130 research outputs found
์ด์ฒ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต์ ์ด ์ธ์คํดํธ ๊ฑด๋ฉด์ ๋ฏธ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ํน์ฑ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ)--์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ :๋์
์๋ช
๊ณผํ๋ํ ์ํ๊ณตํ๊ณผ,2019. 8. ์ต์์ง.Instant air-dried noodles have been consumed more and more because of low-fat content. There are few studies on instant air-dried noodles so I did research on. Part 1 investigated how the heating process affected noodle microstructure and noodle properties. When the steam process was applied, the more porous internal structure was formed and the cooking loss was reduced. The super-heated steam process was forming the uneven internal structure and increased the cooking loss. In addition, if the boiling and steaming process were applied in Udon, the adhesiveness becomes very low and it became suitable for the stir-fried noodles.
Instant air-dried noodle has difficulty in rehydration due to the tight internal structure. In part 2, the potato starch has been expected to solve this problem because of the excessive swelling capability of potato starch before forming the gluten network. However, this also prevents from forming noodle structure. Previous studies have attempted to solve this problem by changing the composition ratio of dough. Herein to solve this problem, we adjusted the temperature of dough resting for forming a gluten network without excessive swelling of potato starch. The doughs were rested at different temperatures (4ยฐC, 25ยฐC and 45ยฐC) and then compared the characteristics of each dough and the microstructures of the noodle made with each dough. As a result, doughs rested at 25ยฐC and 45ยฐC were able to form noodle structure without swelling problems. Forming rate of the gluten network was 10 times faster at 45ยฐC than 25ยฐC. And it also showed finer and more stable microstructure. In addition, the rehydration time of instant air-dried potato noodles rested at 45ยฐC was decreased by 30% compared to instant air-dried flour noodles. This finding can be useful for the development of noodles with fewer gluten contents.์ธ์คํดํธ ๊ฑด๋ฉด์ ์ง๋ฐฉ ํจ๋์ด ์ ์ด ์ ์ ์๋น๋์ด ๋๊ณ ์์ง๋ง ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ง์ด ์งํ๋์ด ์์ง ์๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์, ๊ธฐ์ด์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ด ๊ณต์ ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ฉด์ ํน์ฑ์ด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๋ถ์ฌ๋๋์ง ์ดํด๋ณด์๋ค. ์ฆ์ ๊ณต์ ์ด ๊ฐํด์ง๊ฑฐ๋ ์ฆ์๊ณผ ํจ๊ป ๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ด์ฒ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต์ ์ด ์ถ๊ฐ๋๋ฉด ๋ค๊ณต์ฑ์ ๋ด๋ถ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ ํ์ฑ์ด ๋๋ฉฐ ์กฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค ์์ค์ด ๊ฐ์ํ์๋ค. ๊ณผ์ด์์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ ์ฆ์์ ๋ถ๊ท์นํ ๋ด๋ถ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ์ฑํ์๊ณ , ์กฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค ์์ค์ ์ฆ๊ฐ์์ผฐ๋ค. ์ฐ๋์์๋ ์ฆ์ ๊ณต์ ์ ์ดํ ๊ณต์ ์ด ์ถ๊ฐ๋๋ฉด ๋ฉด์ ์ ์ฐฉ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์์ ธ ๋ณถ์๋ฉด์ ์ ํฉํ ํน์ง์ ์ง๋๊ฒ ๋๋ค.
ํํธ ์ธ์คํดํธ ๊ฑด๋ฉด์ ๊ฑด์กฐ๊ณผ์ ์ค์ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ ๋จ๋จํ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ฌ์ํ์ ์ด๋ ค์์ ๊ฒช๋๋ค. ๊ฐ์ ์ ๋ถ์ ํธํ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋งค์ฐ ๋ฐ์ด๋ ์ด ๋จ์ ์ ๊ทน๋ณตํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๊ธฐ๋๋์ง๋ง, ๋์ ํธํ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ์ ๋ฉด ๋ด๋ถ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์์์ ๊ฐํด ๋ฉด ํ์ฑ์ด ํ๋ค๊ฒ ๋๋ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ฐ์ ์ ๋ถ ๋ฐ์ฃฝ์ ์์ฑ ๊ณผ์ ์ ์จ๋๋ฅผ ๋ณํ์์ผ (4ยฐC, 25ยฐC ๋ฐ 45ยฐC) ์ ๋ถ์ ํฝ์ค์ด ๋ ์ผ์ด๋๋ฉด์ ๋ฉด ๋ด๋ถ ๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ํ์ฑ์ด ์ ์ผ์ด๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๊ธฐ๋ํ์๋ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์ผ๋ก, 25ยฐC ๋ฐ 45ยฐC์์ ์์ฑํ ๋ฐ์ฃฝ์ ๋ฉด ํ์ฑ์ด ์ ๋์๋ค. ๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง ๋คํธ์ํฌ์ ํ์ฑ ์๋๋ 25ยฐC์ ๋นํด 45ยฐC์์ 10๋ฐฐ ๋ ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ, ์ ๋ถํฌ๋ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ์ ์ํ ์ธ์คํดํธ ๊ฐ์ ๊ฑด๋ฉด์ ์ฌ ์ํ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด๋ฉด์ ๋นํด 30% ๊ฐ์ํ์๋ค. ์ฐ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ์ธ์คํดํธ ๊ฑด๋ฉด์ ๋จ์ ์ ๊ทน๋ณตํด ์ปต๋ผ๋ฉด ์ ์์ ์ ์ฉ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฉด์ ๊ธ๋ฃจํ
ํจ๋์ ์ค์ฌ ๋ฉด์ ๋ง๋ค ์ ๋์์ด ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.ABSTRACT.II
CONTENTS.IV
LIST OF FIGURESVII
LIST OF TABLES .X
I. INTRODUCTION.... 1
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3
2.1. Materials..... 3
2.2. Potato starch and wheat starch dough preparation. 4
2.3. Oscillatory measurements of potato starch dough 5
2.4. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of potato starch dough . 6
2.5. Preparation of instant air-dried noodle .. 8
2.6. Size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography 10
2.7. Scanning electron microscope . 12
2.8. Cooking property analysis of noodle samples.. 13
2.9. Texture analysis of noodle samples.. 14
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.. 15
3.1. Effect of heating process of non-fried noodles. . 15
3.1.1. The microstructural properties of instant air-dried noodles. 15
3.1.2. The microstructural properties of instant air-semi-dried noodles 23
3.1.3. The microstructural properties of Udon... 30
3.2. Effect of dough resting temperature on the microstructural properties of instant air-dried potato noodles.. 38
3.2.1. Potato dough appearance. 41
3.2.2. Rheological properties of potato dough... 43
3.2.3. Internal protein structures of potato dough during resting. 48
3.2.4. Cooking and texture properties of instant air-dried potato noodle 52
IV. CONCLUSIONS.. 58
V. REFERENCES.. 60
XI. ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ด๋ก.. 62Maste
์ด์จ๋น ์กฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ์ฉํ ๊ณ ๋ถ์ ํ๋ฉด ๋๋ ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์ ํ์ฑ ์ฐ๊ตฌ
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ์ฌ) -- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต๋ํ์ : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋ํ ์ฌ๋ฃ๊ณตํ๋ถ, 2022. 8. ์ฅํธ์.์ต๊ทผ ๋๋
ธ๊ธฐ์ ์ ๊ธ๊ฒฉํ ๋ฐ๋ฌ์ ์ผ์์ํ์์๋ ์๋ง์ ๋๋
ธ ์์ฌ๊ฐ ํ์ฉ๋ ์ ์๊ฒ ํ์๋ค. ๋๋
ธ๋ฏธํฐ ์ค์ผ์ผ์ ํจํฐ๋์ด ํ์ฉ๋๋ ๋ฐ๋์ฒด, ๋์คํ๋ ์ด๋ ์ฐจ๋์ ํ์ฉ๋๋ ๋๋
ธ์ฝํ
ํ๋ฆ, ๋ฏธ์ธ๋จผ์ง ๋ฑ ์ ํด๋ฌผ์ง์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์ํ ํํฐ, ์น๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ํ ๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง์ด๋ ์ ์ ๋ฌผ์ง ๋ฑ์ ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊น์ง ์ฌ๋ฃ, ๊ธฐ๊ณ, ์ ์, ์๋ช
๊ณผํ์ ์ด๋ฅด๋ ๋์ ๋ฒ์์ ํ์ฉ๋๊ณ ์๋ค. ์๋ง์ ๋๋
ธ ์์ฌ ์ค ๋๋
ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ์ฑ์ํจ ํ๋ฉด์ ํํํ ํ๋ฉด๊ณผ๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํน์ฑ์ ๊ฐ์ง๊ฒ ๋๊ณ , ์ด๋ ํ๋ฉด์ ์๋ก์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๋ถ์ฌํด์ค ์ ์๋ค. ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด๊ฐ ํ์ฑ๋ ํ๋ฉด์ ํ๋ฉด์๋์ง๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ํ์์ผ ์น์๋ฅผ ์ด์น์๋ก, ๋ฐ์๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฐ์๋ก ๋ง๋ค ์ ์๊ณ , ๋์ ๋นํ๋ฉด์ ์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ์ ์ฐฉ, ์ ์ฐฉ์ ํ์ฉํ๊ฑฐ๋ ํํ๋ฐ์ ์๋๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ์ํฌ ์ ์๋ค. ๋ํ, ๋น์ ์ฐ๋, ํ์ , ํ๋ผ์ฆ๋ชฌ ๊ณต๋ช
ํ์์ ๋ฐ์์์ผ ์ ๋ฐ์ฌ, ์ปฌ๋ฌ๋ง ๋ฑ์ ์๋ก์ด ๊ดํ ํน์ฑ์ ๋ถ์ฌํ ์ ์๋ค.
๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์ ์ ์์ Lithography, Imprinting, ์๊ฐ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐํ ๋ฑ์ Top-down ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๊ณผ ๋ค์ํ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋๋
ธ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ํค๋ Bottom-up ๋ฐฉ์์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ๋ถํ ์ ์๋ค. Top-down ๋ฐฉ์ ์ค Lithography์ Imprinting์ ๋งค์ฐ ์ ๊ตํ ํจํด์ ํ์ฑ์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด์ง๋ง, ํจํฐ๋์ ์ํ ๋ง์คํฌ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๊ณ ๊ณต์ ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋งค์ฐ ๋์ ํธ์ด๋ค. ๋ฐ๋์ฒด๋ ํ๋ผ์ฆ๋ชฌ ๊ณต๋ช
์ ํ์ฉํ ์ปฌ๋ฌ๋ง ์์์ ๊ฐ์ด ๋งค์ฐ ์ ๊ตํ๊ณ ๊ท์น์ ์ธ ํจํด์ด ํ์ํ ์์ฉ์ฒ์๋ ๋งค์ฐ ์ ํฉํ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด์ง๋ง, ๋๋์์ฐ์ด ์ค์ํ ์ ๋ฐ์ฌ, ์ด์น์/์ด๋ฐ์, ์ด๋งค์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ถ์ผ์์๋ ๋ฆฌ์๊ทธ๋ํผ, ์ํ๋ฆฐํ
๊ณผ๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์์ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ด ์๊ตฌ๋๋ค.
์ ํ ์ด์จ๋น์ 10-3 Torr ์ ๋์ ์ง๊ณต์์ ์ kV ๊ธ์ ์ด์จ์ ๋ฐฉ์ถ์์ผ ํ๋ฉด์ ๊ฐ์ง์ํค๋ ์ฅ์น์ด๋ค. ํ๋ผ์ฆ๋ง ๋ฐ์ ์ฅ์น์ ์ผ์ข
์ผ๋ก์จ, ๋๋ฆฌ ์ฌ์ฉ๋๋ RF ํ์
์ ํ๋ผ์ฆ๋ง์ ๋นํด ์ด์จ ์๋์ง ์กฐ์ , ์
์ฌ ๊ฐ๋ ์กฐ์ ๋ฑ์ด ์ฉ์ดํ๊ณ , ์คํผํฐ์ ์๋ํ๋ ์ง๊ณต๋ ์์ญ๋๊ฐ ์ ์ฌํ๊ณ , ๊ธธ์ด์ ํ์ฅ์ด ์ฉ์ดํ์ฌ ๋๋ ์์ฐ์ ์ ๋ฆฌํ ์ฅ์ ์ด ์๋ค. ์ ํ ์ด์จ๋น์ ๊ณต์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์๊ฐ, ์ฐํ๋ง/์งํ๋ง์ ์์ฑ, ํ๋ฉด์๋์ง ๋ณํ, ํ๋ฉดํ์ ๋ณํ ๋ฑ ํ๋ฉด์ ๋ค์ํ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ , ํํ์ ์ธ ํน์ฑ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์์ํฌ ์ ์๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ์ ํ ์ด์จ๋น์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ PEN, PDMS, PET์ ๊ฐ์ด ์ผ์์์ ํ์ฉ๋๋ ๊ณ ๋ถ์ ํ๋ฆ์ ํ๋ฉด ํ์์ ์ ์ดํ๊ณ , ์ด์ ์์ธ์ ๊ท๋ช
ํ์๋ค. PEN์ ์ด์จ๋น์ ์กฐ์ฌํ๋ฉด ์ฝ 100 nm ์ ํ์ ์ง๋ฆ๊ณผ ๋์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๋ ๋๋
ธ๋คํ์ด ํ์ฑ๋๋ค. ํ์ฑ๋ ๋๋
ธ๋คํ์ PEN์ ๊ดํ์ ํน์ฑ์ ๋ณํ์ํจ๋ค. PEN ํ๋ฉด ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ํ์ฑ์ DKS ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ํ์ฉํ๋ฉด ํ๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ์ฑ์ด ์ ๋ชจ์ฌ๋จ์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. DKS ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ๋ถํฉํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ PEN ํ๋ฉด์ ์กด์ฌํ๋ ์ nm ์ดํ์ ์์ฃผ ์์ Roughness์์ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ ์์น์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์คํผํฐ๋ง์จ์ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ ๋๋
ธ๋คํ ํ์ฑ์ ์์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ ์๋ฏธ์ด๋ค.
PDMS ํ๋ฉด์ ์ด์จ๋น์ ์กฐ์ฌํ๋ฉด ๋๋
ธ๋งํด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋ง๋ค์ด์ง๋ค. XPS ํ๋ฉด ๋ถ์์ ํตํด ํ๋ฉด์ PDMS์ SiO ๊ฒฐํฉ์ด SiO2 ๊ฒฐํฉ์ ๊ฐ๊น์ด Hardskin ์ธต์ผ๋ก ๋ณํํจ์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. ํ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ Bond์ Dissociation Energy (Ed) ๊ฐ๊ณผ, SRIM์ ํตํด ๊ณ์ฐํ Nuclear Stopping ((dE/dx)nuclear)์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ๊น์ด์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธDisplace per Atom (DPA) ๊ฐ์ ๊ณ์ฐํ์๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ XPS Depth Profiling์ ํ์ฉํด ์ธก์ ํ ํ์ Bond์ ๋ณํ์ ๋น๊ตํ์๋ค. DPA ๊ฐ์ด 1.5 ์ด์์ธ Bond์ธ H-CH2, C-Si ๊ฐ ํฌ๊ฒ ๋ณํํจ์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์์๊ณ , DPA ๊ฐ์ ๊ณ์ฐ์ ํตํด Bond์ ๋ถํด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ์์ธกํ ์ ์๋ค๋ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ๋ด๋ฆด ์ ์์๋ค.
