15 research outputs found

    ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๊ตฐ์ง‘ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ํ˜•์ƒํ™”

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋””์ž์ธํ•™๋ถ€ ๋””์ž์ธ์ „๊ณต, 2019. 2. ์ •์˜์ฒ .๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด ์™ธํ˜•์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋กœ ์ „์ด๋จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ‹๋ฐ‹ํ•ด์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ-์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๋„ ์ค‘ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋™์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ ์‹œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„์˜ ์—ฐ์žฅ์„ ์—์„œ, ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋™์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ €๋ณ€์„ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ ์ž ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์กฐํ˜• ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋””์ž์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ณ„๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์›€์ง์ž„์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฒŒ์ŠˆํƒˆํŠธ ์ด๋ก (Gestalt theory)์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃนํ•‘ ์›์น™(principles of Grouping)์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ์กฐํ˜• ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์งš์–ด๋ณด๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ์ง€๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์ง€๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋…ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ณผ ์ „์ฒด๋กœ์„œ์˜ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ํ˜ผ์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ธต์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์œผ๋กœ, ์‹œ์ง€๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ํš๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์˜ ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์„ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์€ ๋ถ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๋ฆฝ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆํ˜• ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ˜ธํ™˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ™•์žฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ผ๋‘ ํ•˜์—ฌ A, B, C, D, E๋กœ ์ด 5์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„, ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์€ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์›€์ง์ž„๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์บ  ์šด๋™ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ˆ˜์ง ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ A ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ๊ณผ ํฌ๋žญํฌ ์šด๋™ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํƒ€์› ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ B ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ ์ธ ์›€์ง์ž„์œผ๋กœ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ y์ถ•ํšŒ์ „์„ z์ถ• ํšŒ์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ์‹œํ‚จ ํšŒ์ „ ์šด๋™ ์ธ C ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ, 4์ ˆ๋งํฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ํฌ๋žญํฌ ์šด๋™ ์˜ D ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ, ์ธ์žฅ์žฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํšŒ์ „์šด๋™์„ ์ง์„ ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์‹œํ‚จ ์šด๋™์˜ E ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์€ ๋น„๊ต์  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ ์ค‘ ์‹œ์ง€๊ฐ์  ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 5์ข…๋ฅ˜, ์ด 16๊ฐœ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ์˜ ์กฐํ˜•์  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Due to rapidly occurring Dematerialization, people lost their rich physical experiences from digital products. In many attempts to compensate for flattened experiences in user-product interaction, there were attempts of applying motion into objects in the physical world. In this study, as an additional attempt in order to expand what designers can use for applying motion into objects, group motion is proposed. In this study, we will differentiate group motion from individual motion. Group motion which composite of numerous individual motions, is based on the Principles of Grouping from Gestalt theory. The characteristic of group motion is that it is a motion of multi-layered structure considering both individual motion and a motion as a whole. we will explore the features of visual-perception among individual motion and group motion. In this study, experimental templates are made for simulating group motion. These templates have modular features allowing its users capable of assemble and disassemble its composition. There are 5 types of templates from series A to E which simulates different shapes of group motion. Each template is originated from different type of motions that easily found in our routine lives such as crank mechanism, cam mechanism, and four bar linkage. By making each templates and simulating group motion, we will seek potential possibilities of group motion which designers may utilize.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์›€์ง์ž„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด 6 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 6 2.1.1 ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ 6 2.1.2 ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์›€์ง์ž„ 7 2.1.3 ์›€์ง์ž„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 8 2.1.4 ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์š”์†Œ 13 2.1.5 ๊ฐœ์ฒด์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ 14 2.1.6 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ 15 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํƒ๊ตฌ 17 2.2.1 ๊ตฐ์ง‘ ์›€์ง์ž„ ๋‚ด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์กฐํ˜• 18 2.2.2 ๊ตฐ์ง‘ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์กฐํ˜• 19 2.2.3 ๊ตฐ์ง‘ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ๋ฐฐ์—ด 20 2.2.4 ๊ตฐ์ง‘ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 22 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์กฐํ˜•์  ํ‘œํ˜„ 26 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์˜ ๊ตฌ์ƒ 26 3.1.1 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ๊ตฌ์ƒ 27 3.1.2 ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ๊ตฌ์ƒ 29 3.1.3 ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ๊ตฌ์ƒ 31 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์˜ ๊ตฌํ˜„ 32 3.2.1 ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ถ€์˜ ์™ธํ˜• 33 3.2.2 ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์˜ ๋ชจํ„ฐ ๋ฐ•์Šค 34 3.2.3 ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ ๊ตฌ๋™๋ถ€์˜ ์ฝ”์–ด 35 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ A-E 38 3.1.1 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ A 38 3.1.2 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ B 41 3.1.3 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ C 44 3.1.1 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ D 47 3.1.2 ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ E 50 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋…ผ์˜ 52 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 54 Abstract 56Maste

