척수 탈출증 또는 경막내 종양 없이 발생한 흉추부 척수 국소 전방전위의 자기공명영상학적 소견

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 임상의과학과, 2015. 2. 이준우.Introduction: This study aimed to report MR findings on the focal anterior displacement of the thoracic spinal cord in asymptomatic patients without a spinal cord herniation or intradural mass. Methods: Between 2007 and 2011, we collected a total of 12 patients (male: female = 6:6mean age, 51.7range: 15–83 years) with focal anterior displacement of the spinal cord and without evidence of an intradural mass or spinal cord herniation. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed the MR imaging findings in consensus. Results: In all patients, an asymmetric spinal cord deformity with a focal dented appearance was seen on the posterior surface of the spinal cord, and it involved a length of 1 or 2 vertebral segments in the upper thoracic spine (the first to 6th thoracic vertebrae). Moreover, a focal widening of the posterior subarachnoid space was also observed in all cases. None of the patients had myelopathy symptoms, and, with the exception of one patient, they showed no focal T2-hyperintensity in the spinal cord. In addition, cerebrospinal fluid flow artifacts were seen in the posterior subarachnoid space of the affected spinal cord level. CT myelography revealed a preserved CSF flow in the two available patients. Conclusions: Focal anterior spinal cord indentation can be found in the upper thoracic level of asymptomatic patients without a spinal cord herniation or intradural mass.Abstract i Contents iii List of tables and figures iv Introduction 1 Material and Methods 3 Results 6 Discussion 14 References 20 Abstract in Korean 23Maste

Now and Future of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists

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A Study on acceptance factors of smart TVs - Focusing on UX, UI

이 논문은 이종윤의 박사학위논문, 한국 방송학보 논문을 수정 보완하여 완성하였음.Background 최근 융합 미디어의 주역으로 자리잡고 있는 스마트TV는 새로운 콘텐츠와 서비스에 대한 사용과 요구를 바탕으로 스마트기기 사용 경험을 지니고 있는 사용자 경험과 사용자 인터페이스의 활성화 및 확장을 통해 발전할 것으로 전망된다.Methods 본 연구의 목적은 스마트TV 채택의도에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 찾아내고, 그 영향력의 관계를 분석하는 것에 있다. 기존 기술수용모델에서 검증되었던 채택의도에 영향을 미치는 인지된 용이성 및 인지된 유용성과 함께 사용자와 상호작용하는 스마트TV의 매체 특성상 사용자 개인의 내적 특성(스마트 기기 이용경험)과 외적 특성(기능적 사용자 인터페이스, 감성적 사용자 인터페이스)을 포함하는 수정 기술수용모델을 수립, 구조방정식 모형을 이용하여 스마트TV 채택 결정요인에 대한 영향력의 관계를 정량적으로 확인하였다.Results 구조방정식 모형을 이용한 분석결과, 인지된 용이성은 인지된 유용성에 영향을 미치고, 용이성과 유용성은 사용자의 스마트TV 채택의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 선행변수로서 스마트폰 등의 사용경험, 기능적 사용자 인터페이스 등이 용이성에 영향을 미쳤고, 감성적 사용자 인터페이스는 유용성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.Conclusion 스마트TV 확산의 초기 단계를 넘어 다음 단계를 위해서 인간의 미묘한 감성까지 전달하여 이용자의 주관적 만족감을 향상시킬 수 있는 그래픽 이용자 인터페이스의 개발이 필요하다. 이는 스마트TV 채택결정 요인을 디자인 측면에서의 감성적인 사용자 인터페이스와 기능적 사용자 인터페이스 변인들을 검증, 분석한 선험적인 연구로 학문적 의의가 있을 것이다. 이러한 연구 결과는 스마트 TV 연구의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 사용자 경험, 기능적·감성적 사용자 인터페이스 등의 외생변인의 영향력을 파악할 수 있어 학문적·디자인 산업적 의미를 지닌다.Background The main role of smart TVs is to converge media. They are expected to develop further through the activation and expansion of user experience and user interface. These users are also experienced using smart devices due to the user requirements of new contents and services. Methods The purpose of this study is to find factors that affect the adoption of smart TVs, and to analyze its relationship in terms of influence. Together with their perceived usefulness and perceived ease which affects adoption based on the existing technology acceptance models, and due to the interactive nature of smart TV media with its users by establishing the modified technical acceptance models including the inner personal characteristics (smart appliances user experience) and external characteristics (functional user interface, emotional user interface), and using a structural equation model, the relationship of influences on decision factors for smart TV adoption was confirmed quantitatively. Results Based on the analysis, it is evident that using the structural equation models results in the perception of easy usability, which affects the perceived usefulness, and this usefulness and usability affect the user"s adoption of smart TV. Meanwhile, variables such as the user experience of smart phones and functional user interfaces was shown to affect the ease of usability, and emotional user interfaces have an impact on its usefulness. Conclusion There is a need for the development of a graphical user interface that can enhance the user"s subjective satisfaction by passing over the subtle human sensibility for the next step beyond the initial stages of Smart TV diffusion. To verify and analyze the SmatrTV adoption determinants interms of design fore motional user interface and functional user interface variables will have academic significance as a priori research. The results of these studies are meaningful from an academic and design industrial perspective as to identify the influence of exogenous variables such as user experience and functional and emotional user interface that can be the core of smart TV research.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000025799/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2013-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000025799ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A075458DEPT_CD:611CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:스마트TV_채택의도에_미치는_요인에_관한_연구.pdfDEPT_NM:디자인학부EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:NCONFIRM:

