79 research outputs found

    Development and Evaluation of a Novel Ergonomic Ambient Display for Rectifying Poor Sitting Postural Behaviors

    Get PDF
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ธ์ง€๊ณผํ•™์ „๊ณต, 2017. 2. ๋ฐ•์šฐ์ง„.Complete and accurate self-awareness of personal habitual behaviors can be a challenging task for modern day people. It is especially true when it comes to old habits, such as those of sitting postures. Awkward sitting postures, which are known to be a risk factor of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, are by and large habitual. Due to their habitual nature, seated workers find it difficult to detect the occurrences of awkward sitting postures and correct them in a timely fashion. A system which enhances a seated workers awareness of working posture with little disturbance to computer task would greatly help reduce physical stresses associated with seated work tasks. Several studies have developed systems that monitor a workers sitting behavior in real time and provide feedback to users when necessaryyet, few empirical studies were conducted to compare different display types and there is no consensus on which type of feedback display is the most suitable for daily use. As an effort towards developing an effective system for enabling awareness of sitting posture in an unobtrusive manner, this study developed a novel ergonomic ambient display based on the multiple resource model. The display used ambient light in the peripheral visual area to convey feedback information to computer users. An empirical study was conducted to evaluate the ambient display in comparison with a typical pop-up display. The evaluation criteria were the effectiveness in rectifying poor sitting posture, the level of interference in the primary computer task, the detectability of feedback alarm during primary task, and user acceptance. A posture feedback system based on a sensor-chair was developed and the same feedback algorithm was implemented in each display. Both displays were found to cause changes in the occurrence of poor sitting position. The percentage of time of poor postures was similar in the ambient display and the pop-up display conditions. Also, the ambient display interfered computer task less than the pop-up display with lower mental workload. The results of subjective ratings showed that the ambient display was more visible during the computer tasks and was expected to contribute to posture correction more than the pop-up display. The results of this study seems to support the fourth dimension of the multiple resource model. Further studies for a long-term study of the ambient display and the development of adaptive ambient display are suggested. The findings from this study will be of great help to the engineers and designers, who are interested in using ambient display to develop an effective digital device to evoke changes in human behavior.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Related Studies 6 Chapter 3. Design and Implementation of a Novel Ergonomic Ambient Display 19 Chapter 4. Empirical Evaluation 30 Chapter 5. Discussion 57 References 68 Appendix 80 ๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก 85Maste

