Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Adjacent to the Hypoglossal Canal Presenting with Isolated Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy

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Beneficial Effects of Stroke-Unit Care in Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

PURPOSE: Continuous cardiac monitoring in a stroke unit (SU) may improve detection of atrial fibrillation (AF), and SU care may improve the rate of anticoagulation by better adherence to a standardized treatment protocol in patients with AF. We investigated the effects of the SU on the detection of AF and the rate of warfarin therapy in patients with AF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acute stroke patients who had been admitted before or after the opening of the SU were included in our study. SU patients were monitored continuously with electrocardiography. Rates of AF and warfarin therapy were compared between patients admitted to the SU (SU group) and those admitted to the general ward (GW) prior to the opening of the SU (GW group). RESULTS: Total 951 patients had been admitted to the GW prior to the opening of the SU (from January 2000 to November 2002), and 2349 patients to the SU (from January 2003 to December 2008). AF was found in 149 patients (15.7%) in the GW group and in 487 (20.7%) in the SU group. Most of AF detected during admission was paroxysmal AF (84.8%). The frequency of newly detected AF was higher in the SU group than the GW group (2.5% vs. 0.7%, p=0.001). The rate of anticoagulation consideration was also higher in the SU group. CONCLUSION: SU care improved the detection of AF and the rate of anticoagulation consideration in acute stroke patients. Our findings support the benefits of continuous cardiac monitoring in the SU for stroke patients.ope

Decision-Making Support Using a Standardized Script and Visual Decision Aid to Reduce Door-to-Needle Time in Stroke.

