40 research outputs found

    Interturn Fault Diagnosis in Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Negative-Sequence Impedance

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    Fault diagnosis is important due to the increasing demand of using interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs). In particular, an interturn fault is one of the most frequent electrical faults in IPMSMs. This paper proposes a fault indicator for diagnosis of interturn faults in IPMSMs. The fault indicator is developed by negative-sequence impedance. The effectiveness of the fault indicator to diagnose interturn faults was verified through various fault conditions.11Yscopuskc

    Demagnetization Fault Diagnosis in IPMSM Using Linear Interpolation

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    This paper proposes a demagnetization fault diagnosis method for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors(IPMSMs). In particular, a demagnetization fault is one of the most frequent electrical faults in IPMSMs. This paper proposes an estimation method for permanent magnet flux. The method is based on linear interpolation. The effectiveness of the proposed method for diagnose demagnetization faults is verified through various operating conditions by finite element simulation.11Yscopuskc

    집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ μˆ˜μ—… 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(박사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ μˆ˜ν•™κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό,2019. 8. 이경화.μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™κ³Ό μ°½μ˜μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ  관점이 κ°•μ‘°λ˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ—λ„, μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ  관점에 κ·Όκ±°ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™κ³Ό μ°½μ˜μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ ꡬ체적인 λ…Όμ˜λŠ” 아직 이루어지지 λͺ»ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 특히, μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 집단 ꡬ성과 집단 λ‚΄ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ΄ κ°•μ‘°λ˜κ³  μžˆμŒμ—λ„, μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ— μ˜ν•œ ꡐ윑적 νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” κ·Έλ™μ•ˆ κ°œμΈμ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ‘” λ…Όμ˜κ°€ μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ–΄ μ™”λ‹€. μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ— μ˜ν•œ μ°½μ˜μ„± ꡐ윑 μ—­μ‹œ 개인의 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ 두고 μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ  κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ°½μ˜μ„±κ³Ό μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ˜ μ˜λ―Έμ™€ νŠΉμ§•μ„ ν™•μΈν•œ λ’€, 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ„€κ³„ν•˜κ³  μ„€κ³„λœ μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ μ‹€ν–‰κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ°œν˜„λ˜λŠ” 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ„ λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 개발 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬, μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„, κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜, νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„μ˜ 단계에 λ§žμΆ”μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 섀계 및 μ‹€ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„ λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±κ³Ό μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ— λŒ€ν•œ 선행연ꡬ 뢄석을 톡해 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± λ°œν˜„ λͺ¨λΈμ„ μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³ , 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ λ°©μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œμ¨ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ˜ νŠΉμ§•μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ μˆ˜μ—… μ„€κ³„μ˜ μ›λ¦¬λ‘œ 학생과 ꡐ사, κ³Όμ œμ™€ ν™œλ™μ§€, μˆ˜μ—… ν™˜κ²½μ˜ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ 총 μ—¬μ„― 가지 원리가 λ„μΆœλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 이후 μ—¬μ„― 가지 원리λ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ„€κ³„ν•œ λ’€, μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가λ₯Ό 거쳐 μ„€κ³„λœ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μˆ˜μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ„€κ³„λœ μˆ˜μ—…μ—λŠ” μˆ˜μ—…μ„€κ³„μ•ˆκ³Ό λ”λΆˆμ–΄ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ κ³Όμ œμ™€ ν™œλ™μ§€, 집단 ꡬ성 및 역할뢄담을 μœ„ν•œ 섀문지, κ΅μ‚¬μ§€λ„μ•ˆμ˜ κ΅μˆ˜β€€ν•™μŠ΅ μžλ£Œκ°€ ν¬ν•¨λœλ‹€. κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„ λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œ μ„€κ³„λœ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ‹€ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 초기 κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜κ³Ό ν›„κΈ° κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ μ‹€ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, 초기 κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„ λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œ μ„€κ³„λœ μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ 반볡적인 μ‹€ν–‰κ³Ό μˆ˜μ •μ΄ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€. ν›„κΈ° κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜μ—μ„œλŠ” 초기 κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 톡해 μˆ˜μ •λœ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ‹€ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ°œν˜„λ˜λŠ” 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ„ κ΄€μ°°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ˜ 단계와 μ§‘λ‹¨λ³„λ‘œ μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μœ ν˜•μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©κ³Ό 창의적 μ‹œλ„ˆμ§€κ°€ κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ , κ·Έ 원인을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 특히, ν™•μž₯된 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ΄ λ°œν˜„λœ 사둀와 그렇지 μ•Šμ€ 사둀λ₯Ό 각각 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜μ—¬ ν™•μž₯된 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± λ°œν˜„μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μš”κ΅¬λ˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ—… 섀계 λ°©μ•ˆμ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν™•μž₯된 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ΄ λ°œν˜„λœ μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ 경우, μƒν˜Έλ³΄μ™„μ , κ°ˆλ“± 기반, 메타인지적 μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ΄ λͺ¨λ‘ κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°, μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ μœ λ„ν•˜λŠ” κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μ μ ˆν•œ μ•ˆλ‚΄μ™€ 집단 κ΅¬μ„±μ›μ˜ μ—­ν• λΆ„λ‹΄ μˆ˜ν–‰μ΄ 잘 이루어짐을 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 그렇지 μ•Šμ€ 경우, 메타인지적 μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ΄ κ΄€μ°°λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μœΌλ©°, μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ μœ λ„ν•˜λŠ” κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μ•ˆλ‚΄μ™€ κ΅¬μ„±μ›μ˜ μ—­ν• λΆ„λ‹΄ μˆ˜ν–‰μ΄ 잘 이루어지지 μ•Šμ•˜μŒμ„ 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„μ™€ κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜μ˜ 결과물을 ν† λŒ€λ‘œ, νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„μ—μ„œ λ„μΆœλœ 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜μ—… μ„€κ³„μ˜ 원리λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ •ν•˜μ—¬ μ œμ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 반볡적인 μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ μ‹€ν–‰κ³Ό μˆ˜μ • κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜μ—… μ„€κ³„μ˜ 원리 쀑 일뢀가 μˆ˜μ • 및 μΆ”κ°€λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ΅œμ’…μ μœΌλ‘œ 학생과 ꡐ사, κ³Όμ œμ™€ ν™œλ™μ§€, μˆ˜μ—… ν™˜κ²½μ˜ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ 총 일곱 가지 원리가 λ„μΆœλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ³Έ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ μˆ˜μ—… μ„€κ³„μ˜ 원리λ₯Ό μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³ , μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λ°œν˜„λ˜λŠ” 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ„ 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 결둠적으둜, 집단 ꡬ성을 ν†΅ν•œ λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™ μ‹œ 집단 λ‚΄ 사고가 진화해 λ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 과정을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆμœΌλ©°, μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ ꡐ윑적 효과λ₯Ό 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± ꡐ윑의 츑면으둜 ν™•μž₯ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.Despite the importance of sociocultural perspectives on mathematical modeling activities and creativity, this field of study has remained largely unexplored. Although group composition and interactions within a group are emphasized for mathematical modeling activities, the educational effect of mathematical modeling has focused on individuals. Creativity education through mathematical modeling has also focused on individual creativity. The purpose of this study was: first, to identify the meanings and the characteristics of creativity and mathematical modeling from a sociocultural