93 research outputs found

    Validation of risk prediction models for the development of HBV-related HCC: a retrospective multi-center 10-year follow-up cohort study

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    Recently, modified REACH-B (mREACH-B) risk prediction model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development was proposed. We validated the accuracy of the mREACH-B model and compared its accuracy with those of other prediction models. Between 2006 and 2012, 1,241 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were recruited. All patients underwent transient elastography at enrollment. The median age of the study population (840 males, 401 females) was 49 years. The median PAGE-B, LSM-HCC, and mREACH-B values were 10, 10, and 8, respectively. Among patients without cirrhosis (n = 940, 75.7%), the median REACH-B value was 9. During the follow-up period (median 77.4 months), 66 (5.3%) and 83 (6.7%) patients developed HCC and liver-related events (LRE), respectively. Higher liver stiffness (LS) independently predicted HCC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.047) and LRE development (HR = 1.047) (all P < 0.05). The mREACH-B significantly predicted HCC (AUC = 0.824 at 3-year and 0.750 at 5-year) and LRE development (AUC = 0.782 at 3-year and 0.739 at 5-year) (all P < 0.001) and it performed similarly or significantly better than the PAGE-B and LSM-HCC (AUC = 0.715-0.809 at 3-year and 0.719-0.742 at 5-year for HCC; AUC = 0.704-0.777 at 3-year and 0.721-0.735 at 5-year for LRE). Among patients without cirrhosis, mREACH-B predicted HCC (AUC = 0.803 vs. 0.654-0.816 at 3-year and 0.684 vs. 0.639-0.738 at 5-year) and LRE development (AUC = 0.734 vs. 0.619-0.789 at 3-year and 0.674 vs. 0.626-0.729 at 5-year) similarly to PAGE-B, REACH-B, and LSM-HCC. mREACH-B appropriately predicted HCC and LRE development in patients with CHB and showed similar or superior accuracy to those of PAGE-B, REACH-B, and LSM-HCC.ope

    μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌ κΈ°μ—…λ“€μ˜ ν™˜κ²½λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ λŒ€μ‘μžμ„Έ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ ν™˜κ²½λŒ€ν•™μ› :ν™˜κ²½κ³„νšν•™κ³Ό ν™˜κ²½κ΄€λ¦¬μ „κ³΅,1996.Maste

    A Study on the Potential Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Suburban Migration and Commute Time Limit : Focused on Metropolitan Areas