    On-device Speech Recognition with Residual Simple Gated Convolutional Networks

    Get PDF
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ „๊ธฐยท์ •๋ณด๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2019. 8. ์„ฑ์›์šฉ.์ƒํ™œ์˜ ํŽธ์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋™ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ์— ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ์žฅ์น˜์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ์ฐฉ๋œ ์ง€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ธ๊ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ๋†’์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ž๋™ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ž๋™ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹์€ ๊ฐ์ข… ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ ธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ ์นจํ•ด, ๋ณด์•ˆ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ๋†’์€ ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ด์‹œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์žฅ์น˜์—์„œ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋™ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ์น˜์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ์ธ๊ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์ œํ•œ๋œ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘, ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋•๋ถ„์— ํšŒ๊ท€์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง(RNN) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ LSTM ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง(RNN)์ด ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, LSTM RNN์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์บ์‰ฌ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ DRAM ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋˜๋จน์ž„(feedback)๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งค ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์Šคํ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌํ™” ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ DRAM ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์—ฌ LSTM RNN์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์†๋„์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์บ์‰ฌ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์— ์ €์žฅ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 1M ์ •๋„์˜ ์ž‘์€ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ ˆ์ง€๋“€์–ผ ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท(Residual Simple Gated Convolutional Network)์„ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ์žฅ์น˜์—์„œ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” 1์ฐจ์› depthwise ์ฝ˜๋ณผ๋ฃจ์…˜์€ ์Œ์„ฑ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํšŒ๊ท€์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๋Œ€์‹  ์ฝ˜๋ณผ๋ฃจ์…˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์Šคํ… ๋ณ„ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ ธ, ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด ์ธ๊ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค. ์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ์žฅ์น˜์—์„œ ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท์— ์ธ์…‰์…˜ ๋ ˆ์ง€๋“€์–ผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •ํ™•๋„ ์ €ํ•˜ ์—†์ด ์ธ๊ณต์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์˜ ์ธต์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋ ค ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Š” ์†๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์—๋Š” ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.Nowadays, many embedded devices, such as smartphones and Amazon Alexa, use automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology for the hands-free interface. Especially neural network-based algorithms are widely employed in ASR because of high accuracy and resiliency in noisy environments. Neural network-based algorithms require a large amount of computation for realtime operation. As a result, most of todays ASR systems adopt server-based processing. However, privacy concerns and low latency bring increased demand for on-device ASR. For on-device ASR, the power consumption should be minimized to increase the operating time. Many neural network models have been developed for high-performance ASR. Among them, the recurrent neural network (RNN) based algorithms are most commonly used for speech recognition. Especially long short-term memory (LSTM) RNN is very well known. However, executing the LSTM algorithm on an embedded device consumes much power because the cache size is too small to accommodate all the network parameters. Frequent DRAM accesses due to cache misses not only slow the execution but also incur a lot of power consumption. One possible solution to mitigate this problem is to compute multiple output samples at a time, which is called the multi-time step parallelization, to reduce the number of parameter fetches. However, the complex feedback structure of LSTM RNN does not allow multi-time step parallel processing. This thesis presents a Residual Simple Gated Convolutional Network (Residual Simple Gated ConvNet) model with only about 1M parameters. Nowadays, many CPUs can accommodate neural networks with a parameter size of 1M in cache memory. Thus, this model can run ASR very fast and efficiently without consuming much power. The developed model is also based on a convolutional neural network, thus the multi-time step processing can easily be applied. To achieve high accuracy with a small number of parameters, the model employs one-dimensional depthwise convolution, which helps to find temporal patterns of the speech signal. We also considered inception residual connections to reduce the needed number of layers, but this approach needs to be more improved. The developed Residual Simple Gated ConvNet showed very fairly high accuracy even with 1M parameters when trained on WSJ speech corpus. This model demands less than 10% of CPU time when running on ARM-based CPUs for embedded devices.์š” ์•ฝ i ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  5 1.1 ์˜จ-๋””๋ฐ”์ด์Šค ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹ : ์ด์ ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 ์Œ์„ฑ์ธ์‹์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3 ํšŒ๊ท€์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์–ด์ฟ ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋‹จ์  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.4 ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4.1 diagonal LSTM RNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4.2 QRNN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.4.3 ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.5 ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท 12 2.1 ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2 ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.3 ๋ ˆ์ง€๋“€์–ผ ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.4 ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์˜จ-๋””๋ฐ”์ด์Šค ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท 22 3.1 ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ด์‹œ ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ฝ˜๋ณด๋„ท . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.1 ์Œ์„ฑ ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.2 ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง์—์„œ์˜ ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ด์‹œ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.2 ์‹ฌํ”Œ ๊ฒŒ์ดํ‹ฐ๋“œ ์ปจ๋ณด๋„ท์˜ ์–‘์žํ™” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2.1 ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2.2 ์ง์ ‘์  ์–‘์žํ™” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.2.3 ์žฌํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์–‘์žํ™” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2.4 Tensorflow lite๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์–‘์žํ™” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.3 ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  31 ABSTRACT 37Maste

    Corpus Callosotomy in Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

    Get PDF
    Purpose: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is one of the most devastating pediatric epileptic syndromes characterized by various disabling seizures, generalized forms of abnormal epileptiform EEG features and progressive psychomotor retardation. Corpus callosotomy is one of treatment options in patients with intractable LGS without definitive focal cortical pathology. This study was designed to evaluate efficacy and safety of corpus callosotomy in patients with LGS. Patients and Methods: Thirty patients (21 boys, 9 girls) with LGS who had corpus callosotomy at Severance Childrenโ€™s Hospital from October 2003 to January 2007, were enrolled with mean followup of 34.6ยฑ14.0 months. We retrospectively reviewed medical records, video-EEG monitoring, MRI, seizure outcome and postoperative complications. Results: Mean age of corpus callosotomy was 100.7ยฑ56.4 months. Twenty-four patient (80.0%) underwent total corpus callosotomy and 6 (20.0%) underwent resection of the anterior 4/5 of corpus callosum. Seizure outcomes were as follows: 5 patients (16.7%) were Engel class I, 9 (30.0%) were class II, 6 (20.0%) were class III and 10 (33.3%) were class IV. Postoperative complications were seen in 4 patients (13.3%), such as hemorrhage (2 patients), involuntary movement (1 patient) and transient ataxia (1 patient), but all were recovered completely. Subsequent resective surgery was performed in 5 patients of Engel class III and IV, whose EEG features became lateralized without complete seizure control. Satisfactory surgical outcomes (class I and II) were achieved in 46.7% of total patients. Conclusions: Corpus callosotomy could be effective and safe treatment in medically intractable LGS without focal pathologyope

