19 research outputs found

    (The) Study of the Pain Management Process in the Patient with Cancer

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    ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์•”ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€์—๋Š” ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฑ์ •, ๊ฐ€์ •์ƒํ™œ์˜ ๊ณค๋ž€, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์••๋ฐ•, ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ, ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์•”์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ†ต์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ํ†ต์ฆ์กฐ์ ˆ๋„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ ฅ๊ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ขŒ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์‚ถ์ด ์˜์š•์„์žƒ๊ฒŒ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•”ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์€ ์›์ธ์ด ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์‚ฌ์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ์ทจํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํ†ต์ฆ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ์ด๋กœ์ธํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์˜์•ฝ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜น์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ ๋“ฑ ๋ถˆํŽธ์—†์ด ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ์•”ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ†ต์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์™„ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹๋ถ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ†ต์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹๋ถ€์กฑ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•”ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ฐ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ, ์˜์‚ฌ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ๋‚ด ์ผ๊ฐœ ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์› ์•”๋ณ‘๋™์— ์ž…์›ํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•”ํ™˜์ž 31๋ช…๊ณผ ์•”๋ณ‘๋™์— ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ14๋ช…, ์˜์‚ฌ 6๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ์‚ฌ์ •, ์ค‘์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์ง€ ๊ฒ€ํ† , ๊ด€์ฐฐ, ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  Watt-Watso n์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹ ์ธก์ • ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 1995๋…„ 3์›” 16์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 4์šธ 30์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์€ ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก์ง€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ •, ์ค‘์žฌ, ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นˆ๋„์™€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ํ†ต์ฆ์‚ฌ์ •์€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ •๋„๊ตฌ์—†์ด ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ํฌ๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ๋ก์ง€์— ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์„œ์ˆ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.. ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ์˜ ๋ถ€์œ„์™€ ์œ ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ†ต์ฆ ์–‘์ƒ, ๊ฐ•๋„,๋ถ€์œ„ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„์†์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ •๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์—†์–ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ†ต์ฆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ„์†์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ •์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. 2. ํ†ต์ฆ์ค‘์žฌ๋Š” ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ณ„ํš์—†์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ ํ†ต์ฆ์กฐ์ ˆ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •๊ทœ์•ก๋ฌผ ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์™ธ์— ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฐ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ Demero l, Nubain, Tridol ๋“ฑ์„ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด์™ธ์— ๋ณด์กฐ์ ์ธ ํ†ต์ฆ์™„ํ™”๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ 8๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ๋”์šด ๋ฌผ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋“ฑ ํ†ต์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ„์— ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์‘ฅ์ฐœํŒฉ1๋ช…, ๋ณต๋Œ€๋ฅผ 1๋ช…์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”์— ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. 3. ํ†ต์ฆ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ ์ค‘์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€๋น„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „๊ต์šฑ์ด ํ–‰ํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ๊ทธ์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์€ ์ด 13์  ์ค‘ ํ‰๊ท  6.8์ ์œผ๋กœ 52.5%์˜ ์ •๋‹ต๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์€ ์ด 19์ ์ค‘ ํ‰๊ท  11.5์ ์œผ๋กœ 60.4%์˜ ์ •๋‹ต๋ฃฐ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์˜์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ฆ์ง€์‹ ๋ฐ ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ฑ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ‘๋™์—์„œ ์•”ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„ํš์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€ ์˜์‚ฌ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์‚ฌ์ • ๋ฐ ์ค‘์žฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ง„ํ†ต์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ง€์‹, ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํ†ต์ฆ์‚ฌ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ†ต์ฆ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ†ต์ฆ์‚ฌ์ • ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ์ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ฒŒํš์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ •, ์ˆ˜ํ–‰, ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ์ด์™ธ์˜ ํ†ต์ฆ์™„ํ™”๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Even with the development of modern medical technologies, many cancer patients suffer from unrelieved pain. It's mainly related to a knowledge deficit in pain management and the misconceptions about pain control. This study was done to describe the process of pain management in cancer patient unit. Data collection was done by the patient charts review, interview with nurses, patients, and a pain knowledge questionnaire. The subjects were cancer patients who had pain and nurses and doctors who worked on cancer patients unit in teaching hospital. The number of subjects was 31 cancer patients, 14 nurses, and 6 doctors. Data were collected from March 16, 1995 to April 30, 1995. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive statistics. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Pain assessment by nurses was only documented by the patients' descriptions of their pain without any specific questions or measurements. Physicians' notes only recorded the pain site. And there was no continuous assessment about pain related to degree, site or pattern. 2. Pain management was done only when the patient complain pain without any specified plan. 3. In the case of pain control with analgesics, pain was nat well relieved because the type and dose of analgesics were not well considered for each case. But in some cases, continuous analgesic infusions were done even though dose were not high enough to control the pain. Additional noninvasive methods to relieve pain were hot packs, mugwort hot packs and abdominal bandage when patient requested. 4. There were no systematic evaluations to the effects of the analgesics on the pain and little preventive measure for the side effect in the analgesics. 5. Overall knowledge levels about concer pain management in nurses and doctors shwed only a 52.5% accuracy rate about knowledge of pain and a 60.4% accuracy rate about knowledge of analgesics. In conclusion, it was found that cancer pain management was not done effectively in cancer patient unit. The reasons can be sen to be caused by firstly, lack of systematic pain assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation and, secondly, ignorance and misconception toward pain management by patients, nurses and doctors.restrictio
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