변화된 두부위치의 콘빔전산화단층영상에서 reorientation이 교정적 계측점 좌표에 미치는 영향

치과대학/석사본 연구의 목적은 두부위치의 변화가 교정적 진단을 위한 3차원 계측점의 좌표 값에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고 삼차원 영상분석프로그램(OnDemand 3D™)을 이용하여 보정을 시행했을 때에 좌표값의 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 한다. 건조 두개골을 이용하여 세 점에 gutta percha를 고정한 후 기준위치의 영상과 두부위치를 변화시킨 네 가지의 영상을 촬영하였다. 촬영된 다섯 개의 영상에서 기계적 원점이 자동적으로 설정된 후 20개의 교정적 계측점을 표지하고 각각의 좌표점을 계산했다. 기준위치와 변화된 두부위치 영상의 좌표점을 통계학적으로 비교하였고 영상분석프로그램(OnDemand 3D™)을 이용하여 reorientation을 시행한 후의 좌표점을 기준위치와 비교하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) reorientation 전: 기준 두부위치와 변화된 두부위치 영상의 좌표점 및 거리 사이에는 통계학적으로 유의성 있는 차이가 있었다. 2) reorientation 후: 기준 두부위치와 변화된 두부위치 영상의 reorientation 시행 후의 좌표점 및 거리 사이에는 통계학적으로 유의성 있는 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 reorientation을 시행하기 전 두부위치의 변화는 삼차원 영상 좌표에 영향을 주었다. 그러나 3개의 gutta percha를 기준점으로 하여 영상분석 프로그램 상에서 reorientation을 시행함으로써 기준 두부위치로 정확한 정합(superimposition)이 가능하였다.ope

Prognostic implications of forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and paired box 3 (PAX3) in epithelial ovarian cancer

BACKGROUND: Transcription factors forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and paired box 3 (PAX3) have been reported to play important roles in various cancers. However, their role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, we evaluated the expression and clinical significance of FOXO1 and PAX3 in EOC. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analyses of FOXO1 and PAX3 in 212 EOCs, 57 borderline ovarian tumors, 153 benign epithelial ovarian tumors, and 79 nonadjacent normal epithelial tissues were performed using tissue microarray. Various clinicopathological variables, including the survival of EOC patients, were compared. In addition, the effect of FOXO1 on cell growth was assessed in EOC cell lines. RESULTS: FOXO1 and PAX3 protein expression levels were significantly higher in EOC tissues than in nonadjacent normal epithelial tissues, benign tissues, and borderline tumors (all p < 0.001). In EOC tissues, FOXO1 expression was positively correlated with PAX3 expression (Spearman's rho = 0.118, p = 0.149). Multivariate survival analysis revealed that high FOXO1 expression (hazard ratio = 2.77 [95% CI, 1.48-5.18], p = 0.001) could be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Most importantly, high expression of both FOXO1 and PAX3 showed a high hazard ratio (4.60 [95% CI, 2.00-10.55], p < 0.001) for overall survival. Also in vitro results demonstrated that knockdown of FOXO1 was associated with decreased cell viability, migration, and colony formation. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that high expression of FOXO1/PAX3 is an indicator of poor prognosis in EOC. Our results suggest the promising potential of FOXO1 and PAX3 as prognostic and therapeutic markers. The possible link between biological functions of FOXO1 and PAX3 in EOC warrants further studies.ope

Reduced expression of FILIP1L, a novel WNT pathway inhibitor, is associated with poor survival, progression and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer

Filamin A interacting protein 1-like (FILIP1L) is an inhibitor of the canonical WNT pathway. WNT/β-catenin signaling and its downstream pathway, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), play a key role in ovarian cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. To study the clinical implications of FILIP1L in regulating the WNT/β-catenin pathway, the expression of FILIP1L, β-catenin, SNAIL and SLUG was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays of 369 ovarian samples ranging from normal to metastatic. In addition, the results were validated in mouse model and in vitro cell culture. In the present study, we demonstrated that FILIP1L expression was inversely correlated with poor prognosis, stage and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Notably, low FILIP1L expression was independent negative prognostic factor with respect to overall and disease-free survival. FILIP1L inhibited peritoneal metastases in orthotopic mouse model. FILIP1L knockdown induced chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells and this phenotype was rescued by simultaneous knockdown of FILIP1L and SLUG, an EMT activator. We also demonstrated that FILIP1L regulates β-catenin degradation. FILIP1L co-localizes with phospho-β-catenin and increases phospho-β-catenin at the centrosomes, destined for proteosomal degradation. Finally, we showed that FILIP1L regulates EMT. Overall, these findings suggest that FILIP1L promotes β-catenin degradation and suppresses EMT, thereby inhibiting metastases and chemoresistance. Our study provides the first clinical relevance of FILIP1L in human cancer, and suggests that FILIP1L may be a novel prognostic marker for chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. Further, the modulation of FILIP1L expression may have the potential to be a target for cancer therapy.ope

New approaches to functional process discovery in HPV 16-associated cervical cancer cells by gene ontology