    Transcription factors Sp1 and Sp3 regulate expression of human ABCG2 gene and chemoresistance phenotype

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    ABCG2 is a member of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transmembrane proteins that plays an important role in stem cell biology and drug resistance of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated how expression of human ABCG2 gene is regulated in lung cancer A549 cells. Binding of Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors to the ABCG2 promoter in vitro and in vivo was elucidated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The ABCG2 promoter activity was impaired when Sp1 sites were mutated but was enhanced by overexpression of Sp1 or Sp3 proteins. Knockdown of Sp1 or Sp3 expression by short interfering RNA significantly decreased the expression of ABCG2 mRNA and protein, resulting in attenuated formation of the side population in A549 cells. In addition, Sp1 inhibition in vivo by mithramycin A suppressed the percentage of the side population fraction and sphere forming activities of A549 cells. Moreover, inhibiting Sp1- or Sp3-dependent ABCG2 expression caused chemosensitization to the anticancer drug cisplatin. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors are the primary determinants for activating basal transcription of the ABCG2 gene and play an important role in maintaining the side population phenotype of lung cancer cells.ope

    ้Ÿ“ยทไธญยทๆ—ฅ ๆฑๆด‹้†ซๅญธ ่ฎŠ้ท้Ž็จ‹์˜ ไฟๅฅๅฒ็š„ ่€ƒๅฏŸ : ๅ„ ้†ซ็™‚ๅˆถๅบฆ์˜ ็‰นๅพต็š„ ่ฎŠ้ท้Ž็จ‹๊ณผ ็›ธไบ’้—œ่ฏ์„ ไธญๅฟƒ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธๅคงๅญธๆ ก ไฟๅฅๅคงๅญธ้™ข :ไฟๅฅ็ฎก็†ๅญธ็ง‘ ไฟๅฅๅญธๅฐˆๆ”ป,1997.Maste

    ์ˆ˜์ปท ํฐ์ฅ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ Chaparral ์ถ”์ถœ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ๋…์„ฑ ์‹œํ—˜ ๋ฐ Chaparral๊ณผ Acetaminophen์˜ ๋ณ‘์šฉ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์–‘ํ•™๊ณผ,2006.Maste

    Comparative research into the process of forming the theory of human constitution in ancient western medicine and that of four trigrams constitution in Korean medicine

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌํ•™์ „๊ณต,2008.2.Docto

    Streptomyces coelicolor์—์„œ mycothiol ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ

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    Thesis(doctors) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€,2008.8.Docto

    Performance Analysis on Micro Gas Turbine using Byproduct Gas from Iron & Steel Making Process