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : ν™˜κ²½λŒ€ν•™μ› ν™˜κ²½κ³„νšν•™κ³Ό, 2018. 2. μ΄μ˜μ„±.μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž…μ€ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ 닀루어져 μ™”λ˜ μ΄λ™μ„±μ˜ κ°œλ…μ„ μ™„μ „νžˆ μž¬νŽΈμ„±ν•  와해성 기술(disruptive technology)의 λ„μž…μœΌλ‘œ 여겨진닀. μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ 레벨 4(μ™„μ „ μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰) μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ κ΅¬ν˜„λœλ‹€λ©΄ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ°¨λŸ‰ μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μš΄μ „μ„ ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  νœ΄μ‹μ„ μ·¨ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ—¬κ°€λ‚˜ 업무 λ“± λ‹€λ₯Έ ν™œλ™μ„ ν•  수 있게 되며 μ΄λŠ” κΈ°μ‘΄ 톡근톡행에 수반되던 μ‹œκ°„κ°€μΉ˜ λΉ„μš©μ„ 획기적으둜 κ°μ†Œμ‹œμΌœ 톡근톡행 νŠΉμ„±μ„ λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ 것이닀. μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž…μ— λ”°λ₯Έ ν†΅ν–‰λΉ„μš©μ˜ κ°μ†Œμ™€ ν†΅ν–‰νŽΈμ΅μœΌλ‘œμ˜ μ „ν™˜μ€ ν†΅κ·Όμžλ“€μ΄ 주거지 선택에 μžˆμ–΄ λ”μš± μ €λ ΄ν•œ 뢀동산 가격과 더 넓은 주택, 더 쒋은 μžμ—°ν™˜κ²½ λ“± μ—¬λŸ¬ ν˜œνƒλ“€μ„ λˆ„λ¦¬κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ꡐ외지λ₯Ό μ„ ν˜Έν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ 것이라 μ‚¬λ£Œλœλ‹€. ꡐ외화 ν˜„μƒμ€ 직주뢄리 ν˜„μƒκ³Ό 도심 곡동화 λ“± λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ„μ‹œλ¬Έμ œμ™€ μ—°κ²°λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ–΄ κ΅μ™Έν™”μ˜ 속도와 μˆ˜μ€€, 그리고 μš”μΈ 등을 λΆ„μ„ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λ„μ‹œλ¬Έμ œλ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ³  지속가λŠ₯ν•œ λ„μ‹œκ³΅κ°„ 개발 정책을 λ„μΆœν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ 과정이라고 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 가섀은 μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž…μ— 따라 ν†΅ν–‰λΉ„μš©μ΄ κ°μ†Œν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ–΄, ν†΅ν–‰λΉ„μš© κ°μ†Œλ‘œ 인해 μ„œμšΈμ‹œ κ±°μ£Όμžλ“€ κ°€μš΄λ° κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주성ν–₯이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것이닀. 이λ₯Ό 규λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ„œμšΈμ‹œ 거주자 383λͺ…을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μ§„ν–‰ν•œ 섀문쑰사λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž…μ— 따라 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  μˆ˜λ„κΆŒμ˜ μ£Όκ±°μ΄λ™νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό ν†΅ν–‰μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 변화에 λŒ€ν•΄ νŒŒμ•…ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 첫째, μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨ μ΄μš©μ„ ν¬λ§ν•˜λŠ” μ‘λ‹΅μžλ“€μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ„ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ³ , λ‘˜μ§Έ, μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž… ν›„ κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œ μ΄μ£Όν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μ£Όν¬λ§μžλ“€μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ„ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λ©°, μ…‹μ§Έ, μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ 이용 μ‹œ 잠재적인 ν†΅ν–‰μ‹œκ°„μ˜ λ³€ν™” 및 μ΅œλŒ€λ‘œ μˆ˜μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν†΅κ·Όμ‹œκ°„μ— 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” λ³€μˆ˜λ“€μ„ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ λ³€ν™”μ˜ 강도λ₯Ό μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•΄λ³Έλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž…μ— 따라 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  변화듀에 λŒ€λΉ„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 참고자료둜 μ œμ‹œν•˜λ―€λ‘œ ν–₯ν›„ μŠ€λ§ˆνŠΈμ‹œν‹° ꡬ좕에 μžˆμ–΄ 경제적, μ‚¬νšŒμ , ν™˜κ²½μ μœΌλ‘œ λ”μš± μ ν•©ν•œ λ°œμ „λ°©ν–₯을 도λͺ¨ν•˜λŠ”데 κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€.The introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs) can