Purpose: This study utilized both mRNA differential display and the Gene Ontology (GO) analysis to characterize the multiple interactions of a number of genes with gene expression profiles involved in the HPV-16- induced cervical carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: mRNA differential displays, with HPV-16 positive cervical cancer cell line (SiHa), and normal human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) as a control, were used. Each human gene has several biological functions in the Gene Ontology; therefore, several functions of each gene were chosen to establish a powerful cervical carcinogenesis pathway. The specific functions assigned to these genes were then correlated with the gene expression patterns. Results: The results showed that 157 genes were up- or down-regulated at least 2-fold and organized into reciprocally dependent sub-function sets, depending on their cervical cancer pathway, suggesting the potentially significant genes of unknown function affected by the HPV-16-derived pathway. The GO analysis suggested that the cervical cancer cells underwent repression of the cancer-specific cell adhesive properties. Also, genes belonging to DNA metabolism, such as DNA repair and replication, were strongly down-regulated, whereas significant increases were shown in the protein degradation and synthesis. Conclusion: The GO analysis can overcome the complexity of the gene expression profile of the HPV-16- associated pathway, identify several cancer-specific cellular processes and genes of unknown function. It could also become a major competing platform for the genome- wide characterization of carcinogenesis.ope

Heterogeneity in the Effects of FDI on Firms’ Productivity in South Korea: A Quantile Regression Approach

This study analyzes how heterogeneous across firms’ productivity level the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the productivity of firms in a host country are. The study uses firm level data over 2000~2009 in South Korea and takes a quantile reⅠ. 서 론 　Ⅱ. 기존 연구 개관 　Ⅲ. 분석모형 및 데이터 　Ⅳ. 분석 결과 　Ⅳ. 연구 결과 종합 및 시사점 　참고문헌 　부

Folic acid and vitamin B12 intake in relation to risk of endometrial cancer: Case-control study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the etiology of endometrial cancer, we performed a case-control study comparing oral intakes of folic acid, vitamin B12 and serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 in 48 endometrial cancer patients and 563 controls. METHODS: From August 2005 to August 2006, 48 histologically diagnosed endometrial cancer patients and 563 controls were enrolled in the study. Informations about dietary intake of folic acid, vitamin B12 were obtained by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) and serum levels of folate and vitamin B12 were measured. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were assessed with logistic regression and adjusted for energy, age, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, BMI, menopause, oral contraceptive use. RESULTS: Endometrial cancer risk was not significantly associated with intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12. After assessing tertile subgroup levels of folic acid intake, multivariate OR of 2nd tertile subgroup was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.36~1.6) and multivariate OR of 3rd tertile subgroup was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.45~1.9). And according to tertile subgroup levels of vitamin B12 intake, multivariate OR of 2nd tertile subgroup was 1.17 (95% CI: 0.57~2.39) and multivariate OR of 3rd tertile subgroup was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.43~2.05). However, serum folate and vitamin B12 levels were significantly associated with a reduction of endometrial cancer risk as a result of multivariate OR 0.42 (95% CI: 0.22~0.78) and 0.32 (95% CI: 0.15~0.68) by logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that dietary intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12 are not significantly related to the risk of endometrial cancer. But we could confirm reduction of endometrial cancer risk in higher serum folate and higher serum vitamin B12 subgroup.ope

A Political Economic Analysis of Environmental Policy, Redistributive Policy, and Economic Growth

We analyse an overlapping generation model in which economic agents, especially their income distribution, influence environmental policy and redistributive policy through political decision making process. In an economic equilibrium which doesn't consideⅠ. 서 론 　Ⅱ. 관련 문헌 　Ⅲ. 이론적 분석 　Ⅳ. 요약 및 시사점 　참 고 문 헌 　부

Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology International Workshop 2014

The Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology International Workshop 2014 on gynecologic oncology was held in Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea on the 23rd to 24th August 2014. A total of 179 participants from 17 countries participated in the workshop, and the up-to-date findings on the management of gynecologic cancers were presented and discussed. This meeting focused on the new trends in the management of cervical cancer, fertility-sparing management of gynecologic cancers, surgical management of gynecologic cancers, and recent advances in translational research on gynecologic cancers.ope

Gene expression profile changes in epithelial ovarian carcinomas using tumor-specific cDNA microarra

To identify new bio-markers as well as potential targets for new drugs for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we compared the gene expression profiles of cancer tissues from 25 EOCs with human ovarian surface epithelium (HOSE) using in-house cDNA microarray specified to EOC. Based on a comprehensive method and information from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP), the cDNA library was constructed. After excluding the overlapping clones, 768 spots were included in the array. We identified the genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (30 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated) that are differentially expressed in EOC tissues. To confirm the expression data, we performed real time RT-PCR experiments. Using microdissected EOC tissues and cell lines, we investigated the expression status of the NET-1 gene, clusterin gene, and actin-binding LIM protein 1. The information provided here will be useful for identifying genes whose products might serve as molecular signatures for the biomakers of EOCs.ope