57 research outputs found

    Study on silver oxide embedded transparent multilayer electrodes for semi-transparent solar cell

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„์ด ๋„ํ•‘๋œ ์‚ฐํ™” ์•„์—ฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฐํ™”์€ (AgOx)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํˆฌ๋ช… Oxideโ€“Metalโ€“Oxide (OMO) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ ๋œ ํˆฌ๊ด‘ํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘ ์ „์ง€์˜ ํ›„๋ฉด ์ „๊ทน์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. AgOx OMO ์ „๊ทน์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์€ AgOx ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ๋‘๊ป˜์˜ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. AgOx OMO ์ „๊ทน์€ ์ „๋„๋„์˜ ์†์‹ค์—†์ด ๋†’์€ ํˆฌ๊ณผ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์ฃผ์ž…์€ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์ด Ag-Ag2O ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” 3 sccm์—์„œ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ ํ™” OMO๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ์…€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ํ‰๊ท  ํˆฌ๊ณผ์œจ (500-800 nm ํŒŒ์žฅ๋Œ€, T500-800)์ด 21.9 %์ด๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ (ฮท)์ด 5.48 %์˜€๋‹ค. AgOx ์…€์—์„œ๋Š” figure of merit (ฮท๊ณผ T500-800์˜ ๊ณฑ)๊ฐ€ Ag ์…€์˜ 103.5 %์—์„œ 120.0 %๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ธˆ์† ์ธต ๋‘๊ป˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Ag ๋ฐ AgOx OMO๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 6 nm์˜ AgOx๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” OMO๋Š” 6 nm์˜ Ag๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” OMO๋ณด๋‹ค ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ฉด์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฐ ํˆฌ๊ณผ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์ฃผ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋œ AgOx ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์— ์˜ํ•ด percolation์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ž„๊ณ„ ๋‘๊ป˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ AgOx OMO ์…€์€ T500-800์ด 27.8 %, ฮท๊ฐ€ 5.07 %๋กœ, FOM์ด Ag์— ๋น„ํ•ด 104.6 %์—์„œ 140.8 %๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ AgOx OMO ์ „๊ทน์€ ๋†’์€ ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋†’์€ ์ „๋„์„ฑ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” BIPV window ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด‘ํ•™ ์žฅ์น˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.|In this study, we demonstrated a transparent oxide-metal-oxide (OMO) structure using aluminum-doped zinc oxide and oxidized silver (AgOx) and applied it as a rear electrode of a semi-transparent solar cell fabricated with silicon thin film. The characteristics of AgOx OMO were analyzed as function of oxygen addition and thickness of AgOx thin film. The oxygen addition was optimized at 3 sccm for a Ag-to-Ag2O intermediate-phase AgOx OMO to have high transparency without considerable loss in conductivity. The performance of the cell with the optimized OMO showed average transmittance (500-800 nm wavelength, T500-800) of 21.9 % and efficiency (ฮท) of 5.48 %. The AgOx cell resulted an improvement to 120.0 % from 103.5 % of Ag OMO in figure of merit (product of ฮท and T500-800). Based on the optimized oxygen flow rate, Ag and AgOx OMO was fabricated with the varying metal layer thickness, and the OMO with 6 nm of AgOx showed excellent sheet resistance and transmittance than OMO with 6 nm of Ag. This was caused by a decrease in the critical thickness of percolation due to the AgOx thin films with surface energy changed by oxygen introduction. The optimized AgOx OMO cell showed highest T500-800 of 27.8 % and ฮท of 5.07 % and improved FOM to 140.8 % from 104.6 %. The developed AgOx OMO electrodes could be used in BIPV windows or in other optical devices requiring both high transparency and high conductivity.List of Tables โ…ฒ List of Figures โ…ณ Abstract โ…ถ ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 2.1 OMO ์ „๊ทน์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ํŠน์„ฑ 2.1.1 Ag ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 4 2.1.2 AgOx ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 8 2.2 ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€ 2.2.1 ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ด๋ก  6 2.2.2 ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ์ž‘๋™์›๋ฆฌ 8 2.3 Building Integrated Photovoltaics 9 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3.1 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ์ฆ์ฐฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3.1.1 OMO ํˆฌ๋ช…์ „๊ทน์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ 11 3.1.2 ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ 14 3.2 ๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ํŠน์„ฑ ์ธก์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3.2.1 X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) 16 3.2.2 Ellipsometry 16 3.2.3 Atomic Force Microscopy 16 3.3 ๋‹ค์ธต ํˆฌ๋ช…์ „๊ทน ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3.3.1 ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํŠน์„ฑ 18 3.3.2 ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ 18 3.4 ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 3.4.1 ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ํšจ์œจ๋ถ„์„ 19 3.4.2 ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ 22 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 4.1 ์‚ฐ์†Œ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ Ag, AgOx OMO ์ „๊ทน 4.1.1 OMO ์ „๊ทน์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ , ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 23 4.1.2 Ag, AgOx ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 25 4.1.3 Ag, AgOx OMO๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 28 4.2 ๊ธˆ์† ์ธต ๋‘๊ป˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ Ag, AgOx OMO ์ „๊ทน 4.2.1 OMO ์ „๊ทน์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์ , ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 33 4.2.2 Ag, AgOx ๋ฐ•๋ง‰์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 39 4.2.3 Ag, AgOx OMO๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 44 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  49 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ 51Maste

    ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ•ยท๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œยท๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ–‰์ •๋Œ€ํ•™์› ํ–‰์ •ํ•™๊ณผ(ํ–‰์ •ํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2023. 2. ๊น€์ค€๊ธฐ.Korea has a unique form of government with a prime minister even though it is a presidential system. Regarding the role and authority of the prime minister in the Korean Constitution, the prime ministers role is assisting the president, the authority to control the administration as the second person in state affairs, and the right to recommend appointment and dismissal of state members as vice chairmen of the State Council. Despite these constitutional provisions, previous president in Korea had selected Cabinet members, and controlled the executive branch without the prime ministers opinion. Because it was operated without actual authority, there was a discrepancy between authority and responsibility Also, the president tended to rely on not prime minister but the president's secretary's office when deciding policies. Accordingly, there is criticism that the prime minister's use of state administration was insufficient to the extent that the words "Ceremony prime Minister" and "Bulletproof Prime Minister" were coined even though the prime minister was the second person in state affairs under the constitutional regulations. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively and empirically verify these criticisms through a long-term analysis of the schedule of prime ministers, to find out what kind of work the prime minister is actual role, and what the implications of the current presidential system in Korea are. This study targeted the entire official schedule of the Prime Minister of the Lee Myung-bak, Park Geun-hye, and Moon Jae-in governments (Han Seung-soo, Jung Un-chan, Kim Hwang-sik, Jung Hong-won, Lee Wan-gu, Hwang Kyo-ahn, Lee Nak-yeon, Jeong Sye-kyun, Kim Boo-kyum, etc.) for about 15 years. A total of 7,693 schedules were analyzed from the inauguration of Prime Minister Han Seung-soo, the first prime minister of the Lee Myung Bak government in 2008, to the resignation of Prime Minister Kim Boo-kyum, the last prime minister of the Moon Jae-in government in 2022. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that the prime minister of the Lee Myung-bak, Park Geun-hye, and Moon Jae-in government faithfully performed the role of the prime minister under Article 86 of the Constitution. Of course, there were some differences between government periods depending on the president's views on the role of prime minister and the state of affairs, but it was difficult to say that the difference only focused on specific tasks, ignoring other roles. Second, it can be seen that the role of the prime minister changes significantly according to the president's view of the prime minister. For example, Prime Minister Han Seung-soo, the first prime minister of the Lee Myung Bakn government, who emphasized resource diplomacy and reduced administrative control and greatly reduced the organization of the prime minister's office, increased his role as a presidential aide, and his schedule for overseas personnel interviews and visits was the highest compared to that of other prime ministers. On the other hand, during the Park Geun-hye and Moon Jae-in administrations, which emphasized the responsible prime minister system, the proportion of roles as an institution that controls each administrative branch increased. Considering these results, it can be seen that the role of the prime minister depends greatly on how the president perceives the prime minister. Third, it can be seen that the role of the prime minister in the administrative branch is greatly emphasized in the situation of the national crisis. In the event of a national crisis such as the 2014 Ferry Sewol accident, the MERS outbreak in 2015, and the spread of COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021, the president initially prepared countermeasures and announced major countermeasures, but the prime minister has been in charge of continuous management of the problem. In particular, the role of the prime minister to cover various ministries is emphasized in this situation because there are many Wicked problems in modern society, and various ministries must cooperate and solve problems that can be solved independently. This study was studied based on official schedule data of the Prime Minister of Korea, and unlike previous studies, the actual role of the Prime Minister was revealed by conducting an analysis based on a large number of data over a long period of time. It was also an opportunity to think about whether the prime