    Hemispherotomy in Childhood Medically Refractory Epilepsy

    Get PDF
    PURPOSE: Surgical approach with medically intractable epilepsy has increased with recent advances in neurodiagnostic modalities. This study was designed to review the clinical manifestations and surgical outcome of patients who received hemipherotomy. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 19 patients under 15 years old who had medically intractable epilepsy and underwent hemipherotomy at Severance Children's Hospital between 2003 and 2008. RESULTS: Eleven patients(57.9%) showed Engel Class I outcome, 6 patients(31.6%) showed Engel Class II and 1 patient(5.3%) showed Engel Class III outcomes. Preoperative evaluation revealed concordance in all 19 patients(100%) on MRI, 17 patients(89.5%) on long-term EEG monitoring, 17 patients(89.5%) on PET and 13 patients(68.4%) on interictal SPECT. Malformation of cortical development was the most common etiology(4 patients, 21.5%). Other etiologies included hemimegalencephaly, Sturge-Weber syndrome, hemorrhage, infarction and schizencephaly(2 patients each, 10.5%). The most common pathologic finding was cortical dysplasia(9 patients, 49.4%). Other pathological findings included microdysgenesis(2 patients, 10.5%), gliosis(4 patients, 21.1%), leukomalacia, Lafora body and calcification in cortex(1 patient each, 5.3%). CONCLUSION: Surgical outcome of hemipherotomy in infant and children were favorable. Better evaluation through utilization of advanced neurodiagnostic modalities including EEG monitoring and neuroradiologic studies will greatly improve postsurgical outcome of hemipherotomyope

    Factors Associated with the Long-Stay Admissions in Geriatric Hospitals - Focused on Dementiaโ€™s Inpatients -

    Get PDF
    Purposes: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to the long-stay hospitalization of dementia patients aged 65 years or older who had received inpatient care at geriatric hospitals according to the minute facility characteristics and patient features. Methodology: This study was conducted on 317,353 cases of 1,512 geriatric hospitals using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service dataset. The data collected were processed using the SAS Enterprise Guide 4.3 for descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and the binary logistic regression analysis. Findings: As a result of the study, in the facility characteristics of geriatric hospitals, the long-stay hospitalization of the aged with dementia were found to be related to the type of facility establishment, the number of hospital beds, the number of medical specialists, the number of nursing personnel, and the number of geriatric hospitals by region and province. In the personal features of patients, the long-stay hospitalization was found to be associated with the gender, age, insurance, and the patient classification groups. Practical Implication: Considering the results of this study, it seems that securing the sufficient medical personnel in a geriatric facility, providing the good quality medical services, and preparing the appropriate discharge plan can reduce the unnecessary long-stay hospitalization and spend the medical expenses for the older patients.22Nkc

    Resective pediatric epilepsy surgery in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

    Get PDF
    OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of resective pediatric epilepsy surgery for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). METHODS: We analyzed clinical data of 27 children and adolescents who had LGS and underwent resective epilepsy surgery despite abundant (>30% of preoperative interictal and/or ictal epileptiform discharges) generalized or generalized contralateral maximal and multiregional electroencephalogram abnormalities. RESULTS: On high-resolution MRI, cerebral lesions were noted in 23 (85.2%) patients but not in 4 (14.8%) patients. The age of patients at the time of surgery was between 1.7 and 17.3 years (mean: 7.8 years). Surgeries were lobar or multilobar resection in 21 (77.8%) patients and hemispherotomy in 6 (22.2%). At a mean of 33.1 months' postoperative follow-up, 16 (59.3%) patients had no seizures and 4 (14.8%) had infrequent seizures. Of 4 patients without brain abnormalities found on MRI, 2 patients became seizure-free after resective surgery was performed on the basis of electrophysiologic studies and concordant results in other multimodal neuroimages. Malformation of cortical development was the most common pathology and was seen in 20 (74.1%) patients, but 2 (7.4% patients) did not show any abnormal pathology. Sixteen (72.7%) patients, including 14 who had no seizures and 2 who had infrequent seizures after surgery, showed an increase in developmental quotient. No clinical profile was significantly associated with postoperative seizure-free rate. CONCLUSIONS: Resective epilepsy surgery should be considered for children with LGS, despite abundant generalized and multiregional electroencephalogram abnormalities.ope