be considered as the introduction of a disruptive technology which would completely change the paradigm of transportation. In particular, level 4 self-driving (fully autonomous driving) will allow passengers to freely relax without driving, do work or enjoy leisure during transportation times. This means that AVs will lead to the decrease in transportation costs and create benefits during transportation. Commuters who prefer cheaper and more spacious housing and better natural environment are expected to show a tendency preferring suburban areas in relation to their residential choice with this decrease in transportation cost. Suburbanization is linked to many urban problems such as job-housing mismatch and inner city decline. Therefore, the factors related to suburbanization need to be predicted in order to derive sustainable urban development policies The hypothesis of this study is that the introduction of AVs will lead to the decrease in transportation costs and this will trigger a tendency of suburban migration among citizens of Seoul. In order to verify this, this study surveys 383 respondents who live in Seoul, Korea. First, the characteristics of respondents who are willing to utilize AVs are investigated. Second, the characteristics of respondents who are willing to move to suburban areas with the introduction of AVs are also investigated. Third, the potential change in transportation time and preferred commute time limit with AVs is predicted. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that measures for urban planning should be designed to prepare for the changes that will result from the future introduction of AVs to the city.β… . μ„œλ‘  1 β…‘. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½κ³Ό μ„ ν–‰ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ³ μ°° 4 1. κ°œλ…μ˜ μ •μ˜ 및 ν˜„ν™© 4 1) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ κ°œλ… 및 λ„μž… ν˜„ν™© 4 (1) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ κ°œλ… 및 레벨 4 (2) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ 기술개발 μˆ˜μ€€ 및 λ„μž… ν˜„ν™© 5 2) μ„œμšΈμ‹œ 주거지 μ΄λ™μ˜ μ‹œκΈ°λ³„ λ³€ν™” 7 2. 이둠 κ³ μ°° 8 1) μ£Όκ±°μž…μ§€μ΄λ‘  8 2) ν†΅ν–‰μ‹œκ°„ κ°€μΉ˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ 이둠 10 3. μ„ ν–‰ 연ꡬ κ³ μ°° 11 1) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ— κ΄€ν•œ 선행연ꡬ 11 (1) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨ μ΄μš©μ„ ν†΅ν•œ ν†΅ν–‰λΉ„μš©μ˜ λ³€ν™” 11 (2) κ·Έ μ™Έ 편읡 및 우렀 14 2) κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주에 κ΄€ν•œ 선행연ꡬ 15 (1) κ΅ν†΅μˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ λ°œμ „κ³Ό 주거지 이동 15 (2) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ λ„μž…μ— λ”°λ₯Έ κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주 μ—¬λΆ€ 17 β…’. 연ꡬ섀계 및 연ꡬ방법 21 1. λ°©λ²•λ‘ μ˜ μ„ μ • 21 2. λͺ¨μ§‘단 및 ν‘œλ³Έμ˜ μ„€μ • 22 3. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 뢄석방법 23 4. λ³Έ μ„€λ¬Έλ‚΄μš© 및 λ³€μˆ˜ μ„€μ • 25 β…£. 연ꡬ결과 뢄석 31 1. λ³Έ μ„€λ¬Έμ‘°μ‚¬μ˜ 인ꡬ톡계적 νŠΉμ„± 31 1) 인ꡬ톡계적 νŠΉμ„± 34 2) λ³€μˆ˜λ“€μ˜ κΈ°μˆ ν†΅κ³„μΉ˜ 30 2. μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨ 이용 μ—¬λΆ€ κ΄€λ ¨ νŠΉμ„± 36 1) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ 이용 μ—¬λΆ€ 36 2) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ 이용 이유 38 3) μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μžλ™μ°¨μ˜ 이용자의 μ„±ν–₯ 41 3. κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주 μ—¬λΆ€ κ΄€λ ¨ νŠΉμ„± 45 1) κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주 μ—¬λΆ€ 45 2) κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주 이유 46 3) κ΅μ™Έμ§€λ‘œμ˜ 이주자의 μ„±ν–₯ 47 4. μ΅œλŒ€ μˆ˜μš©κ°€λŠ₯ ν†΅κ·Όμ‹œκ°„ 및 이주 희망 지역 뢄석 51 1) ν†΅ν–‰μ‹œκ°„μ˜ λ³€ν™” 51 2) μ΅œλŒ€ μˆ˜μš©κ°€λŠ₯ ν†΅κ·Όμ‹œκ°„μ— λ”°λ₯Έ νŠΉμ„± 52 3) μ„€λ¬Έμ‘λ‹΅μžλ“€μ˜ 이주 희망 지역 54 β…€. μ’…ν•© 및 μ‹œμ‚¬μ  55 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 58 뢀둝 63Maste