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머신비전검사를위한고급광학이미징기술

학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공과대학 전기·정보공학부, 2024. 8. 정윤찬.As the consumer products market continues to evolve, consumer expectations are rising, resulting in a noticeable evolution in product functionality, performance, appearance, and shape. These changes are emphasizing the importance of product inspection technology, as the appearance of a product increasingly influences consumer purchasing decisions. Compared to traditional manual inspection methods, automated inspection methods using optical imaging technologies can make this process much more efficient and accurate. Optical imaging technologies create high-quality images of objects to accurately detect defects in products. These techniques can quickly identify defects such as scratches, color inconsistencies, and deformations, which is essential for ensuring consistent product quality. It is also non-contact, so inspections can be performed without physically damaging the product. Optical imaging technologies help manufacturers produce higher quality products and reduce the cost of defects. However, as product specifications improve, the optical imaging technologies required for inspection face many challenges. This dissertation focuses on three main research topics among the optical imaging technologies required for machine vision inspection. The first study is a method for generating high-resolution images in spiral interferometry, which can image transparent and translucent objects. This method obtains high-resolution images using multi-channel fringe patterns. The second research topic is image transformation methods to improve the degradation of defect detection near the edges of objects with complex shapes. This method can overcome the limitations of gradient-based anomaly detection algorithms and improve the ability to detect defects. The final study is the creation of a uniform imaging environment for objects with specular reflections using a dome light, a coaxial light, and a cube beam splitter. This method can minimize noise caused by disturbances to increase the accuracy of machine vision inspection. The methods proposed in this dissertation will improve the accuracy of inspection systems and enable rapid detection of various defects, thus contributing to shorter product development cycles and facilitating the automation of manufacturing processes. Significant advances will lead to revolutionary improvements in product quality control and inspection processes. These advances are expected to have a profound impact on product quality, consumer satisfaction, and manufacturer competitiveness.소비재 시장이 계속 진화하고 소비자의 기대치가 높아지면서 제품의 기능, 성능, 외관 및 형태가 눈에 띄게 진화하고 있다. 이러한 변화로 제품의 외 관이 소비자의 구매 결정에 점점 더 많은 영향을 미치면서 제품 검사 기술의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 기존의 수동 검사 방식에 비해 광학 이미징 기술을 이용한 자동화된 검사 방식은 이 과정을 훨씬 더 효율적이고 정확하게 수행할 수 있다. 광학 이미징 기술은 물체의 고품질 이미지를 생성하여 제품의 결함을 정확하게 감지한다. 이러한 기술은 스크래치, 색상 불일치, 변형과 같은 결함을 빠르게 식별할 수 있어 일관된 제품 품질을 보장하는 데 필수적이다. 또한 비접촉식이기 때문에 제품을 물리적으로 손상시키지 않고도 검사를 수행할 수 있다. 광학 이미징 기술은 제조업체가 더 높은 품질의 제품을 생산하고 결함으로 인한 비용을 줄이는 데 도움이 된다. 그러나 제품 사양이 향상됨에 따라 검사에 필요한 광학 이미징 기술은 많은 도전에 직면해 있다. 본 논문은 머신 비전 검사에 필요한 광학 이미징 기술 중 세 가지 주요 연구 주제에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 첫 번째 연구는 나선형 간섭계에서 고해상도 이미지를 생성하는 방법으로, 투명 및 반투명 물체를 이미지화할 수 있다. 이 방법은 다채널의 프린지 패턴을 사용하여 고해상도 이미지를 얻는다. 두 번째 연구 주제는 복잡한 형상을 가진 물체의 형상 부근 결함 검출 성능 저하를 개선하기 위한 이미지 변환 방법이다. 이 방법은 그래디언트 영상 기반 이상 검출 알고리즘의 한계를 극복하고 결함 검출 능력을 향상시킬 수 있다. 마지막 연구는 돔 조명, 동축 조명, 큐브 빔 스플리터를 사용하여 정반사가 있는 물체에 대한 균일한 이미징 환경을 조성하는 것이다. 이 방법은 외란으로 인한 노이즈를 최소화하여 머신비전 검사의 정확도를 높일 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 검사 시스템의 정확도를 높이고 다양한 결함을 빠르게 검출할 수 있어 제품 개발 주기를 단축하고 제조 공정의 자동화를 촉진하는 데 기여할 것이다. 이러한 획기적인 발전은 제품 품질 관리 및 검사 프로세스의 획기적인 개선으로 이어질 것이다. 또한, 이러한 발전은 제품 품질, 소비자 만족도, 제조업체 경쟁력에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다.Abstract i Contents iii List of Tables vii List of Figures viii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Machine vision inspection in consumer products 1 1.2 Changes in consumer products from an optical imaging perspec- tive 3 1.2.1 Colors: Unusual Colors, Mirror-like Reflectivity, Trans- parency and Translucency, Gradation . 3 1.2.2 Shapes: Round, Complex 4 1.2.3 Materials: Glass, Aluminum, Titanium . 5 1.2.4 Sizes: Microcomponents, Ultra-thin glass, Microdefects 6 1.3 The role of optical imaging technology in machine vision in- spection 7 1.4 Technologies discussed in this dissertation 9 2 Super-resolution spiral interferometry for the inspection of trans- parent and translucent objects 11 2.1 Introduction . 11 2.1.1 Overview of spiral interferometry 12 iii 2.1.2 Optical properties of spiral interferometry 13 2.2 Principle 1: Super-resolution based number-theoretical phase unwrapping applicable to 2D spiral interferograms . 16 2.2.1 Overview of phase unwrapping for spiral interferograms 16 2.2.2 Related work 18 2.2.3 Proposed method 22 2.2.4 Simulations and experiments 30 2.3 Principle 2: Deep learning based volumetric super-resolution method for 3D reconstruction of spiral interferograms 36 2.3.1 Related work 36 2.3.2 Proposed method 38 2.3.3 Simulations and experiments 44 2.3.4 Discussion 47 2.4 Conclusion . 48 3 Geometric image transformation for inspection of complex object boundaries 50 3.1 Introduction . 50 3.2 Related work 51 3.2.1 Anomaly detection using the image subtraction method . 51 3.2.2 Anomaly detection using the gradient image method 52 3.2.3 Challenges of the gradient image method 53 3.3 Principle 55 3.3.1 Boundary extraction, boundary thinning, and 1D bound- ary array generation . 56 3.3.2 Normal vector calculation of the boundary . 57 iv 3.3.3 Image transformation of curved boundary area into straight line image . 58 3.3.4 Anomaly detection using SITM . 59 3.4 Experiments . 59 3.5 Conclusion . 63 4 Optical design method for uniform imaging environment of specular objects 64 4.1 Introduction . 64 4.2 Principle 1: Dome and coaxial light method 67 4.2.1 Concept of precise optical design method using dome and coaxial light 67 4.2.2 Predefine optical parameters for precision optical design 68 4.2.3 Precision optical design for a uniform imaging environ- ment 70 4.2.4 Simulations and experiments 75 4.3 Principle 2: Dome light and cube BS method . 81 4.3.1 Challenge of dome and coaxial light method 82 4.3.2 Total internal reflection of the cube BS 84 4.3.3 Optical system configuration for dome light and cube BS method 87 4.3.4 Predefine optical parameters for precision optical design 88 4.3.5 Precision optical design for a uniform imaging environ- ment 88 4.3.6 Implementation . 92 4.3.7 Simulations and experiments 92 v 4.3.8 Volumetric comparison between coaxial light method and cube BS method . 96 4.4 Conclusion . 98 5 Conclusion 100 Appendix 116 초록 117 vi박