    Analysis of causes of pain perception associated with the surgical placement of dental implants

    No full text
    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€]ํ†ต์ฆ์˜ ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์  ๋ฐ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๊ด€์—ฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์›์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ ํ›„ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ ์ •๋„์™€ ํ†ต์ฆ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ ์ž์™€ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ„์˜ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ™˜์ž ํ˜‘์กฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋„๋ชจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์น˜๊ณผ๋ณ‘์›์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ 89๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ ์ธ์ง€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์น˜๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๋ฐ˜์—์„œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์น˜๊ณผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ (DAS), ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ(Anx.) ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์—ฐ๋ น, ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ ์œ„์น˜, ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„์€ ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์ง์ „(T0), ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์งํ›„(T1), ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ (T2), ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ›„ 1์ฃผ(T3)๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ ํ›„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋‚€ ํ†ต์ฆ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.1. ํ‰๊ท  ํ†ต์ฆ ์ •๋„๋Š” T2์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์น˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ T1, T3 ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์•„์กŒ๋‹ค. 2. T1์—์„œ ํ†ต์ฆ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. 3. T2์—์„œ ํ†ต์ฆ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ DAS, Anx.(T0), Anx.(T1), Anx.(T2)์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค.4. T3์—์„œ ํ†ต์ฆ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ Anx.(T0), Anx.(T1), Anx.(T3)์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. 5. ๋‹ค์ค‘ ํšŒ๊ท€ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ T1์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋ฐ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ์‹๋ฆฝ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, T3์—์„œ๋Š” DAS๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]restrictio

    Coping and quality of life in ostomates with rectal cancer : ์ง์žฅ์•” ํ™˜์ž ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ

    No full text
    ์ข…์–‘๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๊ณต/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€]๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์•” ์ง„๋‹จ ํ›„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์  ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณ ์‹์  ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ›„ ์žฅ๋ฃจ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๋ฐ›์€ ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž์˜ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œ์ผœ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ค‘์žฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ํšก๋‹จ์  ์„œ์ˆ ์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์•” ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ›„ ์žฅ๋ฃจํ˜•์„ฑ์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๋ฐ›์€ ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž๋กœ์„œ 2006๋…„ 4์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 6์›” 7์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์„œ์šธ์— ์†Œ์žฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” 3์ฐจ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ S๋ณ‘์› ๋Œ€์žฅ์•” ์ „๋ฌธ ํด๋ฆฌ๋‹‰์— ํ•ญ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์˜€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ญ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•”์„ผํ„ฐ์— ์ž…์›ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ข…๊ฒฐ ํ›„ ์ถ”ํ›„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™ธ๋ž˜์— ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž 86๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ์–‘์ƒ์€ Moorey, Frampton๊ณผ Greer(2003)๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์•” ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊น€์ข…๋‚จ ๋“ฑ(2004)์ด ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ฒˆ์•ˆํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญํŒ ์•” ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” EORTC-QOL-C30, EORTC-QLQ-CR38์„ ์ด์šฉ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SPSS 12.0ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ˆ ์  ํ†ต๊ณ„, ANOVA, t-TEST, Pearson's correlation Coefficient๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.1. ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž์˜ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ์–‘์ƒ์€ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™ ์ค‘ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฌป๋Š” โ€˜๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™ ๋ฌธํ•ญ์ธ โ€˜์•ž ๋‚ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธ์ •์  ์ด๊ณ  ๋‚™๊ด€์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.โ€™๊ฐ€ 3.02์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ผ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๊ณ , โ€˜๋Œ€์ธ ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™ ์ค‘ โ€˜๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž(๋˜๋Š” ๋™๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€์กฑ)๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ง์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฌผ์–ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.โ€™๊ฐ€ 2.09์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.2. ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž์˜ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™๋Š” 2.49์ , โ€˜๋Œ€์ธ ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™๋Š” 2.59์  ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.3. ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ น, ์ข…๊ต์™€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์–‘์ƒ์€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.4. ์ง์—…์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์–‘์ƒ์€โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™ ์ค‘โ€˜์ ๊ทน์  ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™(F=4.484,p )๊ณผโ€˜์„ฑ์  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€โ€™(t=2.274, p< .05)์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ์ƒ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” โ€˜์žฅ๋ฃจ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธ์ œโ€™(t= -3.536, p<.001)๊ฐ€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.9. ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ๋ณ„ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜์—ญ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฆ์ƒ์˜์—ญ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” โ€˜์„ค์‚ฌโ€™(F: 3.577, p< .01)๋กœ ์ „๊ฒฐ์žฅ์ง์žฅ์ ˆ์ œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ํšŒ์žฅ๋ฃจ ์ˆ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ 44.44์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.10. ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ›„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์€ โ€˜์—ญํ• ๊ธฐ๋Šฅโ€™(t=-3.435, p<.001)์—์„œ 6๊ฐœ์›” ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด 60.28์ , 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ด์ƒ์ด 78.21์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ธฐ๋Šฅโ€™(t=-2.369, p<.05)์—์„œ๋„ 6๊ฐœ์›” ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด 66.95์ , 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ด์ƒ์ด 77.44์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.11. ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž์˜ โ€˜์ „๋ฐ˜์  ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆโ€™๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์–‘์ƒ ์ค‘ โ€˜๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™(r= .253, p< .05)์™€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™(r= .222, p<.05)์™€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. โ€˜์‹ ์ฒด๊ธฐ๋Šฅโ€™์€ โ€˜์ ๊ทน์  ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™(r=. 