13 research outputs found

    ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ•ด์ƒ๋„์™€ ํ”ผ๋ณตํด๋ž˜์Šค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ,2010.2.Maste

    ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์ƒ์• ๋ง์ง„๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ

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    This study aims to investigate patterns of cancer care near the end of life (EOL) of patients with ovarian cancer in South Korea. It includes the evaluation of 213 patients who died of ovarian cancer in Severance hospital, over the previous 6 years, for the appropriateness of cancer care, including chemotherapy and hospice palliative care(HPC). Although HPC enrollment increased over time(p=0.006), there were no discernible changes over the study period regarding the rate of chemotherapy treatment within two weeks of death, emergency room (ER) visits, or intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Patients with initial positive outcomes (platinum sensitivity, extended disease-free survival) tended to receive more near-term chemotherapy and rely less on HPC. In a multivariate analysis, late HPC enrollment correlated with more aggressive measures, including visits to the ER. Near-term chemotherapy correlated strongly with more ER visits, ICU admissions, and deaths at the tertiary referral hospital. For patients with advanced/recurrent ovarian cancer, the expansion of HPC services over recent years, has not been accompanied by a reduction in the intensity of EOL care. Earlier, more proactive near-term HPC discussions may help patients and families focus on values, and additional regional HPC facilities and home-based HPC may decrease the use of hospital-based EOL care. ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์„ฑ์ ์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ค‘๋‹จ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ์ƒ์• ๋ง์ง„๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํƒœํŒŒ์•…๊ณผ ์ง„๋ฃŒ์ง€์นจ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค. 2011๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 6๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ณธ์›์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ฑ /์žฌ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ํ™˜์ž 213๋ช…์„ ํ›„ํ–ฅ์  ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค-์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ์ด์šฉ์œจ(p=0.006)๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ด์šฉ์œจ (p<0.001)์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค/์ง‘์ค‘์น˜๋ฃŒ์‹ค ์ด์šฉ์œจ, ๋ณธ์›์‚ฌ๋ง ์œจ, ์‚ฌ๋ง2์ฃผ๋‚ด ํ•ญ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œํ–‰ ๋“ฑ ํƒ€ ์ ๊ทน์„ฑ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋“ค์€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค-์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋กœ์ง€ ์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•ญ์•”์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ง 1๋‹ฌ๋‚ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ ์šฐ(p=0.03), ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ๊ณ„ํ•ญ์•”์ œ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ(p=0.001)๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ ๋ฏธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค-์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ์˜๋ขฐ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ๊ทน์  ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(p<0.001). ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•ญ์•”์ œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ผ๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์กด๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ดˆ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด์ง„ ํ–‰์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์ˆ˜๋ก, ์ด ํ•ญ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ ์ง€ ํ•ญ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ์ดˆ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์• ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ญ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ , ์ ๊ทน์„ฑ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋†’์€ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์ด์šฉ์œจ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ธ‰์ข… ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์› ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ „๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜์ œ๋„์™€ ์•”ํ™˜์ž ๋ณธ์ธ๋ถ€๋‹ด ๊ธˆ ์ธํ•˜๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ, ์ƒ์• ๋ง์ง„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ ๋ฆผํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ์„ ํ–‰์ ์ธ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค-์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ๊ฐ€์ •/์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ํ™•๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์ƒ์• ๋ง์ง„๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ ๊ทน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ณ‘์›์˜์กด์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.open์„

