Procyclicality of Buffer Capital and Its Implications for Basel II: A Cross Country Analysis

This paper investigates the cyclical patterns of buffer capital using an unbalanced panel data for the banks in 30 OECD countries and 7 non-OECD Asian countries. We test whether the relationships between buffer capital and business cycle are systematicallI. Introduction II. Procyclicality of Bank Lending and Basel II 　1. Procyclicality of Bank Lending and Financial Regulation 　2. The Effect of Basel II on the Procycliclity of Bank Loans III. Emprical Ananlysis 　1. Motivation 　2. Empirical Speci

The Impact of Internet Banking on the Performance of the Korean Banking Industry : An Empirical Analysis

The paper tests the hypothesis that Internet banking reduces cost and ultimately enhances profitability for banks. Our analysis suggests that Internet banking does contribute to cost reduction but does not affect profitability. The implications are that tⅠ. 서 론 　Ⅱ. 국내의 인터넷뱅킹 현황 및 관련 연구 　Ⅲ. 국내은행 경영성과에 대한 인터넷뱅킹의 영향 　Ⅳ. 결 론 　참고문헌 　 실증분석을 위한 손익계산서 항목의 재구성 　 분석에 사용된 변수들의 기초통계

급성췌장염랫드모델에서 개의 지방유래 중간엽 줄기세포의 항염증효과

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 수의학과, 2017. 2. 윤화영.중증 급성 췌장염은 개들의 개들의 전신 합병증과 높은 사망률과 관련이 있다 . 간엽 줄기 세포 는 몇 가지 염증 모델에서 치료 가능성에 대한 연구가 있었다 . 본 연구에서는 3% sodium sodium taurocholate taurocholate taurocholate solution solution 을 췌관으로 역행 주사하여 유도 한 중증 급성 췌장염의 췌장염의 랫드 모델에서 개의 지방유래 중간엽 줄기세포(cATMSC) (cATMSC)(cATMSC) (cATMSC)(cATMSC)의 효과를 조사 하였다 . dioctadecyl-3,3,3-tetramethylindocarocyanine percholrate (1 x 10 7 cellscellscells cells / kg)로 표지 된 cATMSC를 랫트에 전신 투여하고 조직 병리학적, 정량적 실시간 PCR 및 면역 세포 화학적 분석을 위해 3 일 후 췌장 조직을 채취 하였다. 대조군에 비해 중증 급성 췌장염을 유발한 랫트의 췌장에서 cATMSCs가 더 많이 검출되었다. cATMSC 주입은 췌장 부종, 염증 세포 침윤 및 선세포 괴사를 감소 시켰고 전 염증성 사이토 카인 TNF-α, Interleukin(IL) -1β, -6, -12, -17 및 -23의 췌장 발현을 감소시켰다. 또한 Interferon-γ를 억제하는 반면, 중증 급성 췌장염 랫드에서 항 염증성 사이토 카인 IL-4 및 IL-10의 발현을 촉진했다. 더욱이, cATMSCs는 손상된 췌장에서 분화 3-positive T cell의 클러스터 수를 감소 시켰고, Forkhead box P3-positve T cell의 수를 증가시켰다. 이러한 결과는 cATMSC가 개에서의 중증 급성 췌장염 치료를위한 세포 기반 치료 전략으로 효과적 일 수 있음을 나타낸다.Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with systemic complications and high mortality rate in dogs. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated for their therapeutic potential in several inflammation models. The present study investigated the effects of canine adipose tissue-derived (cAT)MSCs in a rat model of SAP induced by retrograde injection of 3% sodium taurocholate solution into the pancreatic duct. cATMSCs labeled with dioctadecyl-3,3,3-tetramethylindo-carbocyanine perchlorate (1 × 10 7 cells/kg) were systemically administered to rats and pancreatic tissue was collected 3 days later for histopathological, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunocytochemical analyses. Greater numbers of infused cATMSCs were detected in the pancreas of SAP as compared to sham-operated rats. cATMSC infusion reduced pancreatic edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and acinar cell necrosis, and decreased pancreatic expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, -6, -12, -17, and -23 and interferon-γ, while stimulating expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in SAP rats. Moreover, cATMSCs decreased the number of cluster of differentiation 3-positive T cells and increased that of Forkhead box P3-positive T cells in the injured pancreas. These results indicate that cATMSCs can be effective as a cell-based therapeutic strategy for treatment of SAP in dogs.1. Literature Review 1 1.1 Severe acute pancreatitis and their treatment 1 1.2 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) 2 1.3 The anti-inflammatory effect of MSCs 3 1.4 Therapeutic potential of MSCs in severe acute pancreatitis 9 2. Isolation of canine mesenchymal stem cell from adipose tissues 10 2.1. Introduction 10 2.2. Materials and methods 11 2.2.1 Adipose tissue isolation 11 2.2.2 Cell culture 11 2.2.3 Flow cytometery 11 2.2.4 Differentiation 13 2.3. Results 13 2.3.1 Characterization of cATMSCs 13 2.4.Discussion 14 3. Therapeutic effects of canine ATMSCs on SAP in the rat model 16 3.1. Introduction 16 3.2. Material and methods 17 3.2.1 Animal experimental and cell transplantation 17 3.2.2 Histological analysis 19 3.2.3 Measurement of serum amylase, lipase, and inflammatory cytokine level 19 3.2.4 RNA extraction and quantitative real-time PCR 20 3.2.5 Canine peripheral blood mononuclear cell (cPBMC) isolation 20 3.2.6 Rat splenocyte isolation 21 3.2.7 Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) 21 3.2.8 Immunocytochemistry 22 3.2.9 Statistical analysis 22 3.3. Results 23 3.3.1 Histological analysis and assessment of pancreatic markers after cATMSCs infusion 23 3.3.2 Detection of systemically infused cATMSCs in rat pancreas 23 3.3.3 Effect of cATMSCs on inflammatory response 24 3.3.4 T cell regulation by cATMSCs 24 3.4. Discussion 25 4. General conclusion 33 5. References 34Docto

