46 research outputs found

    3์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํšŒ์ „ ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ์ง€์—ญ-์ „์—ญ ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•™์Šต

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ „๊ธฐยท์ •๋ณด๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2020. 8. ํ•œ๋ณดํ˜•.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ- ์ „์—ญ ํ‘œํ˜„ ํ•™์Šต ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์ ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐํ•˜ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ํšŒ์ „ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฆ์ง„ ์—†์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ํšŒ์ „ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์— ๊ฐ•์ธ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋œ 3์ฐจ์› ๋ฌผ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒํ–ฅ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ˜ธํ™” ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๊ณฑ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๋ง์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์ฒด ์ธ์‹์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋Š” 3์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์ ๋“ค์„ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๋ง ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™•๋ฅ ์  ํ•™์Šต๋ฒ•์€ ๊ณผ ์ ํ•ฉ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๊ฐ’์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•๊ฑดํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์–ป์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€, 3์ฐจ์› ๋ฌผ์ฒด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ฒค์น˜๋งˆํฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ธ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋„ท40์„ ์ž„์˜์˜ ํšŒ์ „๋ณ€ํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚จ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์…‹์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ณธ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.We propose a local-to-global representation learning algorithm for 3D point cloud data, which is appropriate to handle various geometric transformations, especially rotation, without explicit data augmentation with respect to the transformations. Our model takes advantage of multi-level abstraction based on graph convolutional neural networks, which constructs a descriptor hierarchy to encode rotation- invariant shape information of an input object in a bottom- up manner. The descriptors in each level are obtained from neural networks based on graphs via stochastic sampling of 3D points, which is effective to make the learned representations robust to the variation of the input data. The proposed algorithm presents the state-of-the-art performance on the rotation-augmented 3D object recognition benchmarks and we further analyze its characteristics through comprehensive ablative experiments.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋‚ด์šฉ 1 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 5 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋”ฅ ๋Ÿฌ๋‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์  ์ธ์‹ 3 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํšŒ์ „ ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์  ์ธ์‹ 7 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„ ์  ์ž‘์—…๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ 8 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ํšŒ์ „ ๋ถˆ๋ณ€ ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ์  ํ•™์Šต 11 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž ์ถ”์ถœ 11 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž ํ™•์žฅ 14 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ถ”์ถœ 16 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์‹คํ—˜ 19 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๊ตฌํ˜„ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด 19 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 20 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„์„ 21 ์ œ 4 ์ ˆ Ablation ์‹คํ—˜ 24 ์ œ 5 ์ ˆ ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ์™€ ์•„์›ƒ๋ผ์ด์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๊ฑด์„ฑ 27 ์ œ 6 ์ ˆ ์ •์„ฑ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 28 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  30 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 31 Abstract 34Maste

    An Empirical Study on the Quality and Perceived Value in Shipping and Logistics Company's E-Platform