perspective; and second, to design mathematical modeling classes for group creativity education. The developmental research was used as a research method, and the lesson was designed and executed in three phases; namely, preliminary design, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis. In the preliminary design phase, a model for the developmental process of group creativity was presented through analysis of previous research on group creativity and mathematical modeling. The characteristics of mathematical modeling were confirmed as a method for group creativity education. The instructional design principles of mathematical modeling for group creativity education were derived relating to students and teachers, tasks and activities, and class environment. The lesson was designed on the basis of these principles; we revised the lesson based on the expert evaluation. The designed lessons included mathematical modeling tasks and worksheets, questionnaires for group composition and role play, lesson plan for teachers, and teaching and learning process plan for the teachers guidance. In the teaching experiment phase, the classes designed in the previous stage, were conducted. The experiment was divided into an initial teaching experiment and a later teaching experiment. The classes were repeatedly modified in the initial teaching experiment. A revised class was thus implemented in the later teaching experiment, and the group creativity during the mathematical modeling activity was observed. In addition, we found different types of interaction and creative synergies in the stages of mathematical modeling process. Cases that extended group creativity was developed were compared to those that was not. This helped analyze the causes and confirm the instructional design for group creativity education. Complementary, conflict-based, metacognitive interactions were observed in the group developing extended group creativity. We found that appropriate teachers guidance led to a good performance in interactions and role play by the group members. This was not the case with the groups lacking extended group creativity, particularly metacognitive interaction was not observed. In the retrospective analysis phase, the instructional design principle of mathematical modeling for group creativity derived from the preliminary design stage was elaborated and modified. Some of the principles were modified and added while repeatedly executing and modifying classes. Finally, a total of seven principles were drawn from the perspective of students and teachers, tasks and activities, and the classroom environment. Through this study, the instructional design principles of mathematical modeling for group creativity education were presented and the group creativity developed in course of mathematical modeling activities was identified. To conclude, this study showed the evolution of group thinking in mathematical modeling activities through group composition, and extended the education effect of mathematical modeling activities to group creativity education.β… . μ„œλ‘  1 β…‘. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 5 1. κ΅μˆ˜Β·ν•™μŠ΅μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ  관점 5 2. 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± 7 2.1. μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ  관점에 κ·Όκ±°ν•œ μ°½μ˜μ„± 연ꡬ 8 2.2. 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„±μ˜ 의미 10 2.3. 일상 μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œμ˜ 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± 24 2.4. 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± λ°œν˜„μ— 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μš”μΈ 26 2.5. 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± λ°œν˜„ λͺ¨λΈ 28 3. μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§κ³Ό 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± 29 3.1. μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ˜ 의미 30 3.2. μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ  νŠΉμ„± 34 3.3. μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ—μ„œμ˜ 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± 37 3.4. 집단 μ°½μ˜μ„± κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ μˆ˜μ—… μ„€κ³„μ˜ 원리 46 β…’. 연ꡬ 방법 54 1. 개발 연ꡬ 54 1.1. 개발 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 의미 54 1.2. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ‹ λ’°μ„± 및 타당성 56 2. 연ꡬ 섀계 57 3. μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„ 연ꡬ 방법 60 3.1. 선행연ꡬ 뢄석 61 3.2. μˆ˜μ—… 섀계 및 자료 개발 61 3.3. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가 64 3.4. μˆ˜μ—… 및 자료 μˆ˜μ • 68 4. κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 및 νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ 연ꡬ 방법 68 4.1. 초기 κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 69 4.2. ν›„κΈ° κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 71 4.3. νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ 82 β…£. μ˜ˆλΉ„μ„€κ³„ κ²°κ³Ό : μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ 섀계 83 1. μˆ˜μ—… 섀계 및 자료 개발 κ²°κ³Ό 83 1.1. 초기 μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ 과제 83 1.2. 초기 ν™œλ™μ§€ 86 1.3. 집단 ꡬ성과 역할뢄담을 μœ„ν•œ 초기 섀문지 89 1.4. ν™˜κ²½ μ‘°μ„± 94 1.5. 초기 κ΅μ‚¬μ§€λ„μ•ˆκ³Ό μˆ˜μ—…μ„€κ³„μ•ˆ 95 2. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가 κ²°κ³Ό 98 3. μˆ˜μ—… 및 자료 μˆ˜μ • κ²°κ³Ό 101 3.1. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가 ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ 과제 101 3.2. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가 ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ ν™œλ™μ§€ 102 3.3. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가 ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ 집단 ꡬ성과 역할뢄담을 μœ„ν•œ 섀문지 104 3.4. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 평가 ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ κ΅μ‚¬μ§€λ„μ•ˆ 104 β…€. κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 및 νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ κ²°κ³Ό : μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ μ‹€ν–‰ 및 λ°˜μ„± 110 1. 초기 κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 110 1.1. 초기 1μ°¨ κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 및 μˆ˜μ • 111 1.2. 초기 2μ°¨ κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 및 μˆ˜μ • 119 1.3. 초기 3μ°¨ κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 및 μˆ˜μ • 123 2. ν›„κΈ° κ΅μˆ˜μ‹€ν—˜ 130 2.1. λ¬Έμ œμ— 영ν–₯ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μš”μΈ μ°ΎκΈ° 단계 131 2.2. μˆ˜ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κΈ° 단계 133 2.3. μš”μ†Œ 사이 관계 μ°ΎκΈ° 및 λ‹¨μˆœν™”ν•˜κΈ° 단계 144 2.4. μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈ, κ²°κ³Ό λ„μΆœ 및 적용 단계 156 2.5. μ΅œμ’… λͺ¨λΈ μ‚°μΆœ 단계 164 2.6. μ΅œμ’… μ‚°μΆœλ¬Ό 174 3. νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ 178 3.1. νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§ ν™œλ™μ§€ 179 3.2. νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ 학생 μ—­ν• λΆ„λ‹΄ 183 3.3. νšŒκ³ λΆ„μ„ ν›„ μˆ˜μ •λœ κ΅μ‚¬μ§€λ„μ•ˆκ³Ό μˆ˜μ—…μ„€κ³„μ•ˆ 186 β…₯. κ²°λ‘  189 1. μš”μ•½ 189 2. κ²°λ‘  및 μ œμ–Έ 193 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 199 뢀둝 223 Abstract 233Docto

    Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Transient Symptoms of Lateral Medullary Syndrome

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    There were case reports of patients who had transient medullary symptoms but showed normal diffusion weighted imaging. However, there have been no reports yet concerning perfusion weighted imaging in such cases. We present two cases of patients had transient symptoms of lateral medullary syndrome. Initial diffusion and perfusion weighted imaging was obtained while the patients still had the symptoms. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed perfusion delay in the corresponding regions, while diffusion weighted image showed negative findings. These cases suggest that perfusion weighted imaging might be helpful in diagnosing diffusion-negative lateral medullary syndrome.ope

    Development and Application of a Cell-Based Assay for LRP4 Antibody Associated With Myasthenia Gravis

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    Background and Purpose Among patients with double-seronegative myasthenia gravis (dSN-MG) who do not have detectable antibodies against acetylcholine receptor or musclespecific tyrosine kinase, autoantibodies against low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (LRP4-Ab) have been detected recently. The purpose of this study was to develop an in-house cell-based assay (CBA) to detect LRP4-Ab and to apply it to samples from patients with MG. Methods The complementary DNA of LRP4 fused into a vector plasmid containing GFP was transfected into human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. LRP4 expression in the transfected HEK293 cells was assessed using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. The CBA included 252 sera collected from 202 patients with MG and 38 with other neuromuscular diseases, and 12 healthy controls. The transfected HEK293 cells were incubated using sera and antihuman immunoglobulin G antibodies conjugated with Alexa Fluor 594. The presence of LRP4-Ab was determined based on the fluorescence