Technique failure in Korean incident peritoneal dialysis patients: a national population-based study

BACKGROUND: Technique failure is an important issue for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. In this study, we aimed to analyze technique failure rate in detail and to determine the predictors for technique failure in Korea. METHODS: We identified all patients who had started dialysis between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2008, in Korea, using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. A total of 7,614 PD patients were included, and the median follow-up was 24.9 months. RESULTS: The crude incidence rates of technique failure in PD patients were 54.1 per 1,000 patient-years. The cumulative 1-, 2-, and 3-year technique failure rates of PD patients were 4.9%, 10.3%, and 15.6%, respectively. However, those technique failure rates by Kaplan-Meier analysis were overestimated compared with the values by competing risks analysis, and the differences increased with the follow-up period. In multivariate analyses, diabetes mellitus and Medical Aid as a crude reflection of low socioeconomic status were independent risk factors in both the Cox proportional hazard model and Fine and Gray subdistribution model. In addition, cancer was independently associated with a lower risk of technique failure in the Fine and Gray model. CONCLUSION: Technique failure was a major concern in patients initiating PD in Korea, especially in diabetic patients and Medical Aid beneficiaries. The results of our study offer a basis for risk stratification for technique failure.ope

고차 정확도 라그랑지안 표면 추적 문제에 대한 연구

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 자연과학대학 수리과학부, 2018. 2. 강명주.In this thesis, we proposed the method for tracking the interface with higher order accuracy, when given the normal velocity. Our proposed model combines the well-known Lagrangian surface tracking method with the high order interpolation method for discontinuity capturing. The proposed method not only tracks the surface with higher accuracy than the conventional method, but also depends little on the geometric parameters. Furthermore, the method accurately detects the local shapes of the surface, which is an essential part for a stable interface tracking method. The model developed on the two-dimensional interface can be extended naturally on the three-dimensional interface using the high order interpolation method on triangular meshes.1 Introduction 1 2 Previous works 4 2.1 Level set method 4 2.1.1 Basic equations 4 2.1.2 Numerical discretization 5 2.1.3 Reinitialization 6 2.2 Face offsetting method 8 2.2.1 Advection type 8 2.2.2 Wavefrontal type 11 2.2.3 Null-space smoothing 13 2.3 Weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme 14 2.3.1 Polynomial reconstruction 14 2.3.2 ENO reconstruction 15 2.3.3 WENO reconstruction 16 2.4 WENO scheme on triangular meshes 20 2.4.1 Third order reconstruction 20 2.4.2 Fourth order reconstruction 22 2.4.3 Positivity of linear weights 23 2.4.4 Smoothness indicators and nonlinear weights 25 2.5 Total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta method 26 3 Proposed models 28 3.1 FOM-WENO scheme 28 3.1.1 Motivations for high order FOM scheme 28 3.1.2 High order reconstruction of normals 30 3.1.3 Modified normal vector and error analysis 32 3.1.4 Setting functions reflecting geometric shocks 35 3.1.5 Mesh smoothing method 37 3.1.6 FOM-WENO algorithm 37 3.2 FOM-WENO scheme in three dimension 39 3.3 Numerical experiments 42 3.3.1 Accuracy for normal vector approximation 43 3.3.2 Long time accuracy for corner propagation 51 3.3.3 Geometric stability of FOM-WENO scheme 60 3.3.4 Comparison of volume loss 62 3.3.5 Propagating under non-uniform normal velocity 66 3.3.6 Results in three dimension 68 4 Conclusion 73 Abstract (in Korean) 80Docto