    (The) correlation of medical insurance system with medical costs and length of stay in hospital on mental disorder : ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ๊ตญ์ œ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€]๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ ์ž…์›ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด์žฅ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„, ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๋ถˆ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.์ „์‚ฐ์ฒญ๊ตฌํ•œ ์š”์–‘๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋น„์šฉ ๋ช…์„ธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋…„์›” 2005๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2006๋…„ 6์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ทผ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ž…์› ์ง„๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ (F00-F99, G40-G41)์ด ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ๋œ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ง€๊ธ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์ˆ˜๋Š” 164,704 ๋ช…์ด๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ˆ˜๋Š” 490๊ฐœ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ™˜์žํŠน์„ฑ(์„ฑ, ์—ฐ๋ น, ์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ช…, ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด์žฅ์œ ํ˜•), ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€ํŠน์„ฑ(์ข…๋ณ„, ์„ค๋ฆฝ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ณ„, ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„, ๋ณ‘์ƒ์ˆ˜, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์†Œ์†๋œ ์˜์‚ฌ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ •๋ณด, ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ ํ™˜์ž์ˆ˜/์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜์ˆ˜) ์ด๋‹ค.์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ง€๋ถˆ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ์™€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™˜์ž ํŠน์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํŠน์„ฑ๋ณ„๋กœ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด์žฅ ์œ ํ˜•(์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ 1์ข…/์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ 2์ข…/๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์›๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„(one way ANOVA)์„ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์ •(fixed)์‹œํ‚จ ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ์˜์› ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘์› ๋งˆ๋‹ค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜์› ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘์›์€ ๋žœ๋คํšจ๊ณผ(random effect)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํšจ๊ณผ๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.์ฒซ์งธ, ํ™˜์ž ํŠน์„ฑ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€, ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” 40-49์„ธ, 50-59์„ธ, ์ƒ๋ณ‘๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด๋ณ‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์—ดํ˜• ๋ฐ ๋ง์ƒํ˜• ์žฅ์• (F20-F29) ์ƒ๋ณ‘๊ตฐ์ด ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ธ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด์žฅ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ 1์ข…, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ 2์ข…, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๊ธˆ์•ก๋„ ์ปธ๊ณ , ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค.๋‘˜์งธ, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ํŠน์„ฑ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์„ค๋ฆฝ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ณ„, ์ข…๋ณ„, ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ„์„์‹œ์—๋„ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด์žฅ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜์— ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ, ์„ค๋ฆฝ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€๋ฒ•์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ, ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ, ๊ฒฝ๋‚จ, ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์†ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๋ณด์žฅ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ 1์ข…, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ 2์ข…, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค.์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ „์€ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜์ œ๋„์™€ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ์ œ๋„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ธ ์ง€๋ถˆ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๊ณ , 1์ผ๋‹น ์ •์•ก์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ž(์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€) ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰์ž์˜ ๋„๋•์  ํ•ด์ด๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ž…์›์„ ์œ ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ตœ๊ทผ๋…„๋„ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ์ œ๋„ ํ˜์‹ ์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„์— ์žˆ์–ด ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์ง€๊ธ‰๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋‹น์ •์•ก์ œ์˜ ์ง€๋ถˆ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์ผ์ˆ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ถˆ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜ ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]This study aims at suggesting an idea for policy making on the medical insuracnce system, the payment methods and the payment levels for the mentally ill inpatients. In order to do this study, statistics related to this area was used to find out how their medical benefits affect their medical costs of hospitalization and length of stay in hospital. Useful suggestions for the policy making on this issue will be proposed.According to medical claims by EDI and Diskette from January 2005 to June 2006, 164,704 mentally ill inpatients diagnosed as F00-F99 or G40-G41 in 490 medical institutions obtained medical benefits along with the standards of payment plan. Their medical costs of hospitalization and lengths of stay in hospital from were comparatively analyzed by using independent variables. Independent variables are medical insurance system (such as Type 1 medicaid, Type 2 medicaid, and health insurance), factors of inpatients (such as sex, age, and type of mental disorder), factors of medical institution (such as the type of foundation, class, region, the number of sick-beds, general factors of psychiatrists employed, and the proportion of the mentally ill inpatients to the psychiatry specialists); dependent ones are medical costs of hospitalization and length of stay in hospital. The first analysis was done by one way ANOVA; the second one by the fixed effect model; the last one by the mixed effect model.First of all, this study shows that there were statistically significant differences, according to the types of medical insurance system, in total medical costs and length of hospitalization in medical insurance: Type 1 inpatients have more costs and a longer stay than Type 2 ones and health insurance holders have the least costs and length of stay. Male inpatients, especially with Type 1, have more medical costs and a longer stay in hospital than female ones. In particular, the groups of age 40-49 and 50-59 with Type 1 have more costs and a longer stay. Inpatients of F20-29 of schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorder, especially with Type 1, have more costs and a three-times longer stay than the inpatients with health insurance.Another analysis has a result that the factor of medical institution shows a statistically significant difference along with its type of class, foundation and region in medical costs and length of stay in hospital. In the type of social welfare foundation, in the class of hospital, and in the region of Choongbuk, Kyoungnam and Busan, Type 1 inpatients have the most costs and the longest stay, Type 2 ones have secondly more costs and a longer stay, and health insurance holders the least costs and the shortest stay.These differences seem to result from different medical insurances and different levels of medical fee although it is not easy to verify the differences perfectly only with the result of this study. The medical fee system is a kind of daily fixed charge system. Therefore, no matter how much a medical treatment has been put on the inpatient, the amount of medical fee is daily fixed. This medical fee system tends to induce the inpatients to be hospitalized longer than necessary and raise the governmental medical expenditures and promote moral hazards of hospitals and inpatients.Medical insurance system and levels of medical fee on medical treatment for mental disorders should be improved and reformed in a variety of ways.ope

    ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์ผ์ •๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ-์˜ˆ๋น„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋” ์ œ์•ˆ-

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ์ •๋ณด์œตํ•ฉํ•™๊ณผ, 2017. 2. ์ด์ค‘์‹.์ด๋™ ์ „ํ™”์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด ์†์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ •์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์™€์ค‘์—๋„ ์•ฝ์† ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋น„์ผ๋น„์žฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ œ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ๋˜ ์˜ˆ์ „๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ด๋™ ์ „ํ™”๋Š” ์ผ์ •์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ์กฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์ผ€ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ์ผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์€ ์ปค์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์ผ์ • ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ •์˜ ๊ณ„ํš๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ๋ฏธํกํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ณ , ์‹คํ—˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ผ์ •์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ์›์น™์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋””์ž์ธ ์›์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ผ์ • ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์— ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ •์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์œ ๋™์ ์ด์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ผ์ •์€ ๋Œ๋ฐœ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ, ๋ณ€๋™ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋Š์Šจํ•œ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋กœ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ผ์ •์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ ์–ด๋„ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘, ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์ด๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ผ์ • ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€, ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ, ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์™ธ์˜ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค์—์„œ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋™์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”๋Š” ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์œ ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ผ์ •์„ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์—ฌ์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ํ•ด ์žฌ์ •์˜ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์˜์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด ์—์„œ๋Š”, ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ ์ผ์ •์˜ ์†์„ฑ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋” ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ํ”„๋ฆฐ์ง€ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณตํ•™, ๊ต์œกํ•™ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  3 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 4 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ผ์ • ๊ณ„ํš 4 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์บ˜๋ฆฐ๋”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด 6 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ชจ๋ฐ”์ผ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์™€ ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ผ์ • 13 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ •์˜ 17 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 17 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ •์˜ 18 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์‹คํ—˜: ์ผ์ •์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ๊ทœ๋ช… 21 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ • 21 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 22 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 25 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌํ˜„ 32 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ผ์ธ 32 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ค๊ณ„ 35 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌํ˜„ 36 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜: ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 39 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 39 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 45 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 47 ์ œ 7 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜ 60 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์š”์•ฝ 60 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜ 62 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 64 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 66 Abstract 71Maste

    Hollow type ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅ˜ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    Dept. of Dentistry/๋ฐ•์‚ฌThe aims of this study were to assess the biological stability of newly designed hollow type (H type) miniscrews, to confirm if H type miniscrew has enough stability as much as conventional (C type) miniscrew has, and to evaluate bone remodeling around the miniscrew through histomorphometric and histological analysis. Newly designed miniscrews and C type miniscrews were placed into the intraradicular spaces of the maxillary and mandibular first molars and mandibular fourth premolars of twelve beagle dogs. The maximum insertion torque and Periotest value were measured after placement. After tissue processing, bone implant contact and bone volume were measured. The results of the present study were as follows.1.Overall success rate of experimental group was about 78.3% in maxilla and 60.0% in mandible. Success rate of C type group was 100% in maxilla and mandible.2.Mean insertion torque (IT) values of H type miniscrews were 14.2 Ncm in maxilla and 20.9 Ncm in mandible, showing significant difference between maxilla and mandible.3.Periotest values (PTV) of H type miniscrews were -1.5 in maxilla and -6.4 in mandible. Mean PTV was significantly lower in H type compared to C type miniscrews in mandible (P < .0001).4.In maxilla, bone implant contact (BIC) of H type miniscrews was 37.3% and 32.3% at three and twelve weeks, respectively. In mandible, it was 31.4% and 18.5% at three and twelve weeks, respectively.5.At three weeks of H type miniscrews, BIC of the exterior part of the miniscrew (ExBIC) was 37.3% and 31.4% in maxilla and mandible, respectively, and BIC of the interior part of the miniscrew (InBIC) was 16.8% and 14.7%. At twelve weeks, ExBIC was 32.3% and 18.5%, and InBIC was 14.3% and 13.8% in maxilla and mandible, respectively. There was significant difference between ExBIC and InBIC (P < 0.05), except in mandible at twelve weeks.6.Mean bone volume was higher in exterior part of the miniscrew than in interior part in both jaws, and there was significant difference between exterior and interior part of the miniscrew in maxilla at three weeks with P < 0.01.ope

    `ํ๋ฆ„`์„ ํ†ตํ•ด `๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ™”`๋ฅผ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๊ณผ,2004.Maste
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