intensity and the localization in fluorescence microscopy. Results The expressions of the mRNA and protein of LRP4 in the transfected HEK293 cells were confirmed using RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Immunocytochemistry indicated LPR4 expression on the cell membrane. Among 202 patients with MG including 53 with dSN-MG, LRP4-Ab were positive in 3 patients who were all double seronegative. LRP4-Ab were not detected in the patients with other neuromuscular diseases or the healthy controls. Conclusions A CBA for detecting LRP4-Ab associated with MG has been developed, and was used to find LRP4-Ab in the sera of patients with MG. Β© 2023 Korean Neurological Association.ope

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : 건좕학과, 2016. 8. λ°•μ†Œν˜„.μ•„λ™μ—κ²Œ μžˆμ–΄ λ†€μ΄λŠ” μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ ν–‰μœ„μ΄μž, λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 츑면의 λ°œλ‹¬μ„ λ•λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ ν–‰μœ„μ΄λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ•„λ™λ“€μ˜ 놀이 κΈ°νšŒλŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ μœΌλ‘œλ‚˜ κ³΅κ°„μ μœΌλ‘œλ‚˜ 점점 더 μ œν•œλ˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄ μ•„λ™λ“€μ˜ κ· ν˜•μž‘νžŒ μ„±μž₯이 μ €ν•΄λ κΉŒ μš°λ €μŠ€λŸ½λ‹€. 이에 아동과 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ λ°”κΉ₯놀이 ν™œμ„±ν™”μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„±μ„ μ§€μ ν•˜κ³  있으며, 특히 ν˜•ν‰μ„± μžˆλŠ” λ†€μ΄ν™˜κ²½μ˜ μ œκ³΅μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 곡곡의 λ…Έλ ₯ μ ˆμ‹€ν•˜λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•„λ™μ˜ λ°”κΉ₯놀이 ν™œμ„±ν™” μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό κ·Όλ¦°ν™˜κ²½μ˜ λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ μ ‘κ·Όν•œ ꡭ내연ꡬ가 아직 λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄ 이에 λŒ€ν•œ 기쀀을 μ œμ‹œν•˜μ§€ λͺ» ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 싀정이닀. 이에 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ•„λ™μ˜ λ†€μ΄ν–‰νƒœμ— λŒ€ν•œ 싀증 데이터λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μ•„λ™μ˜ λ°”κΉ₯놀이가 ν™œλ°œν•˜κ²Œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” κ·Όλ¦°ν™˜κ²½μ˜ 놀이 지원 μš”μ†Œλ“€μ„ λ„μΆœν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ λ„μΆœλœ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ„ λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 곡곡이 κ·Όλ¦°ν™˜κ²½ κ³„νš μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œ μ•„λ™μ˜ λ°”κΉ₯놀이λ₯Ό 지원할 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©ν–₯을 μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 저측주거지가 λ°€μ§‘λ˜μ–΄ 있고, κ·Όλ¦°ν™˜κ²½ νŠΉμ„±μ„ κ²°μ •μ§€μ„λ§Œν•œ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ μ•„νŒŒνŠΈλ‹¨μ§€κ°€ μ—†λŠ” μΈν—Œκ³Ό μ–‘μž¬λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμ§€λ‘œ μ„ μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ λŒ€μƒμžλŠ” μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ 1-3ν•™λ…„μ˜ μ•„λ™λ“€λ‘œ μ„ μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 연ꡬ방법은 μš°μ„  λ¬Έν—Œμ‘°μ‚¬ 및 선행연ꡬ 뢄석을 톡해 아동 λ†€μ΄μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³ , μ•„λ™μ˜ μ‹ μ²΄ν™œλ™κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ„ λ„μΆœν•œλ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, ν”Όν—˜μžλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 톡행일지 및 GPS 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜κ³  싀증 데이터λ₯Ό 기반으둜 μ–‘μž¬μ™€ μΈν—Œμ˜ ν”Όν—˜ 아동듀이 μ‹€μ œ 놀이곡간을 ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” μ–‘νƒœλ₯Ό λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œ λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έ, λΆ„μ„ν•œ 데이터λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ ν™œμš©λ„κ°€ 높은 κ°œλ³„ μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ„ΈλΆ€ 뢄석을 μ‹œν–‰ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Όλ¦°κ³„νšμ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μœ μ˜λ―Έν•œ 곡간적 μš”μ†Œλ“€μ„ λ„μΆœν•œλ‹€. 뢄석을 톡해 μ•Œμ•„λ‚Έ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 첫째, 두 λŒ€μƒμ§€μ˜ μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€ μ‚¬μš© μ–‘νƒœκ°€ μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μΈν—Œμ˜ 경우 κ·Όλ¦° λ‚΄ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ“€μ„ λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ²Œ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 이용λ₯ μ΄ 비ꡐ적 κ³ λ₯΄κ²Œ λΆ„μ‚°λœ 양상을 λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. 