils and fatty acid methyl esters and produced apoptotic effect against breast cancer cells