275, p< .01), โ€˜๊ณ„ํš์„ธ์šฐ๊ธฐโ€™(r=.292, p<.01), โ€™๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™(r=.295, p<.01)์™€ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , โ€˜์ •์„œ๊ธฐ๋Šฅโ€™์€ โ€˜๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™ (r=25, p<.05)์™€ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค, โ€˜์—ญํ• ๊ธฐ๋Šฅโ€™์€ โ€˜๋Œ€์ธ ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™(r=.24 p<.05)์™€ โ€˜์ธ์ง€๊ธฐ๋Šฅโ€™์€ โ€˜๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™(r=.272, p<.05)์™€ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. โ€˜์‹ ์ฒด์ƒโ€™์€ โ€˜๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™ (r= .259, p<.05)์™€ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๊ณ , โ€˜๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹โ€™๋„ โ€˜๊ธ์ •์  ์žฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”โ€™ (r=.299, p<.01)์™€ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€์ฒ˜โ€™์ด์  (r=.258, p<.05)๊ณผ๋„ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž์˜ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์–‘์ƒ์ด ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ๊ณผ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‹ค๋ฌด์—์„œ ์žฅ๋ฃจ๋ณด์œ ์ž์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜์ „๋žต์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ค‘์žฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค๋ฌด์— ์ ์šฉ, ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]This study was done to examine the relationship between coping and quality of life in ostomates with rectal cancer. This study employed a descriptive correlational cross-sectional survey design.The survey was conducted from April 1 to June 7, 2006. The participants in this study were 86 ostomates with rectal cancer who were recruited from the colorectal cancer clinic in one university hospital by convenience sampl-ing, Informed consent was obtained from each participant.The Korean Cancer Coping Questionnaire (K- CCQ) was used to evaluate level of coping. It developed from the Cancer Coping Questionnaire (CCQ) by Moorey, Frampton, & Greer (2003) which was translated and modified with the addition of 10 items by Kim et al. (2004). The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life Core 30 (EORTC-QOL-C30) and Colorectal Cancer-specific Core Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-CR38) were used to measure QOL.ANOVA, t-TEST, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data.The result of this study are as follows.1. The mean score for โ€˜Make sure you thought of some of the positiveaspects of your lifeโ€™ in the area โ€˜Positive Reframingโ€™ on the Total Individual Scale had the highest score for the K- CCQ. The mean score forโ€˜Ask your partner what (s)he was thinking rather than making assumptions?โ€™ on the Interpersonal Scale was the lowest.2. The mean score for the Total Individual Scale was 2.49 points andfor the Interpersonal Scale, 2.59 points.3. There was no significant difference in coping scores according to sex, age, religion, or spouse.4. The scores for Coping in โ€˜Active Copingโ€™ (F=4.484, p<.05) werehigher in group with a job than those who were unemployed.5. The scores for Coping in โ€˜Planningโ€™ (F=8.119, p<.05) on the Total Individual Scale were higher in group without a family history of cancer than for those with a family history of cancer.6. The scores for Coping in โ€˜Planningโ€™ (F=3.365, p<.05) on the Total Individual Scale were higher in patients in the group which underwent total proctocolectomy with ileostomy than for patients in other treatment groups.7. The score for QOL in โ€˜Global quality of lifeโ€™ was 59.40 points.8. The scores for QOL were significantly higher in men than women for โ€˜Future Perspectiveโ€™ (t=3.772, p<.001), โ€˜Body Imagingโ€™ (t=3.621, p<.001), โ€˜Sexual Functioningโ€™ (t=2.329, p<.05), โ€˜Sexual Enjoymentโ€™ (t=2.274, p<.05), โ€˜Emotional Functioningโ€™ (t=2.048, p<.05), and โ€˜Cognitive Functioningโ€™ (t=2.039, p<.05). The scores for QOL were significantly higher in women than men for โ€˜Stoma Problemsโ€™ (t=-3.536, p<.001).9. The scores for QOL were higher in the patient group which underwent total proctocolectomy with ileostomy for โ€˜Diarrheaโ€™ (F:3.577, p<.01)compared to other patient treatment groups.10. The scores for QOL were higher in group with six month or longer follow-up period after ostomy formation for โ€˜Role Functioning โ€˜(t=-3.435, p<.001), and โ€˜Physical Functioningโ€™ (t=-2.369, p<.05) compared to those with a shorter period11. โ€˜Global Quality of Lifeโ€™ of ostomates had a positive correlation with โ€˜Positive Reframingโ€™ (r=.253, p<.05). โ€˜Physical Functioningโ€™ had a positive correlation with โ€˜Active Copingโ€™ (r=.275, p<.01), โ€˜Planningโ€™ (r=.292, p<.01) and โ€˜Positive Reframingโ€™ (r=.295, p<.01).A significant positive correlation was found between โ€˜Emotional Functioningโ€™ and โ€˜Positive Reframingโ€™ (r=.25, p<.05), and between โ€˜Role Functioningโ€™ and Coping in the Interpersonal Scale (r=.24 p<.05), โ€˜Cognitive Functioningโ€™ had a positive correlation with โ€˜Positive Reframingโ€™(r=.272 p<.05). โ€˜Positive Reframingโ€™ had a positive correlation with โ€˜Body Imagingโ€™ (r=.259, p<.05) and โ€˜Future Perspectiveโ€™ (r=.299, p<. 01). A significant positive correlation was found between Total Individual Scale (r=.258, p<.05) and โ€˜Future Perspectiveโ€™.This study found statistically significant positive correlations between coping and quality of life in ostomates with rectal cancer. The study results underscore the importance of coping and quality of life. Therefore targeted tailored nursing interventions are required to develop effective coping and improved quality of life, and further research is needed to evaluate and apply interventions to ostomates with rectal cancer.ope