minister's authority stipulated by the Constitution was well used in reality. However, due to the nature of the schedule analysis, it was difficult to observe the role change according to the individual characteristics of the Prime Minister. There may be differences in the way the Prime Minister performs his/her duties or orders, but there was a limit to observing this through statistical analysis of the schedule. In addition, it was not possible to analyze the change in the proportion of work according to time changes during schedule analysis by performing frequency analysis rather than time analysis. In order to know the details of the Prime Minister's work in more detail, it was also necessary to make efforts to specify the classification standards a little more in setting certain classification standards. Finally, in conducting schedule analysis, it is necessary to enhance efforts to exclude the subjective value intervention of researchers by not only analyzing them directly but also preparing various supplementary methods.์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ •๋ถ€ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ๋ณด์ขŒํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ•  ๋ฐ ๊ตญ์ •์˜ ์ œ2์ธ์ž๋กœ์„œ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ถŒํ•œ, ๊ตญ๋ฌดํšŒ์˜ ๋ถ€์˜์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์œ„์›์˜ ์ž„๋ช… ์ œ์ฒญ๊ถŒยทํ•ด์ž„ ๊ฑด์˜๊ถŒ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐํ•ญ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๊ตญ๋ฌด์œ„์›์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ œ์ฒญํ•ด์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ–‰์ • ๊ฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ• ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์—†์ด ์šด์˜๋˜๋‹ค ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ถŒํ•œ๊ณผ ์ฑ…์ž„์˜ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๋น„์„œ์‹ค์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์— ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์ •์ƒ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ์ •์˜ ์ œ2์ธ์ž์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์ „์ด๋ฆฌ, ๋ฐฉํƒ„์ด๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตญ์ •์šด์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธํกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์—์„œ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•จ์˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•ฝ 15๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ•ยท๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œยท๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ(ํ•œ์Šน์ˆ˜, ์ •์šด์ฐฌ, ๊น€ํ™ฉ์‹, ์ •ํ™์›, ์ด์™„๊ตฌ, ํ™ฉ๊ต์•ˆ, ์ด๋‚™์—ฐ, ์ •์„ธ๊ท , ๊น€๋ถ€๊ฒธ ๋“ฑ)์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๊ณต์‹ ์ผ์ •์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2008๋…„ ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ• ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ฒซ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์ธ ํ•œ์Šน์ˆ˜ ์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ทจ์ž„์‹๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2022๋…„ ๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์ธ ๊น€๋ถ€๊ฒธ ์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด์ž„์‹๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด 7,694๊ฑด์˜ ์ผ์ •์„ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€์œ„ ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฌด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ•ยท๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œยท๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ์ œ86์กฐ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ๋ณด์ขŒํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ–‰์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๋ช…์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ํ–‰์ • ๊ฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ• ํ•œ๋‹ค.์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ถฉ์‹คํžˆ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฌํ•ด, ๊ตญ์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ •๋ถ€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ญํ• ์€ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ ์ฑ„ ํŠน์ • ์—…๋ฌด๋งŒ์„ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒํ™ฉ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜€์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์—ญํ• ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์›์™ธ๊ตํ˜• ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰์ • ํ†ตํ•  ๊ถŒํ•œ์€ ์ถ•์†Œ์‹œํ‚ด๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์‹ค ์กฐ์ง ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋„ ๋Œ€ํญ ์ค„์˜€๋˜ ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ• ์ •๋ถ€ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ ์ด๋ฆฌ์ธ ํ•œ์Šน์ˆ˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๋ณด์ขŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ•  ๋น„์ค‘์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด์™ธ์ธ์‚ฌ ์ ‘๊ฒฌ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์™ธ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ •์ด ์ „์ฒด ์ผ์ •์—์„œ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์ค‘์ด ๋ถ„์„๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋ฆฌ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œยท๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€ ์‹œ์ ˆ ํ–‰์ • ๊ฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์—ญํ•  ๋น„์ค‘์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ขŒ์šฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์œ„๊ธฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰์ • ๊ฐ๋ถ€ ํ†ตํ•  ์—ญํ• ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2014๋…„ ์„ธ์›”ํ˜ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ , 2015๋…„์—๋Š” ๋ฉ”๋ฅด์Šค ์‚ฌํƒœ, 2020๋…„๊ณผ 2021๋…„ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ํ™•์‚ฐ ๋“ฑ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์œ„๊ธฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์š” ๋Œ€์‘์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ดํ›„ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งก์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์•…ํ•œ(Wicked) ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ๋…์ž์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ€์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ ์†์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ”๋ถ€์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ด„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ด ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต์‹ ์ผ์ • ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณ„ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—ญํ•  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—…๋ฌด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์—…๋ฌด ์ง€์‹œ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜, ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„(time) ๋ถ„์„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋นˆ๋„(frequency)๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ์ •๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์—…๋ฌด ๋น„์ค‘ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋”์šฑ ์ž์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€ ์„ค์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ณด์™„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๊ฐœ์ž…์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ œ๊ณ ๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  9 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  9 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 10 ์ œ3์ ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 15 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  16 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์ •๋ถ€ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๊ตํ–‰์ •๋ก ์  ๋ถ„์„ 16 1. ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ 16 2. ์˜์›๋‚ด๊ฐ์ œ 23 3. ์ด์›์ง‘์ •๋ถ€์ œ 30 4. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ๋ก  38 ์ œ2์ ˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์™€ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„ ๊ฐœ๊ด€ 39 1. ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์ง€์œ„์™€ ๊ถŒํ•œ 39 2. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€์œ„์™€ ๊ถŒํ•œ 41 3. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ๋ก  43 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์ œ๋„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ 45 1. ์ œ1๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ 45 2. ์ œ2๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ 47 3. ์ œ3ยท4๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ 48 4. ์ œ5๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ 52 5. ์ œ6๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ 55 6. ๊น€์˜์‚ผ ์ •๋ถ€ 57 7. ๊น€๋Œ€์ค‘ ์ •๋ถ€ 59 8. ๋…ธ๋ฌดํ˜„ ์ •๋ถ€ 61 9. ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ• ์ •๋ถ€ 63 10. ๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œ ์ •๋ถ€ 64 11. ๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€ 67 12. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ๋ก  68 ์ œ4์ ˆ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  70 1. ๊น€๋Œ€์ค‘ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์ผ์ •ํ‘œ ๋ถ„์„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 70 2. ๊น€ํ™ฉ์‹ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ •ํ‘œ ๋ถ„์„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 71 3. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์กฐ์ •ํ™œ๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 73 4. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 74 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ 76 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ œ ์„ ์ • ๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€ 76 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ผ์ •๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ณ„ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ผ์ • 80 1. ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ 80 2. ์ง€์œ„ ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ 81 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๊ฒ€์ • 82 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 83 ์ œ1์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 83 1. ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ• ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 83 2. ๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 90 3. ๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 4. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ข…ํ•ฉ 101 5. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ๋ณ„ ์ฐจ์ด์  ๋ถ„์„ ์š”์•ฝ 103 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ด๋ช…๋ฐ•ยท๋ฐ•๊ทผํ˜œยท๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•ฝ 15๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ผ์ • ๋ณ€ํ™” 106 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์†Œ๊ฒฐ๋ก  109 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  111 ์ œ1์ ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์ด๋ฆฌ ์‹ค์ œ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์˜ 111 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜ ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„ 113 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 116 Abstract 118์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 2. ๊น€์ฃผ์„ฑ.