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    4์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์€ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์—๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. COVID-19์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ๋„ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋น„๋Œ€๋ฉด ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ํ’ˆ์งˆ, ๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ์ง€๊ฐ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋งŒ์กฑ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์š”์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฐ์—…์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์š”์ธ ์ค‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ํ’ˆ์งˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ „๋žต ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.The wave of the Fourth Industrial Revolution(4IR) is affecting the entire industry, and the shipping and logistics industry is beginning to change. The spread of COVID-19 is accelerating the pace of change and in the shipping and logistics industry, the filed of untact service using platform is also growing rapidly. This study aims to verify the structural relation of platform quality, customer's perceived value and customer satisfaction regarding E-Platform services of shipping logistics companies. First of all, In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we investigated the concept and case of shipping and logistics company's E-Platform service. Then, findings on platform quality factors in previous literature were reviewed and applied to the shipping and logistics industry. As a result of sample survey conducted through empirical research, the system quality among the E-Platform quality factors appeared to be the most important dimension of E-Platform quality. Based on the results of this study, I derived the ways to E-Platform development for the sustainable growth of shipping and logistics companies and served as a basis for establishing management strategies through platform quality management.์ œ1์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์  1 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 5 ์ œ2์žฅ ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 7 ์ œ1์ ˆ ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—… ๋ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 7 ์ œ2์ ˆ ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 10 ์ œ3์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 25 ์ œ1์ ˆ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ์˜์˜ 25 1. ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 25 2. ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ์ •์˜ ๋ฐ ํŠน์ง• 26 3. ํ•ด์šด๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ์—…์˜ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 29 ์ œ2์ ˆ E-ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ 31 1. ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ’ˆ์งˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 31 2. ์ •๋ณดํ’ˆ์งˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 34 3. ์„œ๋น„์Šคํ’ˆ์งˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 37 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์ง€๊ฐ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜ 42 1. ์ง€๊ฐ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 42 2. ์ง€๊ฐ๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 45 ์ œ4์ ˆ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘ 46 1. ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋งŒ์กฑ 46 2. ์‹ ๋ขฐ 48 3. ํ–‰๋™์˜๋„ 49 4. ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ง€ํ–ฅ์„ฑ 51 ์ œ4์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์„ค์˜ ์„ค์ • 53 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„ 53 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์„ค์˜ ์„ค์ • 54 ์ œ3์ ˆ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜์™€ ์ธก์ • 57 ์ œ5์žฅ ์‹ค์ฆ๋ถ„์„ 60 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์„ค๊ณ„ 60 1. ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 60 2. ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 61 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์ธก์ •ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ 64 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์„ค์˜ ๊ฒ€์ • 68 1. ๊ฐ€์„ค์˜ ๊ฒ€์ • 68 2. ๊ฐ€์„ค๊ฒ€์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ํ•ด์„ 71 ์ œ6์žฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  73 ์ œ1์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์š”์•ฝ 73 ์ œ2์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  77 ์ œ3์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ๊ณผ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ 80 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ 82 82 87 92 [๋ถ€ ๋ก] ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ 93Maste

    Morphologic Variation of Posterior Part of the Circle of Willis Basedon Studies Using Magnetic Resonance Angiography

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    Background: The arterial circle of Willis at the base of the brain serves as a potential collateral pathway, whichenables to maintain adequate cerebral perfusion in case of diminished afferent blood supply through the internalcarotid artery (ICA) or the basilar artery. While its function depends on the continuity of its circular configuration,it is known to vary. The anatomic variants of circle of Willis have been studied based on conventional angiograph-ic or autopsy studies. With the advent of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), the anatomic variation of theposterior part of circle of Willis can be easily demonstrated in a physiologic state. Methods: Among the subjectswho underwent both brain magnetic resonance imaging and MRA in the Yonsei Medical Center from 2000 to2003, those without a brain parenchymal lesion and without abnormalities of intracranial and neck vessels wereincluded in the present study. The anatomic variants of the posterior part of the circle were determined by the pres-ence of the posterior communicating artery (PcomA) or the precommunicating segment of the posterior cerebralartery (PCA). The variants were categorized into six groups: type A, bilateral PcomA; type B, unilateral PcomAand fetal type PCA; type C, unilateral PcomA; type D, unilateral fetal type PCA; type E, bilateral fetal type PCA;and type F, no continuity between the ICA and PCA. Results: Of 1884 subjects, 324 who met the inclusion crite-ria, were finally included for analyses. They were 152 males and 172 females, and the mean age was 54.2 years(range, 3/12~87 years). Type F was most common (171 subjects, 54.8 %), followed by type C (51, 15.6 %), typeD (40, 12.4 %), type A (22, 6.8 %), type B (22, 6.8 %), and type E (5.6 %). In summary, while about a half of thesubjects had no continuity between anterior and posterior circulations, the PCA was supplied only from the anteri-or circulation through the fetal-type PCA in a significant portion of subjects. Conclusion: We investigated normalreference values for morphologic variants of the posterior part of the circle of Willis based on MRA in Korean.These results would be helpful for consideration of the mechanism and pathogenesis in stroke patients.ope