    λŒ€λ¦Ό : 건섀뢀문 ꡬ쑰쑰정

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    Thesis(master`s)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ κ²½μ˜μ „λ¬ΈλŒ€ν•™μ› :κ²½μ˜ν•™κ³Ό Global MBA전곡,2007.8Maste

    Artemisia와 Green Tea μΆ”μΆœ λ³΅ν•©λ¬Όμ˜ Heat-shock Protein 27 λ°œν˜„ 증가λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ μ•Œμ½”μ˜¬μ„± μœ„μ—Ό μ–΅μ œ 효과

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    Background/Aims: Several lines of evidence from epidemiologic and laboratory studies have shown that the consumption of Artemisia or green tea extracts (MPGT) is inversely associated with the risk of alcohol-induced damage and other chronic diseases. Supported by previous studies showing that the combined extract of Artemisia and green tea, MPGT, exerted significantly either antioxidative or anti-inflammatory actions against Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric diseases, it was hypothesized that MPGT can offer protection against alcoholic gastritis.Methods: Ethanol was administered to induce gastric damage in Wistar rats, which had been pretreated with various doses of MPGT, to measure the rescuing action of a MPGT pretreatment against ethanol-induced gastric damage. In addition, the molecular mechanisms for the preventive effects were examined.Results: The MPGT pretreatment (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg) alleviated the ethanol-induced gastric damage, which was evidenced by the significant decrease in calcium-dependent phospholipase A2, MAPKs, and NF-B levels compared to ethanol alone. Furthermore, the MPGT pretreatment preserved 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase, whereas cyclooxygenase-2 was decreased significantly. All of these biochemical changes led to the significant alleviation of alcohol-associated gastric mucosal damage. Ethanol significantly increased the TUNEL positivity in the stomach, but MPGT decreased the apoptotic index significantly, which was associated with significantly lower pathological scores of ethanol-induced mucosal ulcerations. The significant protective changes observed alcoholic gastritis with MPGT were related to the increased expression of cytoprotective genes, such as heat-shock protein (HSP)27, HSP60, and PDGF.Conclusions: The efficient anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and regenerative actions of MPGT make it a potential nutrient phytoceutical to rescue the stomach from alcoholic gastritis.Financial support: This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministryof Education (2014R1A1A2058732 to JM Park), by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (IPET)through High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (116015-03-1-CG000), andalso by Japanese Society for Promotion of Science

    맀달린 λΆ€ν•˜μ˜ 흔듀림 μ–΅μ œλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ λΉ„μ Ό μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ œμ–΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ

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    Thesis (doctoral)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :전기·컴퓨터곡학뢀,2002.Docto

