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    The Effect of League Brand Image Associations on League Brand Trust and League Channel Satisfaction and League Channel Loyalty

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    This study aims to investigate the brand image association of European professional football leagues and its influence on consumption of league related content on YouTube. Brand image is a component of brand equity and has been used as a key variable in many studies. From a sports management perspective, the image of team brand association has been well-acknowledged to increase consumer loyalty, however, recently the importance of brand association of the league itself has also been highly recognized. Based on this perspective, it is also important to increase the loyalty of consumers to the league through league brand management. In addition, the emergence of new platforms due to the development of media technology has provided an environment in which sports consumers can enjoy more sports contents. Also, sports organization's use of new media platforms to draw loyalty from existing and potential customers is a means to generate additional profits in addition to the main sources of revenue generated from ticket sales, sponsorship, and merchandising sales. Therefore, this study will examine the influence of league brand image on sports media consumption on YouTube based on Kellerโ€™s (1993) customer-based brand equity model. In addition, the study aims to examine mediating effects and predicts that positive brand image formed by consumers will be mediated by league brand trust, which in turn will influence consumption of league related content on YouTube. To this end, an online survey(2021.03.11.~2021.03.22.) was conducted on 352 football fans who have experience in consuming content related to European professional football(including the English Premier League(EPL), La Liga in Spain, Bundesliga in Germany, LIGUE 1 in France, and Serie-A in Italy) on YouTube. The survey was conducted over 12 days, and a total of 308 questionnaires were used for the analysis of the results, excluding 44 incomplete questionnaires. Survey questionnaire items for league brand association consisted of 17 items classified into attributes and benefits derived from the studies carried out by Gladden & Funk (2001), Bauer et al (2008), Kunkel et al (2014), and Cho (2017) and were modified and used for the purpose of this study. League brand trust was measured by four items initially used in the study by Chaudhuri & Holbrook(2001). While, league channel viewing satisfaction was measured by modifying and adapting the viewing satisfaction scale proposed by Gil et al (2016). Finally, the channel loyalty scale (Ahn 2013; Hyung, 2007; Oh & Jeon, 2016) was modified and adapted to measure league channel loyalty. The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 and AMOS 21 statistical package. Data analysis included descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The reliability of the measurement items used in this study was examined using cronbach's alpha, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the validity of each independent variable, parameter, and dependent variable. In order to analyze the structural relationship between the proposed variables, structural equation modeling analysis was conducted. The results of this study are as follows. First, among the association factors of the league brand image, the perception of benefits related to the league showed a positive effect on league brand trust. Second, league brand trust had a positive effect on league channel viewing satisfaction, and league brand trust had a positive effect on league channel loyalty. Third, league channel viewing satisfaction had a positive effect on league channel loyalty.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝํ”„๋กœ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์—ฐ์ƒ์ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์ฑ„๋„ ์†Œ๋น„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ๋‹ค. ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ž์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์š”๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋๋‹ค. ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํŒ€ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์—ฐ์ƒ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์˜ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ๋กœ์จ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ธ์‹์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์€ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋งˆ๋ จ๋์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ์กฐ์ง์ด ๋‰ด๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ž ์žฌ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‹ฐ์ผ“ ํŒ๋งค, ์Šคํฐ์„œ์‹ญ, ๋จธ์ฒœ๋‹ค์ด์ง• ํŒ๋งค์˜ ์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์ž…์› ์ด์™ธ์—๋„ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Keller(1993)์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ž์‚ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์†Œ๋น„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค๊ฐœ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์†Œ๋น„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜๊ตญ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์–ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ(EPL), ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ๋ผ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€(La Liga), ๋…์ผ ๋ถ„๋ฐ์Šค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€(Bundesliga), ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์•™(LIGUE 1), ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์„ธ๋ฆฌ์— A(Serie-A) ๋“ฑ ์œ ๋Ÿฝํ”„๋กœ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ ํŒฌ 352๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ (2021.03.11.~2021.03.22.) 12์ผ๊ฐ„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ ์ค‘ ๋ถˆ์„ฑ์‹คํ•œ 44๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด 308๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ถ„์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ๋Š” Gladden & Funk(2001), Bauer, Stokburger-Sauer, & Exler(2008), Kunkel, T., Funk, D. C., & King, C(2014), ์กฐ๊ฐ•๋ž˜(2017)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์†์„ฑ(attributes)๊ณผ ํ˜œํƒ(benefits)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ 17๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์—ฐ์ƒ ์š”์ธ์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” Chaudhuri & Holbrook(2001)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฐ 4๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” ์„๋ถ€๊ธธ, ์ด์šฉ๊ฑด, ์ด์„ฑ๋ฌธ(2016)๊ณผ ์ด์ •ํ•™, ์žฅ์šฉ์„, ์ด์ •๋ž˜(2016)๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ฐ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„๋Š” ๊น€๋„ํ˜•(2007), ์•ˆ์„ํ™(2013) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ฏธ์˜ ๋ฐ ์ „ํ˜•์—ฐ(2016)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ฐ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” IBM SPSS Statistics 26, AMOS 21 ํ†ต๊ณ„ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„, ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๋ถ„์„, ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๋ถ„์„, ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„, ํ™•์ธ์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„, ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธก์ • ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด cronbachโ€™s ฮฑ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™•์ธ์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ธ ๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์—ฐ์ƒ ์š”์ธ ์ค‘ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ˜œํƒ์˜ ์ธ์‹์€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ์ •(+)์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์— ์ •(+)์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„์— ์ •(+)์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„์— ์ •(+)์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.โ… . ์„œ ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 5 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  11 โ…ก. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 12 1. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์—ฐ์ƒ 12 1) ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 12 2) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์—ฐ์ƒ 19 2. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์—ฐ์ƒ์ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 29 1) ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ(brand trust)์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 29 2) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์—ฐ์ƒ์ด ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 30 3. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ฒญ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 31 1) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ 31 2) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„ 33 3) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ฒญ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 35 โ…ข. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์„ค 36 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์„ค ์„ค์ • 36 1) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜• 36 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์„ค 37 1) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์—ฐ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 37 2) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์™€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์‹œ์ฒญ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 38 3) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 39 โ…ฃ. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 40 1. ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ 40 1) ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜ ๋ฐ ์ธก์ • 40 (1) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ 40 (2) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ 41 (3) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ 41 (4) ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„ 42 2. ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 45 1) ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ 45 2) ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 45 โ…ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 46 1. ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์†์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ 46 2. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„ 49 3. ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 51 4. ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„ 52 5. ํ™•์ธ์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„ 53 1) ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 53 2) ์ง‘์ค‘ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 55 3) ํŒ๋ณ„ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 57 6. ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹๋ชจํ˜•(SEM) ๋ถ„์„ 57 1) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ 58 2) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์„ 59 3) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ • 60 โ…ฅ. ๋…ผ์˜ 62 1. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์—ฐ์ƒ ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ 62 2. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์™€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ 63 3. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์™€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„ 63 4. ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ ์ฑ„๋„ ์ถฉ์„ฑ๋„ 64 5. ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  65 6. ์‹ค๋ฌด์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  66 โ…ฆ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 67 1. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  67 2. ์ œ์–ธ 68 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 70 ๋ถ€ ๋ก 86 ํ‘œ ๋ชฉ ์ฐจ . ํ‘œ 1. ๋ณ€์ธ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜ 43 ํ‘œ 2. ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 44 ํ‘œ 3. ์ธ๊ตฌํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ 46 ํ‘œ 4. ์œ ๋Ÿฝํ”„๋กœ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์ด์šฉ ๋ณ€์ธ 48 ํ‘œ 5. ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ†ต๊ณ„ 50 ํ‘œ 6. ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 51 ํ‘œ 7. ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 53 ํ‘œ 8. ํ™•์ธ์  ์š”์ธ๋ถ„์„ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ 54 ํ‘œ 9. ์ธก์ •๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 56 ํ‘œ10. ์ฃผ์š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„ ์ง‘์ค‘ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๋ฐ ํŒ๋ณ„ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๋ถ„์„ 57 ํ‘œ11. ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจํ˜•(SEM) ์ ํ•ฉ๋„ 58 ํ‘œ12. ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 60 ํ‘œ13. ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 60์„