    Intraexaminer Variability of Nerve Conduction Study in Healthy Person

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    Background: Nerve conduction study (NCS) is an objective and quantitative test in evaluating peripheral nerve disorders. Several physiological and technical factors are well known to influence the results of NCS, which can be controlled and regulated by standardization of environment and through the process to make range of normality. However, most electromyographers do not pay much attentions about inter- and intra-examiner variabilities, and there are only a few and incomplete reports on these topics. We examined the intra-examiner variability of NCS on the basis of periods of practice. Methods: Twenty-eight electromyographers were divided into two groups: residents and neurologist-technicians. All, having variable NCS training periods, have performed NCS on one of other 27 electromyographers ten times within two weeks where each study was made once a day. Results: Coefficient of variation and external quotient increased according to the following order ๏ผ nerve conduction velocities (NCV), terminal latencies (TL), and amplitudes of compound action potentials (AMP). There were significant differences between the two groups in NCV and TL, but no statistical difference in AMP. Conclusions: Our results suggest that errors from intra-examiner variability should be considered when interpreting NCS and that those electromyographers who have enough training should perform NCS.ope

    Sequential combination of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and intra-arterial urokinase in acute ischemic stroke

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    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Combined intravenous (IV) and intra-arterial (IA) thrombolytic therapy may be faster and easier to initiate than monotherapy, and its recanalization rate may be better as well. The sequential combination of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) and urokinase (UK) has synergistic and complementary effects on clot lysis. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness and safety of sequential combination of IV rTPA and IA UK in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: IV rTPA was administered to patients with acute stroke within 3 hours of onset. Those whose condition had not improved at the end of rTPA infusion were further treated with selective IA UK. We evaluated baseline and 30-day National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and 90-day modified Rankin Scale scores. RESULTS: Thirty patients were initially treated with IV rTPA; 24 were further treated with IA UK. Four patients who had rapid reocclusion following initial successful IA therapy received IV abciximab. Fourteen of 24 patients who underwent angiography had an effective perfusion state of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow. Median baseline and 30-day NIHSS scores were 18 and 2, respectively. Eighteen patients improved to a modified Rankin scale score of 0 or 1 after 90 days. Symptomatic hemorrhage developed in two patients. CONCLUSION: The strategy of using conventional-dose IV rTPA and the sequential combination of IA UK in patients without an early clinical response to IV treatment was safe and feasible. This strategy achieved high complete arterial recanalization rates and good functional outcomes. Copyright American Society of Neuroradiologyope