    A study on the management system and working range of optician in Korea

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    λ³΄κ±΄μ˜λ£Œλ²•μœ€λ¦¬ν•™κ³Ό/석사[ν•œκΈ€] μ „ ꡭ민의 μ•½ 40% 이상이 μ•ˆκ²½μ΄λ‚˜ μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆλ‘œ μ‹œλ ₯을 κ΅μ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” ν˜„μ‹€μ—μ„œ ꡭ민의 μ‹œλ ₯보건을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ˜ μ—…λ¬΄μ˜μ—­μ΄ ν™•λŒ€λ˜κ³  ν•™μ œκ°€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•΄μ‘ŒμŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬ κ΄€λ ¨ 법λ₯ μ€ μ œμžλ¦¬κ±ΈμŒμ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄ 체계적인 검증을 ν•  ν•„μš”μ„±μ΄ μžˆλ‹€. μ™Έκ΅­μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” β€˜μ•ˆκ²½μ‘°μ œμ‚¬β€™μ™€ β€˜κ²€μ•ˆμ‚¬β€™κ°€ μ—„κ²©ν•˜κ²Œ κ΅¬λΆ„λ˜λ©° κ΄€λ ¨ κ΅μœ‘λ‚΄μš©, μ—…λ¬΄μ˜μ—­, μ‹œν—˜κ³Όλͺ© λ“±μ—μ„œ λͺ…ν™•ν•œ ꡬ뢄을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμœΌλ‚˜ ν•œκ΅­μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬ μ œλ„κ°€ λ„μž…λ  λ‹Ήμ‹œ β€˜μ•ˆκ²½μ‘°μ œμ‚¬β€™μ™€ β€˜κ²€μ•ˆμ‚¬β€™λ₯Ό μœ΅ν•©ν•œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μœ ν˜•μ˜ λ‹¨μˆœν™”λœ μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬ μ œλ„λ₯Ό μž…λ²•ν™”ν•œ κ΄€κ³„λ‘œ λ§Žμ€ ν˜Όλž€μ΄ μžˆλ‹€. 법적인 μ œλ„μ˜ λ’·λ°›μΉ¨ 없이 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μ™Έκ΅­ μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ œλ„μ™€μ˜ 비ꡐλ₯Ό 톡해 κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •μ˜ 변화와 κ΅­κ°€μ‹œν—˜μ˜ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ™”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ–‘μ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •κ³Ό μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ„ λ°œν•˜λŠ” κ΅­κ°€μ‹œν—˜μ—μ„œ γ€Œμ˜λ£ŒκΈ°μ‚¬ 등에 κ΄€ν•œ 법λ₯  μ‹œν–‰λ Ήγ€μ—μ„œ μ •ν•œ μ—…λ¬΄λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό λ²—μ–΄λ‚œ ꡐ과λͺ©μ΄ λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚œ 것이 ν˜„μ‹€μ΄λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ν˜„μ‹€μ˜ 문제점이 λΆ€κ°λ˜λŠ” 곳은 γ€Œμ˜λ£ŒκΈ°μ‚¬ 등에 κ΄€ν•œ 법λ₯  μ‹œν–‰λ Ή 제2μ‘° 1ν•­ 8ν˜Έγ€κ°€ μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ˜ μ—…λ¬΄λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ μ œμ™Έμ‹œν‚¨ β€˜μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆμ˜ μ‘°μ œβ€™μ™€β€˜μžλ™κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•„λ‹ˆν•˜λŠ” 타각적 κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬β€™λΆ€λΆ„μ΄λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” γ€Œμ˜λ£ŒκΈ°μ‚¬ 등에 κ΄€ν•œ 법λ₯  제1μ‘°γ€μ˜ μ‹œλ ₯λ³΄μ •μš© μ•ˆκ²½μ˜ 쑰제 및 판맀λ₯Ό 주된 μ—…λ¬΄λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 자λ₯Ό μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬λΌκ³  ν•˜λŠ” μ •μ˜μ— μΆ©μ‹€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ˜ μ—…λ¬΄λ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆλ₯Ό μ‘°μ œμ™€ 판맀둜 κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ—¬β€˜μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆμ˜ μ‘°μ œβ€™λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έμ‹œμΌ°μœΌλ‚˜, μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆλ₯Ό μ•ˆκ²½κ³Ό 같이 μ‘°μ œμ™€ 판맀둜 κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ ν•©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€. μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆλŠ” μš©λ„μ— 따라 μΉ˜λ£Œμš©μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆ, μ‹œλ ₯λ³΄μ •μš©μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆ, λ―Έμš©μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆλ‘œ κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ—¬ β€˜μΉ˜λ£Œμš©μ½˜νƒνŠΈλ Œμ¦ˆβ€™μ— κ΄€ν•œ 업무λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έμ‹œν‚€λŠ” 것이 μ‹œλ ₯λ³΄μ •μ΄λΌλŠ” μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ˜ 업무에 λŒ€ν•œ νƒ€λ‹Ήν•œ μ œν•œμ΄λ‹€. β€˜μžλ™κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•„λ‹ˆν•˜λŠ” 타각적 κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬β€™λŠ” λ§λ§‰κ²€μ˜κΈ°, μ§μƒκ²€μ•ˆκ²½, 각막곑λ₯ κ³„, μ„Έκ·Ήλ“±ν˜„λ―Έκ²½ 등을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²€μ‚¬λ‘œμ„œ μ‹œλ ₯λ³΄μ •μ˜ μΈ‘λ©΄λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” 치료의 츑면에 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ 검사이닀. λ˜ν•œ μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ˜ 주된 업무인 μ‹œλ ₯보정에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œλŠ” μžλ™κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 타각적 κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬μ™€ 자각적 κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬λ‘œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ β€˜μžλ™κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬κΈ°κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•„λ‹ˆν•˜λŠ” 타각적 κ΅΄μ ˆκ²€μ‚¬β€™λΆ€λΆ„μ€ κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •κ³Ό κ΅­κ°€μ‹œν—˜μ˜ μΆœμ œλ²”μœ„μ—μ„œ λ°°μ œν•˜λŠ” 것이 νƒ€λ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό 톡해 μ•ˆκ²½μ‚¬μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨λœ γ€Œμ˜λ£ŒκΈ°μ‚¬ 등에 κ΄€ν•œ 법λ₯ γ€κ³Ό κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •, κ΅­κ°€μ‹œν—˜μ œλ„λ₯Ό λ”°λ‘œ λ„λŠ” μ‹œκ³„λ°”λŠ˜μ²˜λŸΌ λ†”λ‘˜ 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 같이 λ„λŠ” μˆ˜λ ˆλ°”ν€΄κ°€ λ˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ—¬μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. [영문]restrictio

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