์ด์จ๋น์ ์กฐ์ฌํ PET ํ๋ฉด์ ๋๋
ธํค์ด๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ ํ์ฑ๋์๋ค. ํ์ฑํ ๋๋
ธํค์ด๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ PET์ ์ฐ๋๋๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒ ์ฆ๊ฐ์ํด์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. ์ฐ๋๋๋ ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ปค์ง์๋ก ์ฆ๊ฐํ์๋ค. ์ฐ๋์ ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ ํ์ฅ์ ํฐ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฐ๋๋ฐ, ํ์ฑํ ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ ์ฝ 40~60 nm ์ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ์๊ด ์์ญ์ ๋น (์ฝ 400~800 nm ์์ญ)์ Rayleigh ์ฐ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋์ ํฐ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฐ๋๋ค. Rayleigh ์ฐ๋์ ํ์ฅ์ 4์ ๊ณฑ์ ๋ฐ๋น๋กํ๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ์๊ด์ ์์ Blue ์ชฝ์ ํด๋นํ๋ ํ์ฅ์ด Red ๊ณ์ด์ ํ์ฅ๋ณด๋ค ํจ์ฌ ํฐ ์ฐ๋๋๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ , ์ด๋ ์ธก์ ํ Haziness ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ถํฉํ๋ค. ์ ์ํ ๋๋
ธํค์ด๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐํ์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ OLED๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ์๋ค. OLED๋ ์์ ๋ด๋ถ์ ๊ฐํ ๋น์ ์ธ๋ถ๋ก ์ถ์ถ์์ผ์ฃผ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ํจ์จ ํฅ์์ ์์ด ๋งค์ฐ ์ค์ํ ์์์ด๋ค. ๋๋
ธํค์ด๋ฆฌ PET ๊ธฐํ์ ์ ์ํ OLED๋ ์ผ๋ฐ PET์ ์ ์ํ OLED์ ๋นํด ํจ์จ์ด ์ต๋ 30%๊น์ง ์ฆ๊ฐํ์์ ํ์ธํ์๊ณ , ์ด๋ PET ํ๋ฉด์ ๋๋
ธํค์ด๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ ๊ธฐํ์ ๊ฐํ ๋น์ ์ธ๋ถ๋ก ์ถ์ถ์์ผ์ฃผ๋๋ฐ ๋งค์ฐ ํจ์จ์ ์์ ์๋ฏธํ๋ค.
์ฝ๋ก๋ ๋ฐ์ด๋ฌ์ค ๋ฐฉ์ญ์ฉ ๋ง์คํฌ, ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ฒญ์ ๊ธฐ์ฉ ํคํ ํํฐ ๋ฑ 1D ์ฌ์ ์ ์งํฉ์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋ ํํฐ์ ํ๋ฉด์ฒ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ๋งค์ฐ ์ค์ํ ์์์ด๋ค. ์์ ํ๋ฆ์ ๋๋
ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ์ฑํ๋ ์ด์จ๋น์ ํํฐ ์๋จ์ ์ํํ๊ฒ ๋๋ฉด, ์์ญ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก๋ฏธํฐ ๋๊ป์ PET ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ Rayleigh-Plateau ๋ถ์์ ์ฑ์ ์ํด ์๋ก ๋ญ์น๋ ํ์์ด ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ Rayleigh-Plateau ๋ถ์์ ์ฑ์ด ๋ฐ์ํ์ง ์๊ฒ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด์๋ ํํฐ ํ๋ฉด์ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ํํ ๋ ์จ๋ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ์ต์ ํด์ผ ํ๋ฉฐ, ์จ๋ ๋ณํ๋์ SRIM์ ํตํด ๊ณ์ฐํ Phonon์ ์๊ณผ ์ ์ฌํ ์๊ด๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง ์ ์์์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. ํํฐ ์ฌ์ ์ ์์์ ์ต์ ํ๋ฉด์ ๋์ ๋ฐ์ฐฉ์ฑ์ ์ป์ ์ ์๋ ์ด์จ๋น ํ๋ฉด์ฒ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ์ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ํํฐ ์๋จ์ ์ํํ๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํํฐ ์ฌ์ ์ ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋์ ๋ฐ์ฐฉ์ฑ์ ๊ฐ์ง๊ฒ ๋์๋ค. ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์ฝํ
๋ ํํฐ๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋ก๋ ๋ฐ์ด๋ฌ์ค (SARS-CoV-2)์ 4์ข
๋ฅ์ ์ธ๊ท ์ ๋ํด ํญ๋ฐ์ด๋ฌ์ค์ฑ๊ณผ ํญ๊ท ์ฑ์ ํ๊ฐํ์๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1์๊ฐ ๋
ธ์ถ์ 99% ์ด์์ ๋ฐ์ด๋ฌ์ค์ ์ธ๊ท ์ด ์ฌ๋ฉธ๋จ์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์์๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ณ ๋ถ์์ ํ๋ฉด์ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ํํ์ฌ ํ๋ฉด ํ์์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๊ด์ฐฐํ์๊ณ , SRIM๊ณ์ฐ์ ํตํ์ฌ ํ์ ๋ณํ ๊ฑฐ๋๊ณผ ์์ธ์ ์์ธกํ ์ ์์์ ๋ฐํ๋๋ค. SRIM ๊ณ์ฐ์ ๊ณ ๋ถ์ ๊ฒฐํฉ์ ๋ํ ๋ณ์๊ฐ ๊ณ์ฐ์ ๊น์ด ๋ฐ์๋์ง ์์ ๊ณ์ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ ๋์ ์ผ๋ก ์ผ์น์ํฌ ์๋ ์์์ผ๋, ์ ์ฑ์ ์ผ๋ก ์์ธก์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํจ์ ํ์ธํ๋ค. ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ ์ํํ ๊ณ ๋ถ์ ์์ฌ์ธ PEN, PDMS, PET ๋ฟ๋ง ์๋๋ผ Polyimide (PI), Polyetetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polystyrene (PS) ๋ฑ ๋ค์ํ ๊ณ ๋ถ์์๋ ์ ์ฉํ์ฌ ์ด์จ๋น ์กฐ์ฌ์์ ํ๋ฉด ๋ณํ๊ฑฐ๋์ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์์ธกํ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ์ ํ ์ด์จ๋น์ ๋กคํฌ๋กค ๊ณต์ ๋ฑ ๋๋์์ฐ์ ์ํ ํ์ฅ์ ์ ๋ฆฌํ๊ณ , ๋น๋
์ฑ ๊ฐ์ค์ธ ์ฐ์์ ์๋ฅด๊ณค์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ์งํํ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์นํ๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ฐ์กฐ๋๋ ๋ฏธ๋์ฐ์
์ ๋งค์ฐ ํ์์ ์ด๋ค.Rapid nanotechnology development has recently enabled numerous nanomaterials to be used in daily life. It is being used in a wide range of materials, machinery, electronics, and life sciences, from semiconductors that utilize nanometer-scale patterning, nanocoating films used in displays or vehicles, filters to filter harmful substances such as fine dust, and proteins/genetic materials for treatment. Among the numerous nanomaterials, the surface with nanostructure has different physical properties from the flat surface, which can give the surface new functionality. The surface on which the nanostructure is formed can maximize surface energy to make hydrophilic to superhydrophilic and hydrophobic to superhydrophobic, and use a large specific surface area for adhesion and bonding, or increase the chemical reaction speed. In addition, new optical properties such as low reflection and coloring may be provided by generating light scattering, diffraction, and plasmon resonance.
Fabrication methods of nanostructure can be divided into top-down methods such as lithography, imprinting, and self-nanostructure, and bottom-up methods for growing nanomaterials. Among the top-down methods, lithography and imprinting are methods that can form very sophisticated patterns, but masks for patterning are required, and process prices are very high. Therefore, they are suitable for applications that require very sophisticated and regular patterns, such as semiconductors and plasmonic resonance, but in fields such as low reflection, superhydrophilic/super water repellent, and catalysts, different production methods, which are fast and cheap, are required.
A linear ion-beam is a device that modifies the surface by emitting several kV ions in a vacuum of about 10-3 Torr. As the kind of plasma generating source, ion energy control and incident angle control are more accessible than widely used RF-type plasma, and length is easily expanded, thereby being advantageous for mass production. Depending on the process conditions of the linear ion-beam, various physical and chemical characteristics on the surface, such as etching, generation of an oxide film/nitride film, surface energy change, and surface shape change, may occur. In this study, the surface shape of the polymer films used in everyday life, such as PEN, PDMS, and PET, were controlled using a linear ion beam, and the cause was investigated.
When an ion beam is irradiated to PEN, a nano-dimple having a diameter and a height of about 100 nm is formed. The formed nano-dimple changes the optical properties of the PEN. It was confirmed that the formation of the PEN surface nanostructure was well simulated using the DKS model. Conforming to the DKS model means that the difference in sputtering rates depending on the location of microscopic roughness less than several nm on the surface of the PEN is the cause of nanodimple formation.
