6 research outputs found

    Development of a radio-frequency stimulator for mimicking the geat effect of moxibustion

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    ์˜๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€]๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋œธ์˜ ์—ด์  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋œธ ์ž๊ทน์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์ž๊ทน ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋œธ์€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์น˜์œ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฒดํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ํ™”์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ ๋ฐ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน์˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์ž๊ทน๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ž๊ทน ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„“๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ž๊ทน๋ถ€์œ„์— ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๊ทน์˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ์—ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ถ€์™€ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์ž๊ทน ํ”„๋กœ๋ธŒ๋กœ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ถ€๋Š” 6MHz์˜ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๋Œ€ 340W์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋˜๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์ž๊ทน ํ”„๋กœ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๋œธ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง๊ฒฝ 10mm,15mm, 25mm์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „๊ทน๋“ค์„ ํƒˆ์ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ž๊ทน ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์˜จ๋„ ์ธก์ •์€ ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ํŠน์ •๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 5mm ๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ์‹œํŽธ๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์ฒฉ์‹œ์ผœ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์˜์˜จ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ ์™ธ์„  ์—ด ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๋œ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „๊ทน์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๊ด€๋œธ ๋ฐ ์• ๊ถŒ๋œธ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน์„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 6๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž๊ทน ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€ 5mm ๊นŠ์ด์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.๋œธ๊ณผ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 6๊ฐœ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์—์—ด ์ž๊ทน์„ ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ํ›„ ์˜จ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‹œํŽธ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‹ฌ๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋œธ๊ณผ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน์— ์˜ํ•œ ์˜จ๋„๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน์ด ๋œธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ์—ด ์ž๊ทน ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹คํ—˜์€ ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ ๊ธฐ์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ์„œ ์‹ค์ œ์ƒ์ฒด์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž„์ƒ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋ณด์™„์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์ž„์ƒ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]restrictio

    Repression of pancreatic glucokinase gene transcription by CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ฮฑ(C/EBPฮฑ)

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    Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์ทŒ์žฅํ˜• glucokinase๋Š” ํฌ๋„๋‹น์„ ์ธ์‚ฐํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ์†Œ๋กœ์„œ ํ˜ˆ์ค‘์˜ ํฌ๋„๋‹น ๋†๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ์Š๋ฆฐ์„ ๋ถ„๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ์ทŒ์žฅ ๋ฒ ํƒ€ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ๋†๋„์˜ ํฌ๋„๋‹น์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋ฉด ์ทŒ์žฅ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ์ธ์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด glucokinase ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ๊ณ ๋†๋„์˜ ํฌ๋„๋‹น์— ์˜ํ•ด glucokinase ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  basic leucine zipper ์ „์‚ฌ์ธ์ž์ธ CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ฮฑ(C/EBPฮฑ)์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , C/EBPฮฑ๊ฐ€ glucokinase ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ฐœํ˜„์˜ ์–ต์ œ์ธ์ž๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Glucokinase ์œ ์ „์ž๋‚ด C/EBPฮฑ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ถ€์œ„๋Š” +42/+66๋ถ€์œ„์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋ถ€์œ„๋Š” ์ „์‚ฌ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ธ์ž์ธ peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ฮณ (PPARฮณ) ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ๋ถ€์œ„์™€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒน์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์ „์‚ฌ์ธ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ , ์„ธํฌ ๋‚ด์—์„œ C/EBPฮฑ์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์€ PPARฮณ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋œ glucokinase ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์–ต์ œํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ณ ํฌ๋„๋‹นํ˜ˆ์ฆ (hyperglycemia)์—์„œ glucokinase ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ „์‚ฌํ™œ์„ฑ์ธ์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ C/EBPฮฑ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์‚ฌ์–ต์ œ์ธ์ž์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ์œ ๋„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. -------------------- ํ•ต์‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ง : glucokinase, ์ „์‚ฌ ์กฐ์ ˆ ์ธ์ž, ๊ณ ํฌ๋„๋‹นํ˜ˆ์ฆ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBPฮฑ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ฮณ (PPARฮณ) [์˜๋ฌธ] Glucokinase plays a primary role in the glucose-responsive secretion of insulin. Previous findings indicate that glucokinase transcript decrease progressively with increasing hyperglycemia, in parallel with the impaired functions of the transactivating factors such as islet duodenum homeobox-1 (IDX-1/PDX-1) and Pal-site-binding factors. Here we report that the basic leucine zipper transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBPฮฑ) acts as a repressor of glucokinase gene transcription in conditions of supraphysiologic glucose levels. Moreover, the C/EBPฮฑ expression is increased when INS-1 cells are cultured for 72 hr in high glucose concentration media (25 mM). The rat glucokinase gene promoter contains a consensus binding motif (+42/+66) for C/EBP that binds C/EBPฮฑ and C/EBPฮฒ. The deletions of C/EBP binding site result in a two- or three-fold increase in promoter activity in HIT-T15 and MIN6 cells. Interestingly, the C/EBP binding region overlaps with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ฮณ(PPARฮณ) binding element (PPRE). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicates that C/EBPฮฑ and PPARฮณ/RXRฮฑ compete with each other on the +42/+66 region. Coexpression of pRGP-1003 construct with C/EBPฮฑ or C/EBPฮฒ and/or PPARฮณ/RXRฮฑ expression vectors in CV-1 cells shows that the PPAR-mediated promoter activation inhibits by C/EBPฮฑ only, although C/EBPฮฒ can bind to this region in vitro. In this study, we suggest that C/EBPฮฑ may serve as a transcription factor mediating the repression of glucokinase gene expression under conditions of sustained supraphysiological glucose concentration.prohibitio

    A Understanding Adolescents' Development and Adaption in Single Parent Families: A review of the literature

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