์„œ๋ก : ๋Œ€์žฅ์—์„œ ์นดํ•  ๊ฐ„์งˆ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋…ธํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„๋ฐ” ์—†๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋…ธ๋ น ์ฅ ๋Œ€์žฅ ๊ทผ์ธต์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ์นดํ•  ๊ฐ„์งˆ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ธ์„ฑ ์ผ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํšจ์†Œ(nNOS) ์–‘์„ฑ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋…ธํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: 6 ์ฃผ๋ น, 31 ์ฃผ๋ น, 74 ์ฃผ๋ น, 2 ๋…„๋ น F344 ์ฅ์˜ ๊ทผ์œ„๋ถ€ ๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ์‹คํ—˜์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. C-Kit, nNOS ๋ฐ synaptophysin ๋ฉด์—ญํ™”ํ•™์—ผ์ƒ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋…ธํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์นดํ•  ๊ฐ„์งˆ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์žฅ ๊ทผ์ธต ๋‚ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ถ„ํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ real-time PCR ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ c-kit, SCF(stem cell factor)๋ฐ nNOS ์˜ mRNA ๋ฅผ Western blot ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ c-Kit, nNOS ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋…ธํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ฐ ์ฃผ๋ น๋ณ„๋กœ ๋“ฑ์šฉ์„ฑ ๊ทผ์ˆ˜์ถ•๋ ฅ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๊ทน์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ทผ์ˆ˜์ถ•์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ๊ทผ์œ„๋ถ€ ๋Œ€์žฅ ๊ทผ์œก ๋‚ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ถ•์ ์ด 31 ์ฃผ๋ น ์ดํ›„, ๋…ธํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฉด์—ญ ์—ผ์ƒ‰ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ c-Kit ์–‘์„ฑ ์นดํ•  ๊ฐ„์งˆ์„ธํฌ๋ฐ nNOS ์–‘์„ฑ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ฌ์œ  ์—ญ์‹œ ์ฃผ๋ น์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. c-kit ๋ฐ nNOS ์˜ mRNA ์™€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ๋„ ์ฃผ๋ น์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฐœ์  ๊ทผ์ˆ˜์ถ•๋ ฅ์€ ๋…ธ๋ น ์ฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, atropine ๋ฐ L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester ํˆฌ์—ฌ ํ›„ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ๋…ธ๋ น ์ฅ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก : ๋…ธ๋ น ์ฅ ๋Œ€์žฅ ๊ทผ์ธต ๋‚ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ถ•์ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์นดํ•  ๊ฐ„์งˆ ์„ธํฌ๋ฐ nNOS ์–‘์„ฑ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ธํฌ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ฌ์œ ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋…ธํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋Œ€์žฅ ์šด๋™ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.Introduction: Little is known about the time-course of aging on interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) of colon. The aim of this study was to investigate the change of morphology, ICC and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunoreactive cells in the aged rat. Methods: The proximal colon of 344 Fischer rats at four different ages (6, 31, 74 weeks, and 2 years) were studied. The immunoreactivity of c-Kit, nNOS, anti-protein gene product 9.5(PGP 9.5) and synaptophysin were counted after immunohistochemistry. The c-kit, SCF (stem cell factorligand of Kit) and nNOS mRNA were measured by real-time PCR. c- Kit and nNOS protein were assessed by Western blot. Isovolumetric contractile force measurement and electrical field stimulation (EFS) were conducted. Results: The area of intramuscular fat deposition significantly increased with age after 31 weeks. c-Kit immunoreactive ICC and nNOS immunoreactive neurons and nerve fibers significantly declined with age. mRNA and protein expression of c-kit and nNOS decreased with aging. The functional study showed that the spontaneous contractility was decreased in aged rat, whereas EFS responses to atropine and L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester were increased in aged rat. Conclusions: In conclusion, the decrease of proportion of proper smooth muscle, the density of ICC and nNOS immunoreactive neuronal fibers and the number of nNOS immunoreactive neurons during the aging process may explain the aging associated colonic dysmotility.Abstract ....................................................................i Contents .................................................................. iii List of figures............................................................. iv List of abbreviations ................................................... v Introduction ............................................................... 1 Material and Methods ................................................. 4 Results ..................................................................... 13 Discussion ................................................................ 19 References ................................................................ 26 Abstract in Korean ...................................................... 33 Figures ..................................................................... 35Docto

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