When an ion beam is irradiated to the PDMS surface, a nano-wrinkle structure is created. Through XPS surface analysis, it was confirmed that the SiO bond of PDMS on the surface changed to the hardskin layer close to the SiO2 bond. Displace per atom (DPA) values according to depth were calculated using dissociation energy (Ed) of carbon-based bond and nuclear stopping ((dE/dx)nuclear) calculated by SRIM. To compare DPA and changes in carbon bonds measured by XPS depth profiling, H-CH2 and C-Si bonds with a DPA value of 1.5 or more changed significantly. It was concluded that the decomposition of the bonds could be predicted through the calculation of the DPA value.
The PET surface irradiated with the ion beam has a nano-hairy structure. It was confirmed that the formed nano-hairy structure significantly increased the scattering of PET. The scattering degree increased as the size of the nanostructure increased. Scattering is greatly affected by the size and wavelength of nanostructures, and since the size of nanostructures formed is about 40 to 60 nm, light in the visible light region (about 400 to 800 nm) is greatly affected by Rayleigh scattering behavior. Since Rayleigh scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength, the wavelength corresponding to the blue light of the visible light shows a much larger scattering degree than the wavelength of the red light, which is well fitted with the measured haziness results. OLED was manufactured using the nano-hairy substrate. In OLED, extracting light trapped inside the device to the outside is essential in improving efficiency. OLED manufactured on nano-hairy PET substrate had increased efficiency by up to 30% compared to OLED manufactured on flat PET, which means that nano-hairy structure on PET surface is very efficient in extracting light trapped in the substrate to the outside.
The development of surface treatment technology for filters consisting of 1-dimensional fibers such as coronavirus prevention masks and HEPA filters for air purifiers is crucial. When an ion-beam with similar energy for fabrications of nano-hairy structure on PET film irradiates on PET fibers which have a thickness of several tens of micrometers, the fibers are agglomerated due to Rayleigh-Plateau instability. In order to prevent agglomeration, an increment of temperature during the treatment process should be suppressed. The amount of temperature change could have a similar correlation with the amount of phonon calculated through SRIM. Therefore, a filter fabric irradiated by temperature-controlled conditions could obtain high adhesion while suppressing fiber agglomerations. As a result, the filter fiber and copper had high adhesion. Copper-coated filters were evaluated for antiviral and antibacterial properties for coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and four types of bacteria, and as a result, more than 99% of viruses and bacteria were killed when exposed for 1 hour.
Through this study, changes in surface shape were observed by performing surface treatment of the polymer, and it was found that the behavior and cause of the shape change can be predicted through SRIM calculation. SRIM calculations could not match the calculation results quantitatively because the variables for polymer bonds were not precisely reflected in the calculations, but they were confirmed to be qualitatively predictable. It will be possible to predict the surface change behavior during ion-beam irradiation by applying it to various polymers such as polyimide (PI), polyetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polystyrene (PS), and the like, as well as PEN, PDMS, and PET which are polymer materials conducted in this study. Linear ion beams are advantageous for expansion for mass production such as roll-to-roll processes, and this study, which focuses on oxygen and argon, which are non-toxic gases, is essential for future industries where eco-friendliness is emphasized.LIST OF FIGURES 1
LIST OF TABLES 6
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 7
1.1. Nanostructures on Polymer Substrates 7
1.1.1. Polymer Nanostructures 7
1.2. Closed Drift-Type Anode Layer Linear Ion Beam Source 11
1.2.1. Introduction 11
1.2.2. Theoretical Background 11
1.3. Surface Nanostructures Produced by Ion beam 17
1.3.1. Nano-hairy Structures of Polymers 17
1.3.2. Nano-wrinkle PDMS Structure 18
1.3.3. Nano-dimple Structures of Semiconductor Materials 19
1.3.4. Interactions Between Ions and Matter 20
1.3.5. Computational Analysis 23
1.4. Purpose of This Research Study 26
1.5. Bibliography 27
CHAPTER 2. PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF NANO-DIMPLE STRUCTURES ON PEN SUBSTRATE 32
2.1. Introduction 33
2.2. Materials and Methods 35
2.2.1. Materials 35
2.2.2. Ion Beam Treatment 35
2.2.3. Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 35
2.2.4. Atomic Force Microscopy 37
2.2.5. Field-Emission Transmission Electron Microscopy and the Electron Energy Loss Spectrum 37
2.3. Results and Discussion 38
2.4. Conclusions 48
2.5. Bibliography 50
CHAPTER 3. FABRICATION OF A NANO-WRINKLED PDMS SUBSTRATE 53
3.1 Introduction 54
3.2 Methods 57
3.3. Results and Discussion 59
3.4 Conclusions 80
3.5 Bibliography 82
CHAPTER 4. NANO-HAIRY PET STRUCTURE FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF EXTERNAL LIGHT EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY OF OLEDS 87
4.1 Introduction 88
4.2 Experimental 91
4.2.1. Materials 91
4.2.2. Ion Beam Treatment 91
4.2.3. ITO Sputtering 91
4.2.4. OLED Fabrication 92
4.2.5. FESEM 94
4.2.6. AFM 94
4.2.7. Optical Properties 94
4.3 Results and Discussion 95
4.4 Conclusions 104
4.5 Bibliography 106
CHAPTER 5. IMPROVEMENT OF SURFACE ADHESION OF PET FIBER AND COPPER FOR ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY WITHOUT NANO-STRUCTURING 108
5.1 Introduction 109
5.2. Materials and Methods 112
5.2.1. Materials 112
5.2.2. Ion Beam Treatment and Copper Sputtering Deposition 112
5.2.3. SRIM Calculations 114
5.2.4. Adhesion Test of Copper Deposited onto the Filter 114
5.2.5. Observing the Surfaces of the Filters and Tapes 115
5.2.6. Method for Evaluation of Antibacterial Performance 115
5.2.7. Method for Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Elimination Performance 116
5.3. Results and Discussion 118
5.3.1. Condition of the Filters After Ion Beam Treatment 118
5.3.2. Composition and Adhesion Properties of the Filters 121
5.3.3. Antibacterial Properties of the Copper-Coated Filter 130
5.3.4. Antiviral Properties of the Copper-Coated Filter 133
5.4. Conclusions 135
5.5. Bibliography 137
CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSIONS 142
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 146๋ฐ
Design and Implementation of Sea Operation Monitoring System based on the ENC
Sea operation monitoring system is monitoring system for vessel automation system which is used from possible various kinds operation such as work of fiber cable laying between a nation, sea bottom work of laying electric wire for distant island or pipe line laying work of natural gas construction etc at sea. Sea operation monitoring system has getting detail data from manufacturing and calculating numerical value of data which is getting from various sensor that found input and environment setting, after than system decide that detail data output saving to DB or printing a printing machine and display data value to screen or output graph for realtime and also if input value pass over the normal value from a pointment sensor then create alarm sound to speaker.
In the Server, display the GPS position information of electronic maritime chart from a reading ENC data, display relation data which overlaid information of relation Route file from operation. There are exchange information between client/server with wireless LAN which is PDA of client and wireless AP established from wireless network environment of server. In addition, there are raised to higher efficiency from be possible free movement at available radius.