Dementia is a risk factor for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in elderly Korean patients initiating hemodialysis: a Korean national population-based study

BACKGROUND: Dementia is common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) and is associated with worse outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) in elderly patients with dementia initiating HD. METHODS: Using the database from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, we analyzed 10,171 patients aged 65 years or older who had initiated dialysis from 2005 to 2008. MACCE was defined as a composite outcome of all-cause mortality, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and nonfatal ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used, and further comparisons using propensity-score matching at 1:2 ratio were also performed. RESULTS: A total of 303 elderly patients (3.0%) had dementia at initiating HD. During follow-up, dementia was a significant predictor of MACCE after adjustment for confounding variables. In addition, further analyzed in the propensity-score matched groups, dementia was an independent predictor of both nonfatal ischemic stroke and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Dementia is an independent risk factor for mortality and ischemic stroke in elderly ESRD patients initiating HD. Patients with dementia who start dialysis should be closely monitored to reduce the risk of mortality and ischemic stroke.ope

The Profitability Improving Effects of Korean SME Policy Lending Programs

This study attempts to provide a basis of selecting policy directions by empirically analyzing the effect of policy lending programs for SMEs in Korea using micro firm-level data and examining whether the programs contribute to improving the performance oⅠ. 서론 　Ⅱ. 중소기업 정책금융의 현황과 특징 　　1. 우리나라의 중소기업 정책금융 　　2. 정책자금 지원자료와 그 특징 　　　가. 중소기업 정책자금 지원자료 　　　나. 정책자금이 지원된 중소기업들의 특징 　Ⅲ. 중소기업 정책금융효과의 실증분

국내 은행산업의 대형화에 따른 경쟁도 변화 분석

This paper examines the hypothesis that states consolidation and concentration within Korean banking industry have impaired competition and escalated market power of banks. Competition is measured using Bresnahan-Lau method, which estimates a structural mI. 서론 II. 논의의 배경과 관련 연구 　1. 국내 은행산업의 대형화와 시장집중도 상승 　2. 시장집중도와 경쟁구조의 이론적 관계 　3. 기존의 실증연구 III. 연구의 방법 및 분석모형 　1. 연구의 방법 　2. 분석모형 IV. 실증분석 및 결과 　1

A prime determinant in selecting dialysis modality: peritoneal dialysis patient survival

The number of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has rapidly increased, as has the cost of dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an established treatment for ESRD patients worldwide; it has a variety of advantages, including autonomy and flexibility, as well as economic benefits in many countries compared to hemodialysis (HD). However, the long-term survival rate of PD remains poor. Although direct comparison of survival rate between the dialysis modalities by randomized controlled trials is difficult due to the ethical issues, it has always been a crucial point when deciding which dialysis modality should be recommended to patients. Recently, in many countries, including the United States, Brazil, Spain, Australia, and New Zealand, the survival rate in PD patients has significantly improved. PD patient survival in Korea has also improved, but Korean PD patients are known to have higher risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular events than HD patients. Herein, we further evaluate why Korean PD patients had worse outcomes; we suggest that special attention should be paid to patients with diabetes, coronary artery disease, or congestive heart failure when they choose PD as the first dialysis modality in order to reduce mortality risk.ope

Robust Identification of Alzheimer's Disease subtypes based on cortical atrophy patterns

Accumulating evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is heterogenous and can be classified into several subtypes. Here, we propose a robust subtyping method for AD based on cortical atrophy patterns and graph theory. We calculated similarities between subjects in their atrophy patterns throughout the whole brain, and clustered subjects with similar atrophy patterns using the Louvain method for modular organization extraction. We applied our method to AD patients recruited at Samsung Medical Center and externally validated our method by using the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset. Our method categorized very mild AD into three clinically distinct subtypes with high reproducibility (>90%); the parietal-predominant (P), medial temporal-predominant (MT), and diffuse (D) atrophy subtype. The P subtype showed the worst clinical presentation throughout the cognitive domains, while the MT and D subtypes exhibited relatively mild presentation. The MT subtype revealed more impaired language and executive function compared to the D subtype.ope