Reocclusion and Hemorrhagic Transformation following Thrombolytic Therapy

In patients with acute ischemic stroke, early treatment with thrombolytic agents is thought to permit reperfusion to ischemic but still viable brain areas and to promote recovery of function. However, reocclusion and hemorrhagic transformation may occur after thrombolysis and these are major factors of no-improvement or deterioration despite the initial successful recanalization. Reocclusion occurs frequently during or immediately after successful recanalization, often silently. In the case of reocclusion, initial platelet-fibrin thrombi are converted into platelet-rich thrombi by platelet-mediated thrombotic mechanisms. Therefore, if can be effectively resolved by use of the platelet membrane glycoprotein Iib/IIIa receptor inhibitors such as abciximab. Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a well-known factor limiting the use of thrombolytics and negating the effect of the treatment. Recent studies demonstrate that loss of integrity of the blood-brain barrier in association with active proteolytic degradation of vascular extracellular matrix is a key molecular pathway leading to HT. Therapeutic strategies to prevent reocclusion and HT by use of agents that act against these mechanisms before or during thrombolysis are warranted to enhance the efficacy of reperfusion therapy in stroke.ope

Rescue Collateral Flow in Color Duplex Sonography

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Comparison of Nerve Conduction Studies between the Patients with Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsies and Charcot-Marie-Tooth1A

Background: Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth1A (CMT1A) are autosomal dominant inherited demyelinating neuropathy associated with the deletion or duplication of 17p11.2-p12 segments including the gene for peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22). The aim of this study is to compare the electrophysiological features of these two disorders genetically related. Methods: We studied the nerve conduction studies of genetically confirmed 43 HNPP in 23 families and 31 CMT1A patients in 13 families. Results: Nerve conduction studies presented prolonged terminal latency, slow nerve conduction velocity and low amplitude of compound muscle or nerve action potentials in both diseases, but more severe in CMT1A. The incidence of conduction block with or without dispersion was higher in CMT1A than HNPP, with 23.6% and 5.7% respectively. CMT1A revealed a rather even distribution of abnormalities in segmental nerve conduction studies than HNPP. HNPP showed frequent involvements at the segment of entrapment-prone site such as peroneal and ulnar nerves. The characteristical differences of these diseases could be defined by the quantitative correlation study. The correlation coefficients of nerve conduction velocities between tested nerves in the same or different limbs and between tested segments of the same nerve was much higher in CMT1A than HNPP. Conclusions: We conclude that CMT1A presents with more severe diffuse and uniform slowing, whereas HNPP presents with focal electrophysiological abnormalities.ope