In this paper, there are improve competitive of vessel from that support for vessel automation, safety voyage, reduce a burden of sea operation to the minimum, prevent a accident which is embody monitoring system of relate sea operation under a based ENC at such as before conditions.์ 1 ์ฅ ์ ๋ก 1
1.1 ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1
1.2 ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ํ์์ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉํ 2
์ 2 ์ฅ ์ ์ํด๋์ ๊ฐ์ 4
2.1 ์ ์ํด๋ ํ์ ์์คํ
4
2.2 ์ ์ํด๋ 12
์ 3 ์ฅ ์์คํ
๋ถ์ ๋ฐ ์ค๊ณ 21
3.1 ์ ์ํด๋ ํ์์ ๋ถ์ 21
3.2 ์ ์ํด๋ ๋์คํ๋ ์ด์ ์ค๊ณ 27
3.3 ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์๋ฒ์ ์ค๊ณ 34
3.4 ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ํด๋ผ์ด์ธํธ์ ์ค๊ณ 47
3.5 ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์์คํ
์ ์๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ 50
์ 4 ์ฅ ์์คํ
์ ๊ตฌํ ๋ฐ ์คํ 59
4.1 ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์๋ฒ์ ๊ตฌํ 59
4.2 ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ํด๋ผ์ด์ธํธ์ ๊ตฌํ 73
์ 5 ์ฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 78
์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ 7
๊ตฌํ์ฑ๊ณผ ๋คํ๋ฆผ๊ฐ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐํ ๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ๊ฐ๋ฐ
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ์ฌ)-- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ํ๋๊ณผ์ ์๋ฌผ์ ๋ณดํ์ ๊ณต, 2013. 2. ์ํ์.The structure of protein has intimate relationship with the function of protein. The structure of protein is experimentally determined through X-ray crystallography and NMR methods. However, X-ray crystallography is hard to obtain mobile protein structure and crystallization often causes practical problems. NMR structure is impossible in the observation of membranous or large proteins. Thus, theoretical methods for the determination of protein structures are highly concerned to circumvent practical problems. Homology, threading and ab initio modeling are the three typical approaches in protein structure modeling. ab initio modeling is often called as protein folding problem. The natural stable state of protein structure is believed to be the minimal energy state. The critical problem of protein folding research is the impossibility of the exhaustive search of possible conformations. Globularity of the protein structure was assessed in the pursuit of the universal structural constraint while approximated measurement name Gb-index was developed. Strong perfect globe-like character and the relationship between small size and the loss of globular structure was found among 7131 proteins which implies that living organisms have mechanisms to aid folding into the globular structure to reduce irreversible aggregation. This also implies the possible mechanisms of diseases caused by protein aggregation, including some forms of trinucleotide repeat expansion-mediated diseases. Torsion angle constraint mimics natural process of conformational change of proteins which lacks significant movement along covalent bonds and change in bond angles. This torsion angle system was applied to structure alignment to prove the validity as a structural representation. It was more effective to accurately anticipate homology among 1891 pairs of proteins of 62 different proteases and among 1770 pairs of 60 proteins of kinases and proteases with the string of ฯ and ฯ dihedral angle array than famous 3D structural alignment tool TM-align. Secondary structure database and structure alignment web server was constructed from PDB and SCOP entries based on the simple classification scheme according to the backbone torsion angles. The database introduced here offers functions of secondary database searching, secondary structure calculation, and pair-wise protein structure comparison. Visualization during the process of the protein folding simulation is quite interesting regarding the fast apprehension of the states while previous algorithms such as molecular dynamics offers very few options of interference. Computational application named ProtTorter which visualizes three-dimensional conformation, calculates the potential energy, and supplies the user interface for backbone torsion angle manipulation was developed. Using this application, simple folding algorithm was newly investigated. Cotranslational and torsional folding path was utilized in the context of Levinthal paradox. The validity of the folding method was investigated using the test sets of small peptides. Positive result for the possibility of this method was obtained as the stable negative energy minimal structures and fast convergence. Application of torsional system of which validity was proved in the structure alignment assays and globular constraints which might infer solvent interactions by minimizing solvent accessible surface area might be worth for further studies based on the folding algorithm using ProtTorter application.1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of Protein Research 1
1.1.1 The Function and Structure of Protein 2
1.1.2 Protein Secondary Structure 3
1.1.3 Torsion Angle 4
1.1.4 Hydrophobic Effect 5
1.2 Experimental Structure Determination Methods 6
1.2.1 X-ray Crystallography 6
1.2.2 NMR Spectroscopy 6
1.2.3 Limitations of Experimental Methods 7
1.3 Protein Structure Prediction Methods 8
1.3.1 Homology or Comparative Modeling Method 9
1.3.2 Threading Method 10
1.3.3 ab initio Method 12
1.3.3.1 Molecular Dynamics Simulation Method 13
1.3.3.2 Levinthal Paradox 15
1.3.3.3 Lattice Model 15
1.3.3.4 Monte Carlo Method 17
1.3.4 Competition of Protein Structure Prediction Methods: CASP 19
1.4 Studies and Concerns of the Protein Folding Research 20
2 Analysis of Globular Nature of Proteins 24
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 Materials and Methods 26
2.2.1 Data Sets 26
2.2.2 Globularity Measurement 27
2.3 Results and Discussion 28
2.4 Conclusion 32
3 Validity of Protein Structure Alignment Based on Backbone Torsion Angles 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Materials and Methods 43
3.2.1 Definition of ฯ and ฯ Angles 43
3.2.2 Ramachandran Plot RMSD (RamRMSD) 44
3.2.3 Statistical Similarity Measurement with Weight Imposition 45
3.2.4 Alignment Algorithm 46
3.2.5 Parameter Settings for Alignments and Clustering 47
3.2.6 Performance-evaluating Quantities 48
3.2.7 Test Set Preparation 49
3.3 Results and Discussion 50
3.3.1 Sequence and Structure Trees of Different Groups of Proteases 50
3.3.2 Comparison of Backbone Torsion Angle-based Method and TM-align 52
3.3.3 Clustring Trees and Accuracy Analysis with Delineation Set of 30 Kinases and 30 Proteases 55
3.3.4 Computational Time and Complexity 58
3.4 Conclusion 59
4 Secondary Structure Information Repository from Backbone Torsion Angle 67
4.1 Introduction 67
4.2 Materials and Methods 72
4.3 Results 72
4.3.1 User Interface and Architecture 72
4.3.2 Computational Mechanisms 75
4.4 Discussion 79
5 Computational Application for Protein Folding Modeling Based on Backbone Torsion Angle and for Protein Structure Viewing 86
5.1 Introduction 86
5.2 Materials and Methods 90
5.2.1 Computational Framework 90
5.2.2 Model Energy Calculation 90
5.3 Results 93
5.3.1 User Interface 93
5.3.2 Protein Structure File Import 96
5.3.3 Protein Structure File Export 96
5.3.4 Parsing and Initialization of Structure File 96
5.3.5 Structural Representation 98
5.3.6 Modifying Graphical Representation of Structure 99
5.3.7 Protein Model Building 101
5.3.8 Model Modification 103
5.3.9 Model Energy Calculation 104
5.3.10 Local Energy Minima Calculation and Cotranslational Folding 107
5.4 Discussion 107
6 Protein Folding of Cotranslational Initial Structure with Torsional Levinthal Path 114
6.1 Introduction 114
6.2 Materials and Methods 120
6.2.1 Dataset 120
6.2.2 Cotranslational Folding of Initial Structure 121
6.2.3 Iterative Optimization of Initial Structure Following Torsional Folding Path 122
6.3 Results and Discussion 123
6.4 Conclusion 128
7 Summary 137Docto
A Study on Design Methodology by Simulationware in Contemporary Architecture
Highly developed technical innovation with computer popularization is changing our lives, stirring up our outlook on the world, and deeply rooted in our consciousness with an alternative plan that will realize dreams and ideal of human. Simultaneously, those new digital technical innovation menace the old paradigm of architectural circumstance, which can be explained with new buildings in quite different looks than existing. The adoption of digital technology came into our lives much close as most architects make drawings using CAD software. But, now Non-architectural softwares like 3D Digital modelings and simulation programs can be even in use.
Now, concept of desinger could express using several tools that computer program supplies by inside the established architectural design process on computer or includes on computer, and furthermore becomes main concept itself of architectural design. That is, computer generate form of architecture to used on important element of a new spatial experiment in part by an only reappearance tool, and control the transformation and operate by design tools that expand many areas in the brain of designer. For example, simulationware, a contemporary digital tool, is shown such aspect that perspective projection of baroque age is not a reappearance tool as role changes as a method that have produced form and space. Thus, by change of a architectural design tool, reapearance expression medium is reaching in situation that is changing essence of architecture as well as design way or process preferably. This can find in design methodology of extreme and experimental digital vanguard under first name called digital architecture that of definite extent and meaning are not decided yet.
