14 research outputs found

    A Critical Analysis on the Current Accountability Mechanisms in Korean Higher Education

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    ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ ์†์—์„œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ๋ฅผ (1) ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ, (2) ๊ด€์ (์ •๋ถ€-์‹œ์žฅ-์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€/๋Œ€ํ•™), (3)ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์„ ๋ง‰๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์น˜์ /๊ด€ ๋ฃŒ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹œ์žฅ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธํกํ•˜๊ณ , ๋™์‹œ์— ํ˜„ํ–‰ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ์„œ (1) ๊ตญ๊ฐ€(์ •๋ถ€)ยท์‹œ์žฅยท์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€(๋Œ€ํ•™)์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ„๋„Œ์Šค์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•, (2) ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจ ๋ณด์™„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋งˆ๋ จ, (3) ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํŠน ์„ฑยท๋ฏธ์…˜ยท์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด ์ •์ฑ… ๋“ฑ์ด ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •์ฑ…๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. In the context where social demands for higher education accountability are higher than ever before, this study aims to draw useful implications for the direction of the future accountability policies by conducting a critical analysis on the current accountability mechanisms in Korean higher education. To achieve this goal, the study first develops, through an extensive literature review, an analytical framework to investigate accountability mechanisms in Korean higher education. The effectiveness of the current higher education accountability mechanisms is then thoroughly examined based on the following three dimensions: (1) the accountor (those who are responsible for) and means to achieve accountability; (2) perspectives (political/ bureaucratic, market, and professional); and (3) societal context. The results indicate that the professional mechanisms are least developed compared to the political/bureaucratic and the market forms of accountability mechanisms. It is also found that the current accountability mechanisms are not sufficient enough to fully consider a recent higher education paradigm shift reflecting drastic societal changes over the past two decades or so. In conclusion, this study argues that, firstly, it is necessary to establish an appropriate governance system where the representatives of the government, market, and professionals (universities) are brought together to set the long-term goals of higher education, balancing different views of these three different parties in the society. Secondly, strengthening professional accountability mechanisms while at the same time introducing measures to avoid professionals failures should be considered. Thirdly, given different characteristics, missions, and capabilities of the institutions, more flexible accountability mechanisms need to be introduced and further utilized
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