반면, μ–‘μž¬μ˜ 경우 λŒ€μƒμ§€ 쀑심에 μžλ¦¬ν•œ 큰 규λͺ¨μ˜ μ–‘μž¬κ·Όλ¦°κ³΅μ›μ— λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 이용이 μ§‘μ€‘λ˜λŠ” 양상을 λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€μ™€ μ—°κ³„λ˜λŠ” λͺ©μ μ§€λ‚˜ μ ‘κ·Όκ²½λ‘œμ˜ μ΄λ™μˆ˜λ‹¨ 및 λ™λ°˜μž μœ ν˜•λ„ λ‹€λ₯Έ 양상을 λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 두 λŒ€μƒμ§€μ—μ„œ λ°”κΉ₯놀이λ₯Ό ν™œμ„±ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μš”μ†Œκ°€ λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  κ²ƒμž„μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, μ–‘μž¬μ˜ 아동듀이 μ‹€μ™Έ λ†€μ΄κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μΈν—Œμ˜ 아동듀보닀 더 λ§Žμ€ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ κ·Όλ¦°ν™˜κ²½μœΌλ‘œ λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό ν•œμ •ν•˜μ—¬ 주말과 μ£Όμ€‘μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ λ³΄λ‹ˆ μΈν—Œμ˜ 경우 주쀑 평균 43λΆ„, 주말 평균 79λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ 2배에 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ 차이λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€μœΌλ‚˜, μ–‘μž¬μ˜ 경우 주쀑 평균 72λΆ„, 주말 평균 69λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ 거의 λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 주쀑에 μ•½κ°„ 더 많이 λ…ΈλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” 주쀑에 동넀λ₯Ό λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ λ„ 주말과 닀름없이 놀 수 μžˆμ„ λ§Œν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ΄ 제곡되고 μžˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©°, κ²°κ΅­ κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ΄ 전체 μ•„λ™μ˜ λ°”κΉ₯놀이λ₯Ό μ¦μ§„μ‹œν‚¨λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€. μ…‹μ§Έ, κ°œλ³„ μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ“€μ˜ 곡톡점과 차이점을 비ꡐ λΆ„μ„ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό ν™œλ°œν•˜κ²Œ μ΄μš©λ˜λŠ” μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€μ˜ 5가지 μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©° λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. 1) μ•„λ™μ˜ ν™œλ™κ±°μ μ΄ λ˜λŠ” ν•™κ΅λ‚˜ 학원 λ˜λŠ” μ§‘μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° κ±°λ¦¬μƒμ˜ κ°€κΉŒμ›€μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” κ·Όμ ‘μ„±(Proximity)2) κ°€λ‘œμ²΄κ³„λ‚˜ κ°€λ‘œ 경사도, 기타 κ°€λ‘œμƒμ˜ λ°©ν•΄ μš”μ†Œ μ—¬λΆ€ λ“±κ³Ό 같이 μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ‘œ μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 경둜의 νŽΈλ¦¬μ„±μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” μ ‘κ·Όμ„±(Accessibility)3) ν’λΆ€ν•œ 물리적 ν™˜κ²½ μš”μ†Œμ˜ μ œκ³΅μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘μ„±(Richness)4) μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€ κ°„μ˜ μ—°κ²°μ„±(Connectivity)5) 상징성을 λΆ€μ—¬ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” 지리적 쀑심성(Centeredness). λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” GPS와 톡행일지λ₯Ό 톡해 ꡬ체적인 λ†€μ΄ν–‰νƒœμ— λŒ€ν•œ 싀증 데이터λ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬λ°©λ²•μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μƒ ν‘œλ³Έμˆ˜κ°€ ν•œμ •λ  수 밖에 μ—†λ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ³΄νŽΈν™”ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μš°λ©°, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ œμ‹œν•œ 물리적 μš”μ†Œλ“€κ³Ό 아동놀이 ν™œμ„±ν™”μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό μΈκ³Όκ΄€κ³„λ‘œ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λŠ” ν•œκ³„μ μ΄ μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•„νŒŒνŠΈλ‹¨μ§€λ‚˜ 역사주거지와 같이 νŠΉμˆ˜μ„±μ΄ κ°•ν•œ 지역이 μ•„λ‹Œ 일반적 저측주거지 두 곳을 μ„ μ •ν•˜μ—¬ 비ꡐ적 λ³΄νŽΈμ„±μ„ ν™•λ³΄ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 관찰쑰사가 κ°–λŠ” ν•œκ³„μ μ„ 싀증데이터λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ³΄μ™„ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, ν™œλ°œν•œ 놀이가 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μž₯μ†Œλ“€μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ„ μ‹€μ œμ μœΌλ‘œ μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ”λ° λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ˜μ˜κ°€ μžˆλ‹€.1.μ„œλ‘  1 1.1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 및 λͺ©μ  1 1.2. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λŒ€μƒ 및 방법 4 2. 선행연ꡬ 및 이둠고찰 7 2.1 이둠적 κ³ μ°° 7 2.2 선행연ꡬ κ³ μ°° 8 2.2.1. μ•„λ™μ˜ 놀이와 κ·Όλ¦°ν™˜κ²½ 8 2.2.2. μ•„λ™μ˜ μ‹ μ²΄ν™œλ™κ³Ό ν™˜κ²½μ  μš”μ†Œ 11 2.2.3. 연ꡬ 차별성 13 3. 쑰사 및 뢄석방법 15 3.1 쑰사 λŒ€μƒμ§€ 및 ν”Όν—˜μž μ„ μ • 15 3.2 λŒ€μƒμ§€ κ°œμš” 16 3.2.1. μΈν—Œ 17 3.2.2. μ–‘μž¬ 20 3.2.3. μΈν—Œκ³Ό μ–‘μž¬μ˜ 물리적 ν™˜κ²½ 비ꡐ 23 3.3 쑰사 방법 24 3.3.1 데이터 μˆ˜μ§‘ 25 3.3.2 데이터 ν”„λ‘œμ„Έμ‹± 26 4. μ•„λ™μ˜ λ†€μ΄ν–‰νƒœλ₯Ό 톡해 λ³Έ 주거지 놀이 ν™˜κ²½μ˜ νŠΉμ„± 뢄석 29 4.1 놀이 ν–‰νƒœ 뢄석 29 4.1.1. λͺ©μ μ§€ 및 μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€ 29 4.1.2. μ΄λ™ν–‰νƒœ νŠΉμ„± 45 4.2 μ£Όμš” μ˜€ν”ˆμŠ€νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ³„ νŠΉμ„± 48 4.2.1 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