4 research outputs found

    (The) effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on sensitization of dorsal horn neuron

    No full text
    ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ง์ดˆ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์†์ƒํ›„์—๋Š” ์ž๋ฐœ์  ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” hyperalgesia์™€ ๋น„ํ†ต์ฆ์ž๊ทน์ธ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ†ต๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” allodynia (์ด์งˆํ†ต)๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ†ต๊ฐ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ „์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์†์ƒ๋œ ๋ง์ดˆ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ํ™œ๋™์ „์••์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒ™์ˆ˜ํ›„๊ฐ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํฅ๋ถ„์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ‰ ๊ฐ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ญ์ง„๋œ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜ํ›„๊ฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ†ต๊ฐ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ํ˜„์ƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ์ค‘์ถ”์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทผ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ํ˜„์ƒ๊ณผ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ณ‘์„ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ ๋™๋ฌผ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ฐ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œํ•ฉ์„ฑํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์–ต์ œ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•™์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ณ‘์„ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ ๋™๋ฌผ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์˜จ์˜๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œํ•ฉ์„ฑํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์ œ(N**G-nitro-L-arginine methylester: L-NAME)๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜ํ›„๊ฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํ™œ์„ฑ๋„์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜ํ›„๊ฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ž‘ํŒŒ์ •์— ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ „๊ธฐ์ƒ๋ฆฌํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1.์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ณ‘์„ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ •์ƒ์ฅ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜ํ›„๊ฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์  ํ™œ์„ฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ง„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๊ฐ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2.์ •์ƒ์ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œํ•ฉ์„ฑํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์œ ํ•ด์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜ํ›„๊ฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3.์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ณ‘์„ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ ํ† ๋ธ์ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œํ•ฉ์„ฑํšจ์†Œ ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์œ ํ•ด์ž๊ทน ๋ฟ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋น„์œ ํ•ด์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ญ์ง„๋œ ๋ฐ˜์‘๋„ ์–ต์ œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์—์„œ์˜ ์‚ฐํ™”์งˆ์†Œํšจ์†Œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์œ ํ•ด์ž๊ทน์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ†ต์ฆ์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณผ์ •์— ๊ด€์—ฌ ํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋„ˆ๋ผ ๋ง์ดˆ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์ด ์†์ƒ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ์ž‘๊ธฐ์ „์—๋„ ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Partial nerve injury to a peripheral nerve may induce the development of neuropathic pain which is characterized by symptoms such as spontaneous burning pain, allodynia and hyperalgesia. Though underlying mechanism has not fully understood, sensitization of dorsal horn neurons may contribute to generate such symptoms. Nitric oxide acts as an inter- and intracellular messenger in the nervous system and is produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Evidence is accumulating which indicate that nitric oxide may mediate nociceptive information transmission. Recently, it has been reported that NOS inhibitor suppress neuropathic pain behavior in an neuropathic pain animal model. This study was conducted to determine whether nitric oxide is involved in the sensitizationof dorsal horn neurons in neuropathic animal model. Neuropathic animal model was made by tightly ligating left L5 and L6 spinal nerve and we examined the effects of ionto-phoretically applied NOS inhibitor (L-NAME) on dorsal horn neuron's response to mechanical stimuli in receptive fields. In normal animal, NOS inhibitor specifically suppressed responses to noxious stimuli. In neuropathic animal, dorsal horn neuron's response to mechanical stimuli was enhanced and NOS inhibitor suppress the dorsal horn neuron's enhanced response to non-noxious stimli as well as those to noxious stimuli. These result suggests that nitric oxide may mediate nociceptive transmission in normal animal and also mediate sensitization of dorsal horn neuron in neuropathic pain state.ope

    Natural killer cell activity in Naegleria fowleri infected mice

    No full text
    ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[์˜๋ฌธ] [ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์›๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฐ”์„ฑ ์ˆ˜๋ง‰ ๋‡Œ์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ž์œ  ์ƒํ™œ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฐ”์ธ Naegleria f owleri์˜ ์˜์–‘ํ˜•์„ ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค ๋น„๊ฐ•์— ์ ‘์ข…์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„ 12์‹œ๊ฐ„, 1์ผ, 2์ผ, 3์ผ, 5์ผ์งธ์— ๋น„์žฅ ์„ธ ํฌ์˜ ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ ๋…์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. (51)**Cr ๋ฐฉ์ถœ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋‹จ์„ธํฌ ๋…์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜ ์—ฌ ํ‘œ์  ์„ธํฌ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋Šฅ, ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ, Vmax ๋ฐ ์žฌ์ˆœํ™˜๋Šฅ์„ ์ธก์ • ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์—ผ ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€ ์ ‘์ข… ํ›„ 20์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ 76.70%์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 12.87ยฑ0. 71์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋…์„ฑ์€ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฐ” ์ ‘์ข…ํ›„ 12์‹œ๊ฐ„์งธ์— ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ‘์ข… ํ›„ 1์ผ์งธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์  ์„ธํฌ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋Šฅ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์œ  ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์žฌ์ˆœํ™˜๋Šฅ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋…์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ N.fowleri๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋…์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ž์—ฐ์‚ด ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์ˆœํ™˜๋Šฅ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํ‘œ์  ์„ธํฌ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋Šฅ์—๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Natural Killer cell activity in Naegleria fowleri infected mice Kyu-Rae Lee Department of Medical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University (Directed by Prof. Kyung-il Im, M.D.) The natural killer (NK) cell activity of splenocytes and recycling capacity of NK cells was observed by combining the (51)**Cr-release cytotoxicity assay (Ulberg and Jonadal, 1981) and single cell cytotoxicity assay against YAC-1 (Cikes et al., 1973; Grimm and Banavida, 1979; Bradley and Bonavida, 1982). The ICR mice were infected intranasally with Naegleria fowleri that is pathogenic free-living amoebae. The mice infected with 1 x 10**5 trophozoites showed mortality rate of 76.7% and mean survival time of 12.9 days. The cytotoxic activity of NK cell in infected mice was significantly higher than that of non-infected mice during the period between 12 hours and day 3 after infection, and highest on day 1. The taret-binding capacity of NK cells were not different from that of non-infected mice. Maximal killing potential(Vmax) and maximal recycling capacity (MRC) were remarkably increased in the infected mice as compared with the control mice. The results obtained in this observation indicated that elevated NK cell activity in mice infected with Naegleria fowleri was not due to target-binding capacity of NK cells but due to the increased activity of NK cells and increased recycling capacity of the individual NK cells.restrictio
    corecore