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    Hospital Ethnography on Catholic Hospice Palliative Care

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2020. 8. ์ดํ˜„์ •.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์ž„์ข…์ง€์ธ ๋ณ‘์›์ด ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋ณ‘์› ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์ธ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณ‘๋™์„ ์กฐ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๋ž˜ ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์—…๋ฌด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ–์— ์žˆ๋˜ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ์—…๋ฌด ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์„ญํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐํƒœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์‹ค์ฒœ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ์— ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์‹œ์— ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ณ‘์›์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณ„ํš์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ณ‘์›์ด ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด ์˜จ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ๋ณ‘์› ๋‚ด์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์  ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ์„œ ์‹ค์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณ‘์› ๋‚ด์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ฃฝ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ๋‹ด๋ก ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ญ๋™์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์„œ์šธ ์†Œ์žฌ ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋‹คํ•™์ œ์  ํŒ€์›๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™์  ํ˜„์žฅ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง๊ธฐ์˜ ์•” ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋‹คํ•™์ œ์  ํŒ€์›๋“ค์ด ์ด์ฒด์  ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์•…ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ•™์  ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ํ†ต์ฆ ์™„ํ™”์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์ •์‹ ์ , ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ์˜์  ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ํ™˜์ž์™€๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์ด ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋˜ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์•ž๋‘” ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์ข…๊ต์  ์˜๋ก€ ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค๋„ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์ž„์ข…์‹ค์€ ์ž„์ข…์ด ์ˆ˜์ผ ์ด๋‚ด๋กœ ์˜ˆ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ๋ด„๊ณผ ์ข…๊ต์  ์˜๋ก€ ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํŒ€์›๋“ค์„ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํƒ€์Šค๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋„๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ธ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™ ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ์ž„์ข…์‹ค์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋„๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ์˜ ์„ฑ์งˆ์ด ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์ƒ์ง•์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์™€ ๋ง๊ธฐ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ „์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฏธํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ง๊ธฐ์˜ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ํ–‰์šด์„ ์—ผ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณ‘์› ์ „์ฒด๋กœ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณ‘๋™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณ‘๋™์„ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ™œ์šฉ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ‘๋™๊ณผ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ด์งˆ์ ์ž„์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์€ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง์ ์ธ ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ง์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์› ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŒ€์›๋“ค๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์—ญํ• ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ฒœ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ณ‘์›์€ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ํšจ์œจ์  ์šด์šฉ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ„๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ด ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ์กฐ์ง์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ํ˜ผ์žฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋ง๊ธฐ ์•”ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์„ฑ์งˆ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ง์„ ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋ก  ๊ฒฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์กด์žฌ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™ ๋‚ด์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช… ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ†ต์ฆ ์™„ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์น˜์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์ธ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„๋“ค์˜ ๋‚ด์  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ์€ ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์šด์˜์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์›์ธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™ ๋‚ด ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ์ง„์„ ๋ถ€์ถ”๊ธฐ๊ณ , ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์กด์žฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ํŽธ์ž…๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์ด ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋ˆ„์ ๋œ ์‹ค์ฒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์›ฐ๋‹ค์ž‰(well-dying)์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—…๋ฌด ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ„์ ๋œ ์‹ค์ฒœ๋“ค์€ ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์–‘์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ ์ž„์ข…์„ ์•ž๋‘” ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ ์ข…๊ต๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ปธ์Œ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ ์‹ ์ž๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ ์ข…๊ต๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋‚ด์„ธ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตณ์€ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ž„์ข…์„ ์•ž๋‘” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ๋„์›€๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ข…๊ต ์˜๋ก€์  ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ• ์• ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌํ›„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„์‹ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์€ ์ข…๊ต์™€ ์‹ ์•™์‹ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋“ญ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ž„์ข…๊ธฐ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ข…๊ต์  ์˜๋ก€ ํ–‰์œ„๋“ค์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ธ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์€ ๋‹จ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•ด์˜จ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ถ•์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์ œ๋„์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ๋ณ‘์› ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋กœ ๋“ค์—ฌ์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณธ๋ž˜๋Œ€๋กœ๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์งˆ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์งˆ๋“ค์ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์šฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™๋งŒ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ ์ข…๊ต์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋Š ๋ณ‘๋™์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ •๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์ด ๋ณ‘์› ๋‚ด์—์„œ ํ—คํ…Œ๋กœํ† ํ”ผ์•„๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ณ‘์›์ด ๊ณ ์ˆ˜ํ•ด ์˜จ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์กฐ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ์€์—ฐ์ค‘์— ๊ต๋ž€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ํ•™์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ์‡ ์•ฝํ•œ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋ง๊ธฐ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ์˜ ๊ณผ์ • ์†์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ๋ณต์žก๋‹ค๋‹จํ•œ ๋Œ๋ด„ ํ–‰์œ„๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด๋ก ์  ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์ฒด์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์ , ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ๋„˜์–ด ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ์•ž๋‘๊ณ  ์˜์ ์ธ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์  ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์˜์  ๋Œ๋ด„ ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ์„ ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„œ์šธ ์†Œ์žฌ ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ณ‘์› ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์  ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์ด ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„, ๊ด€๊ณ„, ์‹ค์ฒœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž…์›ํ˜• ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ์ง„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์  ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์˜์  ๋Œ๋ด„ ์ œ๊ณต์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž์™€ ์›๋ชฉ์ž๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์ข…๊ต์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์œผ๋กœ ํฌ์„ญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค์ฒœ์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.This study examined hospice palliative care units to explore how hospitals, as frequent places of death for Koreans today, deal with and manage death. By embracing the process of dying and death, which was originally outside the scope of hospitals work, this study examined the characteristics of spaces that manage this process. Moreover, it analyzed the relationships that are constructed and the actions that are taken by the members of these spaces and the contexts in which they form discourses. A hospice unit is a space that houses patients that are nearing death, and in which people provide care for such patients. Thus, hospice units serve as spatial boundaries between life and death. At the same time, hospice units are operated in a completely different manner from that of conventional spaces in hospitals, and the members of the hospice unit are also organized in differently. Thus, through the methodology they use and their organizational system, which resists the structure typically found in hospitals, hospice units challenge the ways in which conventional hospitals have handled death. From this perspective, this study intends to investigate the role of hospice units as an alternative place for death in society as well as in hospitals. To this end, this study focused on the space established for those approaching death in hospitals and the culture formed by the people taking care of this space. Accordingly, it was necessary to break free from the simplistic discourse of boundaries between life and death and to more closely identify the dynamics of liminal space. Anthropological field research was conducted among multidisciplinary hospice team members at a hospice palliative care unit of a Catholic medical institution in Seoul. In a hospice palliative care unit, multidisciplinary team members provide total care for patients with terminal cancer as well as their families. The team members provide mental, psychological, social, and spiritual care in addition to alleviating the physical pain of patients whose conditions are worsening with drugs instead of medical treatment. As such, the state of patients in a hospice unit is fundamentally different from that of patients in other wards or units, as is the purpose of duties and care among team members. The space in which the members provide care is also different from other spaces in hospitals. The space for hospice team members is considered as important as the space for patients, and since religious rituals are actively performed for patients on the verge of death, places are designated for such rituals in various parts of the unit. Among those spaces, the deathbed room is the space designated for patients in the last few days before death. Therefore, hospice team members conduct care and religious rituals in this space, and various family and team members form communitas. Thus, even in a hospice unit, which is a space of liminality, the dying room serves as a space in which the property of liminality is overlapped and enhanced. The tools in the hospice unit either have important meanings and symbols or function to directly help the patients. The former groups of tools were used by the members in individual ways, but were ultimately used to wish for terminal patients luck and belief in the afterlife. The hospice unit is one of the many wards and units of a hospital, but it is quite different from other units in terms of the tools that are used and its use of space. Hospice team members form a network of organized and systematic care around patients and their families. This process highlights the importance of individual expertise as well as cooperation and task distribution with other team members. This results in a natural blurring of the lines between team members roles and practices. Conventional hospitals establish a hierarchy among members for efficient organizational management and emphasize individual expertise so that members roles are not confused. On the other hand, the organization of hospice units is relatively horizontal, and in many cases, there were no clear boundaries in terms of tasks and roles. This mixture of work boundaries was necessary for attaining the goal of providing holistic care for patients with terminal cancer and their families. This study verified that the roles of hospital team members were simultaneously overlapping and separate. This both