Design methodology of digital vanguards in the progress being, architect does random manufacturing by depend on characteristics of simulationware, or create improvised and arbitrary form through basis property or instruction code of simulationware. It can see that this is thing to acquire logic of autonomous in design through Simulationware's intervention in general process. So, architects of digital age no longer refer external principle such as common datum point of traditional architecture composition and possibility of architecture to language, and is exposing only oneself that is trying to be peculiar and finds design methodologies of emancipatory. And, we can know that intervention in process of architect is slight than Simulationware on design methodology that form by substitute of parameter such as time, physical stress, user is created in algorithm of simulation itself or algorithm by hereditarian information of creature, and algorithm that architect establishes in beginning. In other words, It can see that architect progressed process rather than inflected Simulationware according to own trusted on entirely. because there are a lot of ways that complete through simulationware more than architect in form generation. This is to meaning about independence of control, Even if there is manufacturing of designer, the result is deduced in random and arbitrary form by particular rule and algorithm in Simulationware, It can see as status such as agent of position like designer or tendency that designer depends on to it.
However, It could find new possibility that inventing form as architect bares own relationship plan as is scrupulous without relying on entirely to simulationware through design methodology that is connected from data to diagram, diagram to form.
Like this, genuine value groping is forward left assignment by efficient tool of digital design media in ingenious idea from architect in construction design method, hereupon, It can see that have meaning in point that modern architecture should be generated continuously which discussion about digital technology with development of modern architecture theory in multiplicity viewpoint.์ 1์ฅ ์๋ก = 1
1.1 ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์ = 1
1.2 ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋์ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ = 3
1.3 ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ํ๋ฆ๋ = 4
์ 2์ฅ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์จ์ด์ ๋์
๊ณผ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์งํ = 6
2.1 ๊ฑด์ถ๊ฐ์ ์๋ก์ด ๋๊ตฌ = 6
2.2 ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ๋ณํ์ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์จ์ด์ ์์ = 8
2.3 ๊ฑด์ถ๊ฐ์ ์๋ฐ๋ ํ๋ = 11
์ 3์ฅ ์ ํต์ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ๊ณผ ๋๊ตฌ์ ์๋ฏธ = 16
3.1 ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ๊ณผ ๋์งํธ ๋๊ตฌ์ ๊ฐ์
= 16
3.1.1 ์ผ๋ฐ์ ๋์์ธ ์งํ๊ณผ์ = 16
3.2.1 โ์ปดํจํฐ์-์ํ-๊ฑด์ถโ์ ์๋ฏธ = 18
3.2 ํฌ์๋๋ฒ๊ณผ์ ๋ํ์ฑ = 20
3.3 ๋์์ธ ์์ฑ ์๋จ์ผ๋ก์์ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์จ์ด = 27
3.3.1 2์ฐจ์ CAD์์ NURBS ์ฒด๊ณ์ 3D ์ํํธ์จ์ด๋ก์ ๋ฐ๋ฌ = 27
3.3.2 ๊ฑด์ถ ์กฐํ๊ณผ ๋๊ตฌ์ ๋ํ ์ธ์์ ๋ณํ = 29
์ 4์ฅ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์จ์ด์ ์ํ ๊ฑด์ถ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ์ ์๊ธฐ = 33
4.1 ์์์ ใ์๊ธฐ ์ง์์ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ = 33
4.2 ๊ฑด์ถ๊ฐ์ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์จ์ด์ โ์คํฉ์ฒดโ์ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ = 39
4.3 ์ํ์ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ = 52
4.3.1 ํ๋ผ๋ฏธํฐ์ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์ ์ํ ํํ ์์ฑ = 52
4.3.2 ๋์งํธ ํ์์ ์๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ์ ์ํ ์๊ธฐ ์กฐ์งํ์ ํํ ์์ฑ = 62
4.3.3 ํ ์ฃผ์ฒด์ ์ํ ๋น๊ฒฐ์ ์ ๋์์ธ = 65
4.4 ์๊ฒฐ = 71
์ 5์ฅ ํ๋๊ฑด์ถ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ์ ๋ฏธ๋ = 72
5.1 ์ธ๊ณต์ง๋ฅ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐํ ์ปดํจํฐ ์๋ฎฌ๋ ์ด์
์ ํ์์ ํ๊ณ = 72
5.2 ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์ธก๋ฉด์์์ ํ๋๊ฑด์ถ์ ํ์์ฑ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์กด์ฌ๋ก ์ ์๊ธฐ = 75
5.3 ์ฐฝ์์ ๋์์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ๊ณผ ํจ์จ์ ๋๊ตฌ๋ก์์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ = 82
์ 6์ฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก = 87
์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ = 9
Open Reduction for the 5th Metacarpal Neck Fracture
Purpose: To evaluate the treatment results of open surgery in the 5th metacarpal neck fracture by retrospective analysis.
Materials and Methods: From March 1996 to May 2004, 15 patients who underwent open surgery due to the 5th metacarpal neck fracture were retrospectively reviewed with radiographic and functional analysis. We used the visual analog satisfaction score (0~10) to assess the patientโs subjective satisfaction and the assessment categories including pain, limitation of motion, hand deformity, and function. Patients gave each assessment category 10 points as the best score, and we analyzed the results with a total of 40 points. For open reduction, posterolateral approach was used with the 5th extensor tendon retracted to the ulna or radial side, and then fracture site reduction was done.
Results: There were malunion in 4 cases, rotational deformity in 2 cases, redisplacement after closed reduction in 6 cases, displaced intraarticular fracture in 2 cases, and open fracture in 1 case. Patient subjective satisfaction score was an average of 34.6 points (29~38 points). Average dorsal angulation was 50.2ห(41ห~ 72ห) in the preoperative oblique radiographs and 18.4ห(15ห~41ห) at the last follow up.
Conclusion: Open surgery should be recommanded for the treatment of the 5th metacarpal neck fracture in cases of malunion, rotational deformity, unstable and redisplaced fracture, displaced intrarticular fracture, and displaced growth plate injury.ope
ํ์ ๋ถ์ ์ ๋ฒ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์ ๋น๊ต ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ (์์ฌ) -- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ํ์ ๋ํ์ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์
์ ์ฑ
ํ๊ณผ, 2020. 8. ์ ์ํ.์ต๊ทผ ๊ธ๊ฒฉํ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ณํ ์์์ ํ์ ์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋์ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ์ ๋ถํ์ ์ด ๊ฐ์กฐ๋๊ณ ์๋ค. ์ ๋ถ๋ถ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐํ์ ์๋๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ก ํ๊ณ ์๊ตฌ๋๋ ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ถ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ์ฌ์กฐ์ ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๊ด๋ฆฌ์ ํจ์จํ๋ฅผ ์ํด ์๋ก์ด ์ ๋์ ๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฒ๋ค์ด ๋์
๋๊ณ ์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์ด๋ฌํ ์ ๋์ ๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฒ๋ค์ด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ์ ํ์ ํ์ค์ ๊ณ ๋ ค์์ ๋ฌด๋ถ๋ณํ๊ฒ ๋์
๋๊ณ ์ ๋ถ์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ๋ถํฉํ์ง ์์์๋ ์ ์ฉ๋ ์๋ก์ด ์ ๋๋ ๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฒ๋ค์ ์ฑํจ์ ๋ํด์๋ ๊ตญ๋ด์ธ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ก ํ๊ณ ๋ง์ ๋
ผ๋์ด ์๋ค.
์ค์ ํ์ ๋ถ์ฒ์ ๋ํ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ค์๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ ์ต๊ทผ ๋ณํ๋๋ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ๋
ธ์ถ๋ ์กฐ์ง์ ๋ฌธํ์ ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ๋ถ์กฑํ๊ณ , ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ ์ฑ
์ ๊ฒฐ์ ๊ณผ์ ์์ ์
๋ฒ๋ถ๊ฐ ์ฐจ์งํ๋ ์ญํ ์ ์ ์ฐจ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ปค์ง์๋ ์
๋ฒํ๋์ ์ง์ํ๋ ๊ตญํ ์์๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ถ์กฑํ ์ค์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ด๋ จ๋ ์์์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ตญํ ์์๊ธฐ๊ด ์ค ์ผ๋ถ๋ง์ผ๋ก ํ์ ํ๋ ํ๊ณ๊ฐ ์์๋ค. ๋ํ ๊ฒฝ์๊ฐ์น๋ชจํ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ ์ ํ์ด ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ์, ์ค์ ํ์ ๋ถ์ฒ์ ๊ตญํ ์์๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๋น๊ตํ๋ฉด์ ์ฐ๊ตฌํ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ฌดํ ์ค์ ์ด๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋ฌธ์ฌ์ธ์ ๋ถ ๋ค์ด์ ์ง์์ ์ผ๋ก ์ถ์งํด์จ ์ ๋ถํ์ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฐ์๋ ํ์ ์กฐ์ง์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ์ ํํ๊ฒ ์ง๋จํ ํ์๊ฐ ์๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ ํฌ๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฐ์ง๊ฐ ๋๋ค. ํ๋๋ ํ์ ๋ถ์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ์
๋ฒ๋ถ์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ๋น๊ตํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๊ณ , ๋ค๋ฅธ ํ๋๋ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ๊ฐ ํ์ ๋ถ ์ ์
๋ฒ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ์ ๋น๊ตํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ๊ฐ ์กฐ์ง์ ๊ด๋ฆฌ์๋ค์๊ฒ ํฅํ ์กฐ์ง๊ด๋ฆฌ์ ์์ด ์ผ์ ํ ์์ฌ์ ์ ์ ๊ณตํ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ํ๋จ๋๋ค.