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    Studies of Organizational Culture in Korea: Trends and Recommendations

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์กฐ์ง๊ด€๋ จ 3๋Œ€ ํ•™ํšŒ์ง€์ธ ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์ธ์‚ฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์ธ์‚ฌ์กฐ์ง์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ˆ˜๋ก๋œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐœํ‘œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ œ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ํ˜„์ƒ, ํ†ตํ•ฉ, ๋ถ„ํ™”์˜ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ตœ๊ทผ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ (๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ํ†ตํ•ฉ) ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด ์™”๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ์ง์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์ถ•๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์›์ธ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ (๋ณ€์ˆ˜, ํ†ตํ•ฉ) ๊ด€์ ์— ์น˜์ค‘๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํƒˆํ”ผํ•˜์—ฌ, ์กฐ์ง์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ก ์  ์ ‘๊ทผ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐœํœ˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก, ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์—์„œ ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ†ตํ•ฉ์—์„œ ๋ถ„ํ™”๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์ด ํ™•์žฅ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค

    The Effects of the Characteristics of Job and Work Organization on the Formal and the Informal Learning of Employees

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์ค€๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์กฐ์ง ๋ฐ ์ง๋ฌด ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ณต์‹, ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ณต์‹, ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์ž‘์—…์กฐ์ง์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ์ค‘ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ด ๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์ง๋ฌด ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์˜ ์ง๋ฌด์ˆœํ™˜, ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฐธ๊ฐ€, ํ•™์Šต์ฐธ์—ฌ์ฃผ๋„์„ฑ์ด ๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๊ธ์ •(+)์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ™๋ จ์ˆ˜์ค€๋งŒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ๊ต์ฐจ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž‘์—…์กฐ์ง์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์™€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ˆ™๋ จ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ˆ™๋ จ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์ž‘์—…์กฐ์ง์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ž์œจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธ์ •(+)์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ต์ฐจ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.This article examines the effects of work organizationโ€™s and jobโ€™s characteristics on the formal and informal training of employees through the 2-level HLM(hierarchical linear mode). The results are as follows; First, both of the level of the formal and informal training of employees are low. Second, only performance feedback, as measured by the rate of performance pay against base wage, among work organizationโ€™s characteristics has a effect on the formal training of employees. Third, of jobโ€™s characteristics, participation in job rotation, the initiative of employees in learning, and participation in problem solving have positive effects on the formal training of employees. And only the ability of employees has a positive effect on the informal training of employees. Fourth, in the case of formal learning, there is a positive cross-level interaction effect between size and the ability of employees. And also there are two positive cross-level interaction effects between autonomy and the ability of employees, and between complexity and the ability of employees
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