Systematical Classification Scheme Management to provide efficient National R&D Service in P2P

It is necessary to systematically classify and manage contents in various fields for systematic management, accurate analysis and efficient service of national R&D information in P2P. However, it is not fully applied to the current national R&D information related services in P2P. This study aims to analyze the NSSTCS (National Standard Science and Technology Classification Scheme) which is a current standard classification system under the national science and technology knowledge information service and classification systems under national R&D project management authorities in P2P, to find schemes for interconnection as a system, and to develop a scheme for history management of each classification or of executing it through a system. Such system-based management for national R&D information classification systems will contribute to facilitating easy management and systematic provision of explosively increasing information in various fields as well as R&D information. It is also expected that this result will contribute to provide significant services which are not provided currently to users in P2P

A Study of Android Malware Detection Techniques in Virtual Environment

With the rapid development of mobile environment, cyber-attacks have become more commonplace and more sophisticated. In smartphone operating system market, in particular, Android platform accounts for a large portion (65% or higher).At the same time, malwares on the Android platform, has increased exponentially. This, such as mobile Internet Service Provider(ISP) operator and device manufacturers, have applied an anti-virus product. However, there exhibit a high false-positive rate to detect malwares because these are based on patterns or heuristic.To solve this problem, this study proposed and implemented Android malware detection techniques in virtual environment, using single physical machine. The proposed system is divided into a host system and virtual environment. The former features black market crawler designed to collect malware, hypervisor targeted for the communication and control of virtual machine and host machine and main module which transmits analysis file & result log to each system.In virtual environment, agent and emulator were implemented to analyze malware-suspicious application.This study implemented more active and faster Android malware detection techniques through black market crawling and Linux kernel-hooking mechanism.

Study on the Flutter Prediction of the Miniature Guided-bullet Control Surface System

Miniature guided-bullet is an advanced military technology of developing guided missile which is designed to hit a target precisely while having easily carriable miniature size. A key issue of developing such system involves size reduction of the original guided missile system, and this in turn arouses stiffness issue regarding small and thin sized control surface. In this study, procedures on how to calculate the critical flutter speed of special type of control surface with the change of its dimension or material property is arranged. During this procedure, design parameters related to critical flutter speed are abridged to help preliminary design of similar structure even faster than time-consuming, and cumbersome computer analysis.

Recent Status on Miniature Smart-bullet Techniques

초소형 스마트탄은 탄도를 수정하여 손쉽게 목표물을 타격할 수 있도록 고안된 개인 휴대용 유도미사일이다. 초소형 스마트탄은 유도미사일에 준하는 기능을 수행하는데 반하여 그 크기가 일반 병사들이 쉽게 휴대할 수 있도록 축소됨으로써 아군의 전력과 생존율을 크게 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 논문에서는 초소형 스마트탄의 탄도수정을 위해 사용된 구동장치를 중심으로 해외에서 선행된 기술개발 사례와 특허들을 수집해 보았다. 이를 바탕으로 초소형 스마트탄의 개발을 위한 소요기술들을 분석해 보고, 추후 개념설계를 위한 초석을 마련하였다

Cortex-sparing infarctions in patients with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery

BACKGROUND: In patients with a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, the involvement of the cortex may be affected by the presence of leptomeningeal anastomoses between the cerebral arteries. METHODS: The authors enrolled consecutive patients with acute infarctions in the MCA territory and MCA occlusion on angiographic studies. Infarct patterns were classified into three categories based on the extent of cortical surface involvement: total cortex (TC), partial cortex (PC) and no cortex (NC). The authors analysed the infarction patterns by stroke subtype, and investigated factors that resulted in cortex sparing. RESULTS: Out of 73 total patients, cortex-sparing infarctions were seen in 53 patients (72.6%, NC in 39 (53.5%) and PC in 14 (19.1%)). The extent of cortical involvement differed according to stroke subtype (p=0.036). TC was more frequent (42.9% vs 22.2%), and PC was less frequent (10.7% vs 27.9%, p=0.037) in cardioembolism than large-artery atherosclerosis. However, the proportion of patients with complete cortical sparing (NC) was similar between cardioembolism and large-artery atherosclerosis (46.4% vs 49.9%). In the upstream of leptomeningeal collateral arteries, the extent of cortical involvement was associated with significant stenosis of the ipsilateral anterior or posterior cerebral artery (p=0.011). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that pre-existing arteriolar connections, which may cover almost entire cortical surfaces of the MCA territory, exist in many patients. The findings also suggest that the extent of cortical involvement is different between stroke subtypes, and is critically affected by the status of upstream collateral arteries.ope