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Aortic Plaques In Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a useful tool for evaluating aortic plaques. Several investigators have reported that the aortic arch atherosclerosis is a potential source of systemic emboli and an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. But the clinical characteristics and neuroimaging findings of the stroke patients with aortic plaques remain unknown. Methods: From Yonsei Stroke Registry, we reviewed 333 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke, who underwent both TEE and vascular imaging studies. We analyzed the risk factor profiles, clinical features, neuroimaging findings, and TEE data of these patients. Based on the TEE findings, the plaques protruding into the lumen≥4 mm, mobile or ulcerated lesions in the proximal aorta were defined as complex aortic plaques (CAP). The possible etiologies of stroke were classified into four groups; CAP only group, potential cardiac sources of embolism (PCSE) only group, relevant artery atherosclerosis (RAA) only group, and more than two etiologies or cryptogenic group (uncertain group). Results: Among the 333patients, aortic plaques were found in 105 (31.5%) patients, Fifty nine patients (17.7%) had the CAP. The patients with CAP were older (p<0.01) and had more frequent history of cigarette smoking (p=0.01) and ischemic stroke (p=0.04) than those without. Total cholesterol level was also higher (p=0.02). The etiologic evaluations revealed CAP only in 31 (9.3%), PCSE only in 68 (20.4%), RAA only in 59 (17.7%), uncertain mechanism in 175 (52.6%) patients. The CAP only group less often had cortical dysfunctions (9.7%, p<0.05), but more likely to have a classic lacunar syndrome (54.8%, <0.01). Less than 1 cm sized lesions were frequently found in CAP only group (55.6%), when compared with PCSE only (19.4%, p<0.01), RAA only (29.8%, p=0.03), or uncertain group (25.0%, p<0.01). Conclusions: Aortic plaques were frequently found in acute stroke patients. The CAPs were closely related with old age, smoking, previous stroke, and hypercholesterolemia. The clinical presentations of CAP patients were characterized by minor stroke symptoms and small lesion sizes.ope

The Japanese Way of Technology Transfer from the Perspective of the Korean Auto Industry

It is the step by step improvement approach that forms the most salient feature of the technological development in the Japanese car industry. The QC circle activity of the shop floor is the core of the Jpanese style self management by the production workers. As the Japanese R & D personnels, engineers, and workers are well coordinated, so that system forms the basis of the international competitiveness of the Japanese car industry. The international division of labor among the automobile firms the Japan, ANIEs and ASEAN regions is precipitated. And the Japanese firms transfer technology and know-how to the partners, needed for the supply of the qualified parts. In order to absorb advanced technology, they also have established R & D institutions in America and Germany. The Korean auto firms, which try to import Japanese technology , had better keep cooperative relations with the Japanese car makers under the system of the international division of labor

Studies of Pregnancy Test using the Male Rana Nigromaculata Hallowell., Indigenous Frog of Korea.

A positive response was the presence of sperm in the frog s cloacal urine two hours after injecting a specimen into its dorsal lymph sac. The test was performed using a urine specimen from 120 normal pregnant women, and from 52 pathological pregnancy cases such as hydatidiform mole, chorio· epithelioma, ectopic pregnancy, abortion, missed aboI" tion and fetal death in utero. Serum specimens from 110 normal pregnant women were also studied. To shorten the response time , hyaluronidase was added to the urine and serum specimens. The test was also carried out to determine the response in either summer or winter under various temperature condit- Ions. Specimens stored at room temperature or refrigerated were tested. Responses to specimens obtained in early gestation and in the puerperal period were noted. Other body fluids such as saliva , milk , amniotic fluid and spinal fluid were also utilized to determine their effects on the frog. Response to human placental ext· ract and urine from patients with various neoplasms in addition to various hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, testosterone , cortisone, pituitrin, and adrenaline were also studied. Finally, the time·dose relationship and the sperm number-dose relationship were observed

Comparison of nerve conduction studies between hereditary neuropathy with liability to press