์๊ธฐ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์ ๋ฌ์ฑ์ ์ํด ์ค์ฆ๋ถ์์ ์ค์ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์์ฝํ๋ฉด ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋ค.
์ฒซ์งธ, ํ์ ์กฐ์ง ์ ํ๋ณ ๊ณต๋ฌด์๋ค์ด ์ธ์ํ๋ ์ง๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ๋ํด์๋ ํ์ ๋ถ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ ํฉ๋ฆฌ๋ฌธํ์ ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ, ์
๋ฒ๋ถ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ง๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ๋ก ์ธ์ํ๊ณ , ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ๋ ํ์ ์กฐ์ง ์ ํ๊ฐ ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ ์ธ์์ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ ์์๋ค
๋์งธ, ํ์ ์กฐ์ง ์ ํ๋ณ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ๊ฐ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ํฅ์ ๋ํด์๋ ํ์ ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ์ง๋จ๋ฌธํ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋ฌธํ๋ฟ๋ง์ด ์๋๋ผ ํฉ๋ฆฌ๋ฌธํ์ ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ ๋ํ ๊ณต๋ฌด์๋ค์ ์ง๋ฌด๋ง์กฑ ํฅ์์ ๊ธ์ ์ ์ธ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ํ๋ฌ๊ณ , ๋ํ ์ง๋จ๋ฌธํ, ๋ฐ์ ๋ฌธํ ๋ฟ๋ง์ด ์๋๋ผ ํฉ๋ฆฌ๋ฌธํ์ ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ ๋ํ ๊ณต๋ฌด์๋ค์ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์
ํฅ์์ ์ ์๋ฏธํ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ํ๋ฌ๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์
๋ฒ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์๋ ์ง๋จ๋ฌธํ์ ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ๋ง์ด ํด๋น ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ์ง๋ฌด๋ง์กฑ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์
์ ๊ธ์ ์ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ํ๋ฌ๋ค
์
์งธ, ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ง์๋ค์ ์ง๋ฌด๋ง์กฑ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์
, ์ฆ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ๊ธ์ ์ ์ธ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์ธ์ํ๋ ์
๋ฒ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์ ์กฐ์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์๊ณ๋ฌธํ๊ฐ ํ์ ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์ ๋นํด ์
๋ฒ๋ถ ๊ณต๋ฌด์์๊ฒ ์ง๋ฌด๋ง์กฑ์ ์ธ์์ ์กฐ์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ํ๋ด๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์๋์๋ค.
์ด๋ฌํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ง๋ ์์ฌ์ ์ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋ค.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋๋ผ ์ ๋ถ์กฐ์ง์ด ์กฐ์ง์ฑ๊ณผ ํฅ์์ ์ํ์ฌ ์ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ด๋ฆฌ(New Public Management: NPM)์ด๋
์ ๋ฐ์๋ค์ฌ, ์์ ์ ๋ถ์ ์์ฅ๊ฒฝ์์ ์งํฅํ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ํ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ์กฐ์ , ์ฑ๊ณผ๊ธ ๋ณด์์ , ๋ชฉํ๊ด๋ฆฌ์ (MBO: Management by Objectives), ์ฐ๋ด์ , ๊ท ํ์ฑ๊ณผํ(BSC: Balanced Score Card)์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ค์ํ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๊ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฒ๋ค์ ์ ์ฉํ๋ ๋ฑ ์ ๋์ ์์คํ
์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ํ์ ์กฐ์ง๊ฐ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ ์ฐจ์ด์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ด ๋ฌด๋ถ๋ณํ๊ฒ ์ ์ฉํ๊ณ ์๋ ์ค์ ์ด๋ค. 46๊ฐ์ ์ ๋ถ ์ค์๋ถ์ฒ์ 4๊ฐ์ ๊ตญํ์์๊ธฐ๊ด ๋ชจ๋๋ฅผ ๋์์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ํ์ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋นํด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์ผ๋ฐํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ๋์ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ ๋๋ก ์ ๋ถ ์ค์๋ถ์ฒ์ ๊ตญํ์์ ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๊ณต๋ฌด์๋ค์ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋ ํฅ์์ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋ค๋ฅธ, ์ ํฉํ ์ ๋ต์ ์๋ฆฝํ์ฌ ์ ์ํ ์ ์๋ค๋ ์ ์์ ํ์ค์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ์ฉ์ฑ์ ์ง๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ ํ ์ ์๋ค.Amid recent drastic changes in the environment, government innovation to improve administration in a better direction has been emphasized. Since reform of the government sector is a task required regardless of the times, new systems and management techniques are being introduced to readjust government functions and streamline organizational management. However, there is a lot of controversy both at home and abroad about the success or failure of these systems and management techniques, which are indiscriminately introduced without considering our administrative reality and do not conform to the organizational culture of the government.
Despite the recent lack of research on organizational culture in the central administration, and the role of the legislature in the process of determining national policies has gradually grown, there is also a lack of research on organizational culture in the National Assembly's institutions that support legislative activities, and a small number of related studies have been limited to only a few of the National Assembly's affiliated organizations. In addition, there is no paper that has been studied comparing the central administration and the National Assembly's agencies with the impact of organizational culture type on job attitudes according to the competitive value model. Therefore, through this study, it needs to accurately diagnose the administrative organization's corporate culture that reflects efforts which Moon Jae-in administration continues to innovate the government.
There are two main objectives of this study. One is to compare the organizational culture of the administration with that of the legislature, and the other is to compare the job attitude of the administration officials with that of the legislature officials. These findings are believed to provide managers of each organization with certain implications for future organizational management.
The empirical analysis was conducted to achieve the above research objectives, and the results of the research are summarized as follows.
First, regarding the dominant organizational culture perceivced by public officials by type of administrative organization, the rational culture and hierarchical culture were recognized as the dominant organizational culture in the case of the administration, and the hierarchical culture in the case of the legislature, there was no difference in the perception of hierarchical culture between the two types of administrative organizations
Second, regarding the influence of organizational culture on attitude by type of administrative organization, it was found that not only development culture and rational culture, but also rational culture and hierarchical culture had a positive impact on the improvement of job satisfaction of public officials in administration, and that hierarchical culture, as well as collective culture, development culture and rational culture, also had a significant impact on the improvement of public officials' organizational involvement. And in the case of public officials in the legislature, only the collective culture and hierarchical culture have a positive effect on the job satisfaction and organizational involvement of the relevant public officials.
Third, as a result of analyzing the adjustment effect in the case of a legislative official who perceived hierarchical culture as having a positive effect on the job satisfaction and organizational involvement of members of the organization, it was analyzed that hierarchical culture had an adjustment effect on the perception of job satisfaction to a legislative official compared to an administrative official.
The implications of these findings are as follows.
In order to improve organizational performance, Korean government organizations adopt the concept of new public management (NPM) and pursue market competition and small governments, and apply various private management techniques such as privatization, restructuring, performance-based remuneration, target management system (MBO), annual salary system, and balance sheet (BSC) to the organization of public officials in the National Assembly without any research on differences in organizational culture between administrative organizations.