    ๆŠซ้บป็šด๊ณผ ้›จ้ปž็šด์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์—ฐ๊ตฌ

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋™์–‘ํ™”๊ณผ, 2013. 8. ๊น€์„ฑํฌ.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2004๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2012๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ์ œ์ž‘ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ , ์กฐํ˜•์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ‘œํ˜„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋ชจํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฐฝ์ž‘ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŽผ์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฐ์ • ์ด์ž…๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌํ•ด์„์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ž‘์—…์€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์ธ ์—ญ์‹œ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ฐฝ์ž‘์˜ ๊ทผ์›์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์„ ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ๋‚ด์  ์‹ฌ์ƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์†Œํ†ต์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณธ์ธ๋งŒ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์€ ๊ฐ๋ฐ•ํ•œ ํ˜„ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์™ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆจ ์‰ด์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ํ’์š”๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ฌผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ˆ์‹์ฒ˜์ด์ž ์น˜์œ ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•œ ๋ฐ•์ž ์‰ฌ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์›๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ํฌ๊ทผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ์ข‹์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์ธ์€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ์ž์—ฐ์ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ƒ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ด๊ธด ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Š์ž„์—†๋Š” ์‹œ๋„์™€ ํƒ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ์ธ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํƒ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜๋ฌด์™€ ๋Œ์„ ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์–‘์˜ ์ž์—ฐ๊ด€์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ , ์„ , ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ณธ์—ฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์— ์ถฉ์‹คํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•จ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊พธ๋ฐˆ์—†์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ ์žํ•จ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ค€๋ฒ•์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋ฌต์‚ฐ์ˆ˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ(ๅฏซๆ„ๆ€ง)์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ œ โ… ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์ , ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ โ…ก์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 2์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š”์ • (้œ)๊ณผ๋™(ๅ‹•)์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ํ˜•์ƒํ™” ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ โ…ข์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ์ž์—ฐ๋ฌผ์— ํˆฌ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ์ƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•จ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ  1์ ˆ์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์–‘์˜ ์ž์—ฐ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. 2์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด์™€ ๋Œ์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ โ…ฃ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ํ˜•์ƒํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™” ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ํ˜•(ๅฝข)์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”์™€ ์ƒ‰(่‰ฒ)์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๊ณ  2์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™”๋ฉด์˜ ํ‰๋ฉด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋จน์˜ ๋†๋‹ด ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ 3์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์  ์ „๋‹ฌ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ™”๋ฉด ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 4์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฉด์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ โ…ค์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ค€(ๆŠซ้บป็šด)๊ณผ ์šฐ์ ์ค€(้›จ้ปž็šด)์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„, ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์ „๊ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ค€๊ณผ ์šฐ์ ์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ 2, 3์ ˆ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2์ ˆ์—์„œ ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๊ณผ ํ™œ์šฉ๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ์ž‘์—…(๋‚˜๋ฌด ์—ฐ์ž‘๊ณผ ์„ฌ, ๋‚˜๋ผ ์—ฐ์ž‘์˜ ์•”์„๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ)์—์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์„ ์ค€(็ทš็šด)์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ์ ์ค€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๊ณผ ํ™œ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ์ž‘์—…(๊ฐ์ • ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ์ž‘, ์„ฌ, ๋‚˜๋ผ ์—ฐ์ž‘์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ถ€๋ถ„)์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ œ โ…ฅ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„, ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๋ฐ”์™€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์ž‘์—… ์ „๋ง๊ณผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์ธ์€ ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ถ„์„, ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํƒ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๋“ฏ ๋ฐœ์ „์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋Š์ž„์—†๋Š” ์ด๋ก ์  ํƒ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์—ฐ์Šต๊ณผ์ •์˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ํ›„์† ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค.The purpose of this research is to identify the motivations and theoretical backgrounds of artworks based on my work created from 2004 to 2012 with the theme ofExpressing Inner Serenity Based