의학과/석사[한글] Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy(HNPP)와 Charcot-Marie-Tooth1A(CMT1A)는 상염색체 우성 유전성 탈수초성 말초신경질환으로서 염색체 17p11.2-p12 유전자의 이상에 의하여 발생한다. 이 두가지 질환은 동일한 유전자의 이상으로 발현됨이 밝혀져 있는데 CMT1A는 유전자의 중복, HNPP는 결손에 의하여 나타나며 임상적 특성과 전기생리학적 특징이 서로 다르다. 이 연구는 1995년 1월부터 2003년 2월까지 본원에 내원하여 유전자 검사상 HNPP 및 CMT1A로 확진 된 환자를 대상으로 하여 두 질환군의 신경전도 검사를 정성적 및 정량적으로 비교 분석하였다. 1.유전자 검사로 확인된 HNPP는 23가족 43명 이였으며, CMT1A는 13가족 31명 이였다. 2.신경전도검사에서 구획 별 신경전달속도의 지연 빈도는 HNPP가 28.2%(정중운동신경 상완구획)부터 95.8%(척골감각신경)까지 다양한데 비해서 CMT1A는 73.0%(척골운동신경 근위부구획)부터 100%(정중감각신경)까지 비교적 일정하였다. 3.복합근육활동전위나 복합신경활동전위가 검출되지 않는 환자의 빈도도 HNPP는 비골운동신경의 11.7% 미만인데 비해서 CMT1A에서는 운동신경중 비골신경(51.4%) 및 모든 감각신경의 50% 이상에서 검출되지 않았다. 운동신경의 전도차단(conduction block) 소견은 HNPP에서는 전체 283지 중 16지(5.7%)에서, CMT1A에서는 총 148지 중 35지(23.6%)에서 관찰되었다. 이중 복합근육활동전위의 분산은 HNPP에서는 5지, CMT1A에서는 9지에서 나타났다. 4.정량적으로 양군의 신경전도검사 결과를 비교한 결과 운동신경에서는 비골신경의 말단잠복기를 제외한 나머지 신경에서 말단잠복기, 신경전달속도 및 복합근육활동 전위진폭이 통계학적으로 유의하게 차이가 있는데, CMT1A이 HNPP에 비해 더 심한 양상을 보였다. 감각신경의 신경전달 속도와 복합신경활동전위의 진폭은 비복신경에서 차이가 있었다. 5.상지 운동신경의 말단부와 근위부 신경전달속도 및 검사를 시행한 상하지 운동 신경전달속도 사이의 상관계수는 CMT1A가 0.9이상으로 매우 높은데 비해서 HNPP에서는 0.5 이하였다. 감각신경 전달속도도 CMT1A이 HNPP보다 높은 상관계수를 보였다. 위의 결과로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 1) 양 군 모두 신경전도 검사에서 신경전달 속도의 저하와 복합활동전위의 진폭 감소 소견이 관찰되었는데, CMT1A가 HNPP에 비해서 더 심한 양상을 보였다. 2) 운동신경 전도검사에서 신경전도차단과 복합근육활동 전위의 분산은 CMT1A에서 더 흔하게 관찰되었다. 3) CMT1A는 검사 구획 별 이상소견의 빈도와 정도가 비교적 균등한데 비해서 HNPP는 쉽게 압박받을 수 있는 구획을 주로 침범하는 비균등성의 특징을 보였다. 이 특징은 검사 신경간 및 동일 신경의 신경전달속도의 상관계수 비교에서도 확인할 수 있었다. [영문] Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy(HNPP) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth1A(CMT1A) are autosomal dominant inherited demyelinating neuropathy associated with deletion or duplication of 17p11.2-p12 segment including the gene for peripheral myelin protein 22(PMP22). We studied the nerve conduction studies of genetically confirmed 43 HNPP in 23 families and 31 CMT1A patients in 13 families. Nerve conduction studies presented prolonged terminal latency, slow nerve conduction velocity and low amplitude of compound muscle or nerve action potentials in both diseases, but more severe in CMT1A. The incidence of conduction block with or without dispersion was higher in CMT1A than HNPP, with 23.6% and 5.7% respectively. CMT1A revealed rather even distribution of abnormalities in segmental nerve conduction studies than HNPP. HNPP showed frequent involvement at the segment of entrapment-prone site such as peroneal and ulnar nerves. This characteristic difference of these diseases could be defined by the quantitative correlation study. The correlation coefficients of nerve conduction velocities between tested nerves in the same or different limbs and between tested segments of the same nerve was much higher in CMT1A than HNPP.ope