Based on the results of this study, which is more likely to generalize the results of the research than the previous research, it can be said to be of practical use in that it can establish and present different strategies for improving the attitude of government central and parliamentary officials.์ 1 ์ฅ ์๋ก 1
์ 1 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ํ์์ฑ 1
์ 2 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋์ ๋ฐ ๋ฒ์ 3
์ 3 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ 4
์ 2 ์ฅ ์ด๋ก ์ ๋
ผ์์ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒํ 6
์ 1 ์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ๋ํ ๋
ผ์ 6
1. ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ๊ฐ๋
6
2. ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ์ ํ 8
์ 2 ์ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ๋ํ ๋
ผ์ 12
1. ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ๊ฐ๋
12
2. ์ง๋ฌด๋ง์กฑ ๋
ผ์ 13
3. ์กฐ์ง๋ชฐ์
๋
ผ์ 14
์ 3 ์ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ์ด๋ก ๋ฐ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ 15
1. ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ์ง๋ฌดํ๋์ ์ด๋ก ์ ๋
ผ์ 15
2. ์ค์ํ์ ๊ธฐ๊ด ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ์ ๊ดํ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ 18
5. ์
๋ฒ๋ถ(๊ตญํ์์๊ธฐ๊ด) ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ 20
์ 4 ์ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒํ ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ์ค ์ค์ 21
์ 3 ์ฅ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ค๊ณ ๋ฐ ๋ถ์๋ฐฉ๋ฒ 26
์ 1 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ 26
์ 2 ์ ๋ถ์๋ฐฉ๋ฒ 27
1. ๋ถ์์๋ฃ 27
2. ์ธก์ ๋๊ตฌ์ ๊ตฌ์ฑ 28
3. ๋ถ์๋ฐฉ๋ฒ 33
์ 4 ์ฅ ๋ถ์๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 34
์ 1 ์ ์กฐ์ฌ์๋ฃ์ ์ผ๋ฐํํฉ 34
์ 2 ์ ๋ณ์์ ๊ธฐ์ ํต๊ณ ๋ถ์ 39
์ 3 ์ ์๊ด๊ด๊ณ ๋ถ์ 41
์ 4 ์ ๊ฐ์ค๊ฒ์ฆ 43
์ 5 ์ฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก 59
์ 1 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ข
ํฉ 59
์ 2 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์ ์ฑ
์ ํจ์ 62
์ 3 ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ํ๊ณ ๋ฐ ํฅํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํฅ 63Maste
์ฒจ๋จ๊ธฐ์ ์ฐ์ ์์ ์ธ์ํฉ๋ณ ํ ํ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ: ์ฃผ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ด์ ์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ (์์ฌ)-- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ๊ฒฝ์ํ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ํ์ ๊ณต, 2015. 8. ์กฐ์น์.๊ฒฝ์์ง์ ์ฃผ์๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์
์ ํ๋์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ์ค์ํ ์์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์ธ์๋์์์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ , ๊ฒฝ์์ง์ ์ฃผ์๊ฐ ์ธ์ํฉ๋ณ ํ ํ์ ์ ๋ผ์น๋ ์ํฅ์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ถ์กฑํ์๋ค. ๋ณธ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฒฝ์์ง์ ๊ธฐ์
๊ฐ์ ์งํฅ์ฑ, ๋ฏธ๋ ์งํฅ์ฑ, ๋ณํ ์งํฅ์ฑ์ด ์ธ์ํฉ๋ณ ํ ํ์ ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ํจ๊ณผ์ ๋ํด ์ฐ๊ตฌํ๋ค. ๋ํ ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ธฐ์
ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์กฐ์ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ต์ ๋ณด์์ฑ์ ์กฐ์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ฐ๊ตฌํจ์ผ๋ก์จ, ์ธ์ํฉ๋ณ ํ ํ์ ์ ์ํฅ์ ๋ผ์น ์ ์๋ ์ ํฉํ ์กฐ์ง์ ?ํ๊ฒฝ์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ ์ฐพ์๋ณด๊ณ , ์ฃผ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ด์ ์ ์ค๋ช
์ ๋ณด์ํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค. ์ฒจ๋จ๊ธฐ์ ์ฐ์
์์ 177๊ฐ์ ์ธ์ํฉ๋ณ์ ํ๋ณธ์ ์ถ์ถํ์ฌ ๋ถ์ํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋๋ถ๋ถ์ ๊ฐ์ค์ด ์ง์ง๋จ์ ํ์ธํ์๋ค. ๋์๊ฐ ์ฃผ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ด์ ์ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ์ฌ ์ด๋ก ์ , ์ค์ฆ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณตํ ์ ์์๋ค.Despite the growing recognition of managerial attention as one of critical factors that drive firm behavior, its influence on the post-acquisition innovativeness has been neglected. In this study, we examine the effects of entrepreneurial focus, future focus, and change focus on post-acquisition innovativeness. Also, we investigate the moderating role of firm size disparity and that of strategic complementarity in order to find the optimal organizational and environmental fit that influences post-acquisition innovativeness and to complete the explanations of attention-based view (ABV). Drawing from the sample of 177 M&A deals in high-tech industry, we have found out that most of our hypotheses were supported. In addition, theoretical and empirical contributions for attention-based view were provided.I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. LITERATURE REVIEW 7
III. THEORY 11
IV. HYPOTHESES 17
4.1. Entrepreneurial Focus of the Acquiring Firm 18
4.2. Future Focus of the Acquiring Firm 20
4.3. Change Focus of the Acquiring Firm 21
4.4. Moderating Role of Firm Size Disparity 24
4.5. Moderating Role of Strategic Complementarity 28
V. METHODS 32
5.1. Sample 32
5.2. Measurements 33
5.2.1. Dependent Variable 33
5.2.2. Explanatory Variables 33
5.2.3. Control Variables 34
5.3. Analysis 35
VI. RESULTS 38
VII. DISCUSSION 49
7.1. Theoretical and Managerial Implications 51
7.2. Limitations and Future Research 53
VIII. CONCLUSION 55
REFERENCES 56
๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ด๋ก 64Maste
Expression of Ubiquitin and Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule in the Muscles of Spastic Cerebral Palsy Patients
Purpose: This study was performed to examine the histopathologic changes of muscles and the expression patterns of ubiquitin and N-CAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) in accordance with cerebral palsy patientโs spasticity.
Materials and Methods: We studied thirteen specimens from seven patients with spastic cerebral palsy, five patients suspected to have neuromuscular diseases, and one normal person. We performed the routine histologic procedures, the reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunostaining.
Results: There were no disease-specific abnormalities related with the degree of spasticity on histopathologic evaluation. However, in the cerebral palsy patients, the degree of spasticity seems to have positive correlations with the expression of ubiquitin gene and negative correlations with the expression of N-CAM gene. On the other hand, in the immunostaining procedures, the reactions to ubiquitin protein were all negative and reactions to N-CAM protein were strongly positive only in two hereditary motor sensory neuropathy patients.
Conclusion: The results of our study seem to be caused by multiple mechanisms. If more studies about the changes after the transcription of ubiquitin and N-CAM genes are performed, these results can be applied to the research and treatment of cerebral palsy on molecular biologic aspects.ope
Fragment Excision for the Treatment of Hamate Hook Nonunion
Purpose: To evaluate the treatment results of fragment excision of the hamate hook nonunion.
Materials and Methods: Nine patients operated for hamate hook nonunion were reviewed retrospectively, and were clinically assessed for pain, range of motion, tingling sensation, and grip strength postoperatively.
Results: The initial symptoms were pain (3 cases), tingling sensation (3 cases), 5th DIP joint flexion LOM (2 cases), and pain and accompanying LOM in 5th DIP joint flexion (1 case). The causes of injuries seemed to be mainly associated with sports activities. Time from initial symptom to diagnosis was averaged 15 months (2 months-5 years), and confirmative image was plain x-ray (one case), carpal tunnel view (six cases), and CT scan (two cases). All patients underwent fragment excision, and in three patients with accompanying carpal tunnel syndrome, transverse carpal ligament release was performed accordingly. In three other patients complicated with 5th FDP rupture, tenorrhaphy was performed in two cases, and tendon transfer was performed in the other case. Eight patients showed excellent clinical results one year postoperatively, but one patient complained of transient tingling sensation on the 4th and 5th fingers.
Conclusion: Hamate hook excision after nonunion showed excellent clinical results in one year postoperative follow-up.ope
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