strengthened and expanded the network of care. In particular, doctors and nurses in the hospice unit faced conflicts between the identity of medical workers that are familiar with the discourse of treatment to sustain life and the identity of hospice unit medical workers whose purpose is to provide healing by relieving pain. This appeared in internal conflicts among medical workers as well as in conflicts between medical workers inside and outside the hospice unit. These conflicts were the biggest obstacle to the smooth operation of the unit because they encouraged the exhaustion or burnout of medical workers in the hospice unit and made external medical workers constantly discuss, persuade, and compromise with the purpose of the hospice unit. Finally, this study explored the discourses and attitudes formed around death among hospice team members. The hospice unit is included in the medical institution, but it forms and shares discourses that are both universally pursued by and conflict within the medical institution. Furthermore, there were different discourses and attitudes toward the meaning of dying well depending on the way hospice team members classified the patients and families according to their tasks and on the accumulated practices. These practices accumulated differently by task resulted in different discourses and attitudes about death. Various aspects of the research revealed that Catholicism had a significant impact on the way in which patients on the verge of death were cared for in the hospice unit. The hospice team members were Catholics and thus had strong faith in the afterlife. They were also aware that this faith helps relieve the fear of death experienced by patients on their deathbeds. Hospice team members spent a great deal of time performing religious ceremonies in an attempt to overcome problems related to discussions about and faith in the afterlife. They constantly emphasized the importance of religion and piety, while continuously performing religious ceremonies for patients on the verge of death. Hospice units expand the linearity of life and death into a spatial context. Various people come together here to attempt all kinds of discourses, gathering experiences of death through various practices. This makes the impossible possible by bringing death into the hospital in an institutional manner, while also creating a culture unique to the hospice unit with constant encounters between multiple heterogenous properties. In particular, the impact of religion in the hospice unit in which death occurs on a daily basis was bound to be maximized compared to other units or wards. The findings of this study are the following. First, the hospice unit exists as a heterotopia in the hospital, disturbing and challenging the structural conditions of conventional hospitals. Second, the hospice unit provides care with a focus on the dying process of weakened patients beyond death from a medical perspective defined as the point or state. Third, various hospice team members intervene in the dying process of terminal patients with complex caring behaviors. Their roles are not merely to assist others but to respond to patients pain based on expertise deriving from theoretical knowledge and practical experience. Fourth, the hospice unit provides spiritual care beyond physical and psychological care for patients who are experiencing spiritual pain on the verge of death. Moreover, the spiritual caregiving of hospice team members transforms dying into a sacred and meaningful process. As such, this study examined the culture of death created by hospice team members in palliative care as an alternative path of hospital death in terms of space, relationship, practice, and discourse by examining the case of the hospice unit at a Catholic medical institution in Seoul. The results of this study show that in order for inpatient hospices to have adequate dying spaces for more patients, it is necessary to continuously develop training programs to increase expertise of hospice team members and provide institutional strategies to prevent their exhaustion or burnout. Furthermore, volunteers and clerics responsible for spiritual caregiving must be legally recruited as official members of the hospice team to actively support their caring behaviors.โ… . ์„œ ๋ก . 1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์ . 1 2. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๋ฐ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ. 10 1) ๋ณ‘์›๋ฏผ์กฑ์ง€. 10 2) ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ๋Œ๋ด„. 17 3) ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ ์ข…๊ต ์˜๋ก€์™€ ์ฃฝ์Œ๊ด€. 23 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•. 30 1) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ. 30 2) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•. 33 4. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์„ฑ. 37 โ…ก. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ. 38 1. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ์™„ํ™”์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณ‘๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ. 39 2. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€. 44 1) ๋ณ‘๋™์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€. 44 2) ๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ๋„๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ์˜ ์ค‘์ฒฉ: ์ž„๋งˆ๋ˆ„์—˜ ๋ฐฉ. 58 3. ๋ง๊ธฐ ํ™˜์ž ๋Œ๋ด„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์™€ ์“ฐ์ž„. 63 โ…ข. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ์‹ค์ฒœ. 68 1. ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์˜ ์—…๋ฌด ๋ถ„๋‹ด. 68 1) ๋Œ๋ด„์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ง ์งœ๊ธฐ. 68 2) ์œ ๋™์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ˜ผ์žฌ๋œ ์—…๋ฌด. 81 3) ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ๊ณ ์œ  ์˜์—ญ: ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ธฐ. 90 2. ์น˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ์น˜์œ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„. 97 1) ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ. 97 2) ์ˆ˜๋„์ž๋“ค์ด ์•„ํ””์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹. 104 โ…ฃ. ๋งž๋‹ฟ์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ. 110 1. ๋ง๊ธฐ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹. 111 1) ์ƒํƒœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฃŒ์  ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹. 111 2) ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ฃฝ์Œ. 116 2. ๋‚ด์„ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ: ํ˜ธ์Šคํ”ผ์Šค ํŒ€์›๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์•™์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ. 119 3.'์›ฐ๋‹ค์ž‰'๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋งฅ๋ฝ. 129 4. ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๋†“์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ. 134 โ…ค. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก . 146 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ. 151 Abstract 161Maste

    Numerical solution of schrodinger equation by molecular dynamics simulated annealing

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