    By Using the VAR Model

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™๋ถ€, 2019. 2. ๊น€์†Œ์˜.The purpose of this paper is to forecast how the current and capital accounts would change through Korean currency appreciation and to investigate whether there will be the same economic recession like Japan in Korea. Based on the amount of trade surplus from South Korea to the U.S., the United States government has been accusing the South Korean government of depreciating its currency in order to encourage its exports. Also, as the U.S. government imposed a trade intervention on China and the Korean exchange reserve reached more than 400 billion dollars, there is a possibility that South Korea should appreciate its currency value. This paper uses the VAR model, which includes endogenous variables from Korea and exogenous variables from the United States. The main results are, after appreciation of KRW, the effects on current and capital accounts are insignificant, while responses of real GDP and real money supply significantly decrease due to the real consumption decreasing and money contraction, respectively. In addition, by replacing the real money supply with the price level, the response of exports is insignificant, while the response of imports, importing prices in terms of both KRW and U.S. dollar terms and exporting prices in terms of U.S. dollars, significantly increase. On the other hand, responses of the exporting price in terms of KRW significantly decrease so that the Korean economic system appears to be at an intermediate pricing system. Furthermore, as the exchange rate regime has been changed from fixed to floating rate since the 1997 currency crisis, responses of the real GDP and the price level since 1980 declined, whereas that of real money balance increasedthese are different from the results since 2000. Additionally, this paper covers the literature on not only how much the Korean exchange rate has been misaligned but also how much it has been undervalued. In the end (see Appendix) no variables responded except the won-dollar exchange rate, even if the U.S. import tariff shock happens.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์›ํ™”์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ณธ ์ˆ˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์ผ๋ณธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์นจ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์—ฌ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ๋Œ€๋ฏธ ๋ฌด์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ด์ต์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ณ€๋™ํ™˜์œจ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๊ตญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์„ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์› ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ™˜์œจ์„ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์™ธํ™˜์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์•„ํ””์ด ์žˆ์–ด ์™ธํ™˜์„ ์ถ•์ ํ•ด๋‘๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฐ ์•„์‹œ์•„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ง€ ์ ์ž๋กœ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์ฒดํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์›์ธ์„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฉฐ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ฐ ์•„์‹œ์•„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ๋‚˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์™ธํ™˜๋ณด์œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌํ•ด 7์›” ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ 4000์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ฆ์ง„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ™˜์œจ์„ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ํ•ด ์™”๋‹จ ์ ์—์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์ž๊ตญ ํ†ตํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆ์ƒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ชฐ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์› ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ™˜์œจ ์ƒ์Šน ์••๋ฐ•์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ธ ์›ํ™”์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์ƒ์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋น„์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‚ด์ƒ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์™ธ์ƒ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ VAR ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ํ–‰, IMF, FRED, OECD์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ž ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„์€ 1997๋…„ ์™ธํ™˜์œ„๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ๋ณ€๋™ํ™˜์œจ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ์™ธ๊ตญ ๋ถ€์ฑ„ ์ƒํ™˜์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ 2000๋…„ 1๋ถ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ณธ์ˆ˜์ง€์—๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์งˆํ†ตํ™”๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์งˆGDP๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์› ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ™˜์œจ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ™” ๊ธด์ถ•์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์งˆ ํ†ตํ™”๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด GDP ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ ์ค‘ ์‹ค์งˆ ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์งˆ GDP๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์งˆ ํ†ตํ™”๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์›ํ™”์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์˜ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์›ํ™”๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ž…, ์›ํ™”์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ž… ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ž…ํ’ˆ์ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์„ค์ • ๋ชจ๋ธ (Intermediate Pricing Model)์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ณธ์ˆ˜์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ณธ๊ณ„์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ 1980๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์€ 2000๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์ปธ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ƒ์ˆ˜์ง€ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ณธ์ˆ˜์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ ํ†ตํ™”๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์‹ค์งˆ GDP๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 1997๋…„ ์™ธํ™˜์œ„๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ํ™˜์œจ ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ก์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฏธ ๊ด€์„ธ์œจ ์ƒ์Šน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์„ธ์œจ ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์ด์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ด€์„ธ์œจ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์›ํ™”์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ ˆ์ƒ์ด ์‹œํ–‰๋  ๋•Œ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋‚˜, ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ด€์„ธ๋Š” ํ™˜์œจ์˜ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๋ฟ ์ด์™ธ์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฏธ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฌด์—ญ์— ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ด€์„ธ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ •๋„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.Chapter 1. Introduction 4 Chapter 2. Literature Review 8 (โ…ฐ) Has Korea Literally Floated its Currency? 8 (โ…ฑ) Is the KRW Undervalued and by How Much? 13 (โ…ฒ) Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on Trade Balance 19 Chapter 3. The Model and Empirical Evidence 23 Chapter 4. Empirical Results 27 Chapter 5. Robustness test 32 (โ…ฐ) Price Level 32 (โ…ฑ) Export and Import 35 (โ…ฒ) Since 1980 38 (โ…ณ) Contemporaneous Shock 42 Chapter 6. Conclusion 45 Chapter 7. Appendix 48 (โ…ฐ) Data Resources 48 (โ…ฑ) Does U.S. Import Tariff Give Significant Affects? 49 Bibliography 53 Abstract in Korean 56 Acknowlegements 59Maste