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    Master์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ๊ตญ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ธํ•ด ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ โ€ข์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํ™•๋Œ€์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ถ„์‚ฐํ˜• ์ „์›์ธ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์Šคํ„ฐ๋นˆ(Micro Gas Turbine, MGT)์ด ๊ฐ๊ด‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์ธ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ตญ์ œ์œ ๊ฐ€์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ํฐ ํญ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์Šนํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ €ํ•˜ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์ผ๊ด€์ œ์ฒ ์†Œ๋Š” ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณต์ •์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์—ฐ์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์ฒด ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์กฐ์—…์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜• ๋ฐœ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ 10์–ต NใŽฅ/yr์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค(Byproduct Gas)๋ฅผ Flare Stack์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณต์ • ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ MGT์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„ํšจ์œจ ์ฆ๋Œ€์™€ MGT์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํšŒ๋ณต์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณต์ • ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ MGT์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์žฌํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณต์ • ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด MGT ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ์ „์‚ฐ๋ชจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณต์ • ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ MGT์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ƒ์šฉ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด โ€œPEPSE GT-77โ€์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” 65 kW๊ธ‰ MGT๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ชจ๋ธ (Baseline Model)๋กœ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณต์ • ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ชจ๋ธ(Target Model)์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 6์ข…์˜ ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณต์ • ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ฐ€์Šค(COG, BFG, LDG, FOG, Mixed Gas I, Mixed Gas II) ์ค‘์—์„œ 65 kW ์ถœ๋ ฅ์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” Coke Oven Gas (COG)์™€ Linz-Donawitz Gas (LDG)๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ COG์™€ LDG๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ถ„์ž๋Ÿ‰์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ˆ˜์†Œ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋†’์€ COG๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „์‚ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ COG์™€ LDG๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„, ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์˜จ๋„, ์••์ถ•๊ธฐ ํšจ์œจ, ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํšจ์œจ ๋ฐ ์••์ถ•๋น„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์™ธ๊ธฐ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๋ฐ€๋„ ์ €ํ•˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์ž… ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋น„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์••์ถ•๊ธฐ ํšจ์œจ ๋ฐ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํšจ์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ํšจ์œจ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋น„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์••์ถ•๋น„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ‚ฌ์ˆ˜๋ก ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ดํด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ํ˜„์žฅ ์ ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฒ•(Net Present Value, NPV) ๋ฐ ํ• ์ธ ํˆฌ์žํšŒ์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋ฒ•(Discounted Payback Period, DPP)์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํ• ์ธ์œจ 3 %๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ˆœํ˜„๊ฐ€(NPV)๋Š” 206930 ใ€–10ใ€—^3KRW, ํ• ์ธ ํˆฌ์žํšŒ์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(DPP)์€ 4.26๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.New and renewable energy has been widely considered to solve global warming by replacing fossil fuel energy over the world. Environment friendly Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) system has been widely used, however the economic feasibility of MGT system is decreased because the natural gas price as well as oil is increased. Integrated steel mill plant uses byproduct gas from iron & steel making process to produce electricity power for internal demands. However, there is a surplus byproduct gas of 1xใ€–10ใ€—^9 NใŽฅ/yr because of steel producing imbalance. These surplus byproduct gas is exerted to air by flare stack. The economic feasibility of MGT can be improved by using surplus byproduct gas from iron & steel making process. However, there are few research results the feasibility study of MGT using byproduct gas. Therefore, MGT using byproduct gas is investigated in this study through numerical simulation. PEPSE GT-77 is used to investigate the performance analysis of MGT using byproduct gas. The target model using byproduct gas from iron & steel making process is developed based on the 65 kW class MGT system which uses natural gas as fuel. Coke Oven Gas (COG) and Linz-Donawitz Gas (LDG) among six byproduct gases(such as, COG, BFG, LDG, FOG, Mixed Gas I, Mixed Gas II) produce more than 65 kW power, thus these byproduct gases are considered in this study. Generally, MGT using COG and LDG byproduct gases produce more power than MGT using natural gas. Furthermore, COG shows the largest power characteristic because it has relatively large hydrogen contents related to a high calorific value. Sensitivity analysis is conducted with respect to ambient temperature, fuel temperature, compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency and pressure ratio for target model using COG and LDG. Based on the sensitivity analysis results, the power of target model is linearly decreased as ambient temperature is increased, because air flow rate is decreased (i.e., air density is decreased). Furthermore, the power of target model is linearly increased as compressor efficiency and turbine efficiency are increased. However, the power of target model is not sensitive with respect to fuel temperature and turbine efficiency. Finally, the power of target model is linearly decreased as pressure ratio is increased because of characteristic of heat exchange cycle. To investigate feasibility of MGT using COG and LDG byproduct gases, economic feasibility analysis is conducted by using Net Present Value (NPV) and Discounted Payback Period (DPP) methods. As a results, NPV were derived 206,930 ใ€–x10ใ€—^3KRW and DPP were shown 4.26 yr under the given 3 % discount rate condition

