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    A study on child's anxiety level at the time of injection

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ œ๊ณต์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋™๋ฐ˜์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ์ž์•„์˜ ์ž„๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์„œ๋ฐ˜์‘์œผ๋กœ, ์ž…์›์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ , ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋“ฑ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜์–ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๋ฐœ ๋‹ฌ์— ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ ยท์ •์„œ์  ์†์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์‹œ ํ‚จ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์ผ๊ฐœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ 2๊ฐœ์†Œ ๋ถ€์†๋ณ‘์› ์˜๋ก€๋‚˜ ์œก์•„์ƒ๋‹ด์‹ค์„ ๋‚ด์›ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งž๊ธฐ์œ„ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์™€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์— 31๋ช…, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์— 25๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” Spielberger์˜ STAI์™€ Sarason์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ฒ™๋„์™€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ •ยท๋ณด์•ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 1981๋…„ 6์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 6์›” 27์ผ์— ๊ฑธ์นœ 10์ผ๋™์•ˆ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, T-Test, Analysis of Variance, Pearson Correlation Coefficients์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ์ œ1๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ ใ€Œ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.ใ€์™€ ์ œ 2๊ฐ€์„ค์ธใ€Œ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.ใ€์™€ ์ œ3 ๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ ใ€Œ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๊ธฐ์งˆ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๊ธฐ์งˆ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.ใ€์™€ ์ œ4๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ ใ€Œ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์งˆ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.ใ€์˜ ์ œ ๊ฐ€์„ค๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ5๊ฐ€์„ค์ธ ใ€Œ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ ์•ˆ์€ ์‹คํ˜๊ท ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์งˆ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.ใ€๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜์„ฑ ์žˆ ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋งŒ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=.4266, P<.01). ์ด๋Š” ํ‘œ์ง‘์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ฐœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ณ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋น„์œจ์˜ ์ฐจ์™€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ ค๋œ๋‹ค. 2. ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ถˆ์•ˆ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ถ„์„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๊ธฐ์งˆ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ด ์—ฐ๋ น์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•™๋ น์ „ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์—์„œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋™๋ฐ˜์ด ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ถ„์„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ , ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ž…์›๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์ƒํƒœ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์˜ ์ •๋„์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ  ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฃผ์‚ฌ์‹œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช… ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. A study on child's anxiety level at the time of injection. Park, Horan Department of Nursing Thc Graduate School Yonsei University (Directed by Professor, Kim, Susie) This study was designed to investigate from the viewpoint of the art of nusing the effcet of the mother's presence on the anxiety of a Child at the time of injection. Anxiety is an emotional reaction to a danger impending upon onself. Hospitalization, surgical operation, injection, etc. constitute threatening situation for children, and accordingly serve as sources of their anxiety. Such anxieties pose as grave factors affecting the development of a child's character. As a consequence, it can be said that search for a method of nursing to reduce the psycho;ogical and emotional impact on children is very important and indispensable. The author attempted to find out a proper method to deliver effective nursing service to children by tracing the degree of their anxiety at the time of injection by means of comparing an experimetal group of children who were accompanied by their mothers and a control group who were not accompanied by their mothers. The subjects of their study comprised 31 children and their mothers in the experimental group and 25 children and their mothers in the control group, who wisited out-patient department and child consultation section of two college hospitals to get injection. For measurement of anxiety, the author used Spielberger's STAI Sarason's method for measuring general anxiety for children and a questionnair which was prepared to suit the purpose of this study in consultation of related literatures. The period of material collection was 10 days beteen June 1 and June 27, 1981. and the collected material was analyzed and observed by statistical methods-pearson correlation coefficients, percentage, T-test and analysis of variance. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The following four hypothesis all produced negative results ; 1st hypothesis ; "children's state anxiety will be smaaller in the experimental group than in the control groups". 2nd hypothests ; "Mother's anxiety at the time of injection for their children will be smaller in the experimental group than in the control group". 3rd hypothesis ; "There will be a significant correlation between mothers' trait anxiety and their childen's a trait anxiety". 4th hypothesis ; "children's state anxiety at the time of injection will increased with increase in their trait anxiety both in the experimental and control groups". However, in the 5th hypothesis, "Mothers" state anxiety at the time of injection for their children will increase with increase in thair trait anxiety both in experimental and control groups", the reaction was found to be partly significant in the experimental group.(r =.4266, p<.01). 2. The auther failed to obtain statistically significant results in the analysis of chilren's general characteristics which affect their anxiety. However, there was a tendency that trait anxiety changes with the age of children that is. in children before school age, the accompaniment of their mothers affected their state anxiety. 3. In the analysis of the correlation between the general characteristics of children which affect significantly mothers' anxiety, the results were different in the mothers' anxiety depending upon children's diagnosis and children's hospitalization experience, but the difference was statistically negligible. To conclude, the author failed to obtain expected results in this study which was designed to find out a method of delivering nursing service in such a way as to reduce children's anxiety by invertigating the degree of anxiety varing with the method of nusing at the time of injection.restrictio
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