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    (A) study of supervisor nurse officer's leadership style with general nurse officer's burnout level and their job statisfaction

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ต์œก์ „๊ณต/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„ ๋ฐ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„์™€ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ตฐ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œ๋˜ ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์ „๊ตญ ํ›„์†ก๋‹จ์œ„๊ธ‰ ์ด์ƒ ๊ตฐ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต๋ฅผ ์œ ํ•œ๋ชจ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜ ์—ฌ ์„ ์ •๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ ์˜ํ‘œ์ง‘ํ•œ ์ „์ˆ˜ 350๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Fleishman(1957)์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ์œ ํ˜• ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ(S.B.D), ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Pines๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ”ฝ์€ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์—ญยท๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์†Œ์ง„์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” Slavitt (1978)๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ”ฝ์€ํฌ(1983)๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ ์กฑ๋„ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ 1986๋…„ 9์›” 29์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 10์›” 12์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด 14์ผ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ „์‚ฐํ†ต๊ณ„์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” AN OVA์™€ Pearson Correlation Coefficient๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•๊ตฌ๋ถ„, ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„ ๋ฐ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ถ„์„์€ ์ด ํ‰๊ท ๊ณผ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ์œ ํ˜•, ์†Œ์ง„์ธก์ • ๋ฐ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ณ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜, ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ณ„ ํ‰๊ท ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ์ œ1๊ฐ€์„ค : "๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(F=3.241, P<.05). ์ฆ‰ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ์—…๋ฌด์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜•(โ… ํ˜•), ์—…๋ฌด์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜•(โ…กํ˜•), ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜•(โ…ขํ˜•), ๋ฐฉ์ž„ํ˜•(โ…ฃํ˜•)์˜ ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 2. ์ œ2๊ฐ€์„ค : "๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—๋Š” ์ฐจ ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(F=9.238, P=.001). ์ฆ‰ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ์—…๋ฌด์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜• (โ… ํ˜•), ์—…๋ฌด์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜•(โ…กํ˜•), ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜•(โ…ขํ˜•), ๋ฐฉ์ž„ํ˜•(โ…ฃํ˜•)์˜ ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3. ์ œ3๊ฐ€์„ค : "์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„์™€ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์—ญ์ƒ๊ด€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(r=-.5677, P=.001). ์ฆ‰ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’ ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4. ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ƒํƒœ(F=3.537, P<. 05), ๊ตฐ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(F=9.268, P=.001)๊ณผ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต๋ฅผ ํƒํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ(F=6.660, P=.001) ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„์™€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 5. ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ น(F=9.162, P=.001), ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ƒํƒœ(F=9.27 3, P=.001), ๊ทผ๋ฌด์—ฐํ•œ(F=6.538, P=.01), ๊ตฐ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(F=4.255, P<.01) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต๋ฅผ ํƒํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ(F=3.783, P<.01)๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต์˜ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—๋„ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์†Œ์ง„๊ฒฝํ—˜์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ๋…๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์žฅ๊ต๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ์—…๋ฌด์ค‘์‹ฌํ˜•์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๋„๋ก ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐฉ์ž„ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ฃผ ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์ •์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ˆ˜๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฆฌ๋”๋“ค์ด ๋น„ํšจ์œจ ์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ธ์ง€, ๋ฐ˜์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ์ •ํ•  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] This study was designed to identify difference in burnout level of general nurse .officers and their job satisfaction according to leadership style of supervisor nurse officers perceived by the general nurse officers. It also attempted to investigate the relationship between burnout level and job satisfaction. The findings of this study can be incoorporated into planning continuing educational program. The participants were consisted of 350 general nurse officers who were working at Army Evacuation Hospitals and Armed Forces General Hospitals. All participants were purposively selected from their hospitals. Instruments used for this study were 1) Supervisory Behavior Description Scale developed by Fleishman(1957). 2) Burnout Scale by Pines, et al. and 3) Work Satisfaction Scale by Slavitt, et al.(1978). Data for this study were collected over a period of 14days from 29th of September to 18th of October, 1986. Data were analyzed by using S.P.S.S. program. Frequencies, percentages were calculated to identify the general characteristics of the participants. ANOVA & Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used to test the hypotheses. Also, ANOVA was used to investigate the effects of general characteristics of the general nurse officers upon their burnout level & job satisfaction. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Hypothesis โ… : "There will be a difference in burnout level of general nurse officers according to leadership style of supervisor nurse officers." was supported(F=3.241, P<.05). That is, The burnout was the lowest level in human relations & task oriented leadership style and the highest level in laissez-faire leadership style. 2. Hypothesis โ…ก: "There will be a difference in job satisfaction of general nurse officers according to leadership style of supervisor nurse officers." was supported(F=9.238, P=.001). That is, The job satisfaction was the lowest level in human relations & task oriented leadership style and the highest level in laissez-faire leadership style. 3. Hypothesis โ…ข: "There will be a negative correlation between burnout level and job satisfaction of general nurse officers." was supported(r=-.5677, P=.001).That is, The Lower the burnout level perceived by general nurse officers was, the higher the job satisfaction perceived by general nurse officers was. 4. An analysis of the relationship of burnout level to general characteristics showed statistically significant difference in burnout levels for: marital status(F=3.537, P<.05), expected as a nurse officer(F=9.268, P=.001) and reason for choosing the nurse officer(F=6.660, P=.001). 5. And statistically significant relationship between general characteristics of the participants and their job satisfaction were as follows: age(F=9.162, P=.001), marital status(F=9.273, P=.001), lengths of nursing experience(F=6.538, P=.01), expected working period as a nurse officer (F=4.255, P<.01), and reason for selecting nurse officer(F=3.783, P<.01). In conclusions it was found that there was a statistically significant differences in burnout level of general nurse officers and their job satisfaction according to leadership style of supervisor nurse officers. And it was identified that burnout level was negatively related to job satisfaction.restrictio
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