on Natural Imagesand to present the implications through artworks by analyzing formative characteristics and drawing techniques with a systematic approach. Various artists have created their work inspired from the motifs of nature. However, as they imbue their personal feelings to reinterpret nature, artworks of each individual are expressed in different ways. An artwork represents the identity of an artist. I also seek to communicate with others using internal imagery of natural subjects which are considered as the origin of art creation. For me, nature is not only a safe haven but a place for healing where I can replenish energy for life. Nature enables people living in a heartless modern society to take a breather in their inner and outer worlds and brings abundance to our minds. While taking a short rest by communicating with nature to reflect on our selves, we can gain a driving force to keep go further for a longer period. The serenity of nature fills warmth in our hearts and infuses us with positive energy. I would like to deliver this kind of serenity through my artworks. In other words, I will make a series of attempts and investigate various methods to visualize and express natures serenity full of life and energy. Using trees and rocks as subjects, I express them with key elements like dot, line, and plane based on the oriental view of nature. This holds a purpose to focus on their appearance per se and represent them truthfully without artificiality by studying the fundamentals of each subject. In particular, I wanted to contain the characteristic ofSa-ui(ๅฏซๆ„. placing more emphasis on spirit rather than form), which is represented in ink landscape paintings, by studying and usingJunbeop(็šดๆณ•, brush stroke techniq ues). This paper consists of the following chapters: In Chapter โ… , it presents the purpose, content, methodology, significance of the study. In Chapter โ…ก, it describes inner serenity that is intended to beexpressed visually. While the search process of the inner world and its necessity is discussed in Sub-chapter 1, in Sub-chapter 2, it examines the relationship betweenJeong(้œ, stillness) andDong(ๅ‹•, movement) and identifies the imagery of serenity. In Chapter โ…ข, it presents the intention of representing imagery that projects nature to express inner serenity, and the foundation, the oriental view of nature, is examined in Sub-chapter 1. InSub-chapter 2, it describes the symbolic meanings of tree and rock. In Chapter โ…ฃ, it analyzes the imagery process of inner serenity and the method of composition. The process of simplifying a subject in terms of shape (ๅฝข) and color (่‰ฒ) is explored in Subchapter1, while planar characteristics of a picture and light and shade (ๆฟƒๆทก) of ink is discussed in Sub-chapter 2, and expansion in picture size to deliver dramatic effects is described in Subchapter3. In Sub-chapter 4, it explains the repetitive work process making lines into a plane and its characteristic of lapse of time. In Chapter โ…ค, it analyzes and studies the drawing techniques of Pima-Jun(ๆŠซ้บป็šด, hemp-fiber stroke) andWoojeom-Jun (้›จ้ปž็šด, raindrop stroke). In Sub-chapter 1, it presents the definition and history of Jun (็šด, brush stroke), and a specific analysis of Pima-Jun and Woojeom-Jun is provided in Sub-chapter 2 and 3. In Sub-chapter 2, it studies Pima-Jun and describes its variation and usage. In addition, it analyzes the characteristics of line brush stroke based on my artworks (mainly the series of tree paintings and the part of rocks in the series of island and nation paintings). In Sub-chapter 3, it studies Woojeom-Jun and examines its variation and usage. Moreover, it analyzes my artworks (mainly the series paintings of a lump of emotion and the part of trees in the series of island and nation paintings). In Chapter โ…ฅ, it summarizes the body of the thesis, analyzes and assesses the results, and concludes by mentioning the findings and implications of the results and future prospects and goals for the next series of artworks. This research has provided an opportunity to confirm and clarify the future direction for my work. Once again, I could experiencethe value of research by analyzing and studying the theoretical backgrounds. In order make more progress in creating art, it is necessary to constantly study theoretical backgrounds and drawing techniques along with sufficient practice. I expect to create a more advanced version of art through continued research.๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก โ…ฐ ์ฐจ ๋ก€ โ…ณ I. ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ง 1 II. ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 5 1. ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰ 5 2. ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ๊ณผ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 7 III. ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์  ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ 11 1. ๋™์–‘์˜ ์ž์—ฐ๊ด€ 11 2. ๋‚˜๋ฌด์™€ ๋Œ์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์„ฑ 15 1) ๋‚˜๋ฌด์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์  ์˜๋ฏธ 16 2) ๋Œ์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์  ์˜๋ฏธ 19 IV. ๋‚ด์  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„ 24 1. ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™” 24 1) ๅฝข์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™” 25 2) ่‰ฒ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™” 28 2. ํ‰๋ฉด์  ํ‘œํ˜„ 31 3. ํ™”๋ฉด์˜ ํ™•์žฅ 36 4. ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์  ํ–‰์œ„ 39 V. ๆŠซ้บป็šด๊ณผ ้›จ้ปž็šด์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• 44 1. ์ค€๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์ „๊ฐœ 44 2. ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ค€์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ 47 1) ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ค€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ˜• 47 2) ํ”ผ๋งˆ์ค€์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ 51 3. ์šฐ์ ์ค€์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ 57 1) ์šฐ์ ์ค€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ˜• 57 2) ์šฐ์ ์ค€์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ 59 VI. ๋งบ์Œ๋ง 65 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ 69 ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ก 74 ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ๋„ํŒ 75 ABSTRACT 87Maste
    • โ€ฆ
    corecore