    Improving Document Summarization with New Noising Schemes in Pre-training Model

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    Master๋ฌธ์„œ ์š”์•ฝ์€ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฌธ์„œ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์งง๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์„œ ์š”์•ฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ•™์Šต๋œ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฟ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์„œ ์š”์•ฝ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฌธ์„œ ์ถ”์ƒ ์š”์•ฝ์— ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ•™์Šต ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์ธ BART๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ฌธ์„œ์— ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์ด์ง• ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์‚ญ์ œ ๋…ธ์ด์ง•์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์„œ ์ถ”์ƒ ์š”์•ฝ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์ดํ•ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, BART๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์„œ ์š”์•ฝ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์•ฝ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ๋…ธ์ด์ง• ๋ฐฉ์‹๋“ค์€ ํฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.Document summarization in natural language processing entails writing several brief sentences that include core details of the given document. Recently, several methods have been proposed to use pre-trained language models for document summarization, but these language models have limitations in using a designed input noise method without considering the nature of document summarization. In this paper, we introduce BART, a pre-training language model, in the abstract summarization of Korean documents, and propose two novel noising schemes, random sentence insertion and sentence deletion, that improve the language comprehension ability of the abstract summarization model. Experiments on Korean summarization task shows that using the proposed noising schemes improve the quality of the generated summary in small scale models, but does not improve in large scale models

    High dose bisphenol A impairs hippocampal neurogenesis in female mice across generations

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    Bisphenol A (BPA) is used as a monomer during the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. However, BPA adversely affects reproductive organ growth and development, and it has been proposed that the detrimental effects of BPA could extend to future generations. The present study was conducted to evaluate the transgenerational effects of BPA on hippocampal neurogenesis and neurocognitive function. Pregnant female C57BL/6 mice (F0) were exposed to BPA (0.1-10 mg/kg) from gestation day 6 to 17, and female offspring (F2) from F1 generation mice were prepared. It was found that exposure of F0 mice to BPA at 10 mg/kg decreased the number of newly generated cells in the hippocampi of F2 female mice. Passive avoidance testing revealed that high-doses BPA (1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) decreased cross-over latency time in F2 mice, suggesting a BPA-mediated neurocognitive deficit in terms of memory retention. Furthermore, it was found that levels of phospho-ERK, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and phospho-CREB in hippocampi were significantly lower in F2 mice. Interestingly, the effects of BPA on hippocampal neurogenesis were found to be correlated with altered DNA methylation. In particular, high-dose BPA exposure increased DNA methylation of the CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1 (Crtc1) generated in F2 mice. These findings suggest that BPA exposure of pregnant mothers could adversely affect hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in future generations by modulating the ERK and BDNF-CREB signaling cascades.ope

    Transcriptional activation of the IL31 gene by NFAT and STAT6

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    IL-31, a newly identified member of the IL-6 cytokine family, is involved in many pathological conditions, including atopic dermatitis and pruritis. In this study, we investigated how expression of IL-31 is regulated in T cells and mast cells. We observed that expression of IL-31 required a calcium signal and was dependent on the calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway. Moreover, we found that IL-31 promoter contains a positive regulatory region that mediates calcium- and IL-4-dependent induction of the IL-31 gene and demonstrated that a change into an open chromatin conformation occurs in this region after stimulation with calcium and IL-4. Whereas IL-4 responsiveness required STAT6 binding sites, calcium responsiveness of IL-31 promoter required NFAT binding sites that bind NFATc1 and NFATc2 in vitro and in vivo. The induction of IL-31 promoter activity was impaired when these sites were mutated but was enhanced by CA-NFATc1 or STAT6 proteins and further increased synergistically by combinations of both proteins. Furthermore, the importance of STAT6 proteins was indicated by impaired, IL-4-mediated induction of IL-31 in STAT6-diminished Jurkat cells. Thus, our data demonstrate that calcium and IL-4 signals are required to mediate induction of IL-31 in Th2 cells and mast cells and that this induction appears to result from specific binding of NFAT and STAT6 proteins.ope
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