    ๋งŒ์„ฑ ๋‡Œํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘ ์ค‘์ฆ๋„์™€ ์‹ ์ƒ๋™๋งฅํ˜•์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    Dept. of Medicine/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋™๋งฅ๊ฒฝํ™”์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์€ ์‹ฌ์ธ์„ฑ ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ณ  ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ๊ฒฐ์†์ด ๋œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃฝ์ƒ๋™๋งฅ๊ฒฝํ™”์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ํ์ƒ‰๋œ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์˜ ๊ธฐ์‹œ๋ถ€์— ์‹ฌํ•œ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ์ด ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์„ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์€๋ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ์ด ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋งŒ์„ฑ ๋‡Œํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์ €ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์„ฑ ๋‡Œํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์ €ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์ƒ๋™๋งฅํ˜•์„ฑ(arteriogenesis)์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ—ˆํ˜ˆ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์†์ƒ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋™๋งฅ ํ์ƒ‰์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋™์ธก ๋‚ด๊ฒฝ๋™๋งฅ์— ์‹ฌํ•œ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์™€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์ƒ ์—†์ด ์‹ฌ์ธ์„ฑ ์ƒ‰์ „ ์›์ธ์ด ์žˆ๋˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ๊ฒฐ์†์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‹ฌํ•œ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๊ตฐ์ด ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ (P=0.03) ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ๊ฒฐ์†์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ฏธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (P<0.01). ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Sprague-Dawley ์ฅ์—์„œ ์–‘์ธก ์ด๊ฒฝ๋™๋งฅ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋งŒ์„ฑ ๋‡Œํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์ €ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒฝ๋™๋งฅ์„ 4์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐํ•œ ์ฅ์™€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก  ๋ด‰ํ•ฉ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ค‘๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋™๋งฅ ํ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์žฌ๊ด€๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride ์—ผ์ƒ‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์–‘์ธก ์ด๊ฒฝ๋™๋งฅ ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐ์„ ํ•œ ์ฅ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์•˜๋‹ค (P=0.04). ์‹ ์ƒ๋™๋งฅํ˜•์„ฑ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ผํ…์Šค ๊ด€๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌํ›„ ๋‡Œํ˜ˆ๊ด€์กฐ์˜์ˆ ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์–‘์ธก ์ด๊ฒฝ๋™๋งฅ ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐ์„ ํ•œ ์ฅ๊ตฐ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฅ๊ตฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์–‘์ธก ํ›„๋Œ€๋‡Œ๋™๋งฅ๊ณผ ์–‘์ธก ํ›„๊ตํ†ต๋™๋งฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ €๋™๋งฅ์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„์ด ๋” ์ปธ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์ €๋™๋งฅ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์—ˆ๋‹ค (P<0.01). ๋‡Œ ๊ด€์ƒ๋ฉด์˜ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๋ฐ€๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ ์–‘์ธก ์ด๊ฒฝ๋™๋งฅ ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐ์„ ํ•œ ์ฅ๊ตฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฅ๊ตฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ปธ๋‹ค (P<0.05). ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ๋งŒ์„ฑ ๋‡Œํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์ €ํ•˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์กฐ์ž‘๋œ ๋‡Œ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์†์ƒ์€ ์ ์€๋ฐ, ์‹ ์ƒ๋™๋งฅํ˜•์„ฑ์ด ์ด์— ๊ด€๊ณ„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]It has been reported that patients with atherothrombotic stroke have smaller infarctions and less severe neurological deficits than those with cardioembolic stroke. Patients with atherothrombotic stroke are more likely to have significant stenosis of the artery proximal to an occlusion, which might have caused chronic cerebral hypoperfusion prior to the stroke. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion may induce the adaptive growth of preexisting collateral arteries (arteriogenesis), and this may contribute to less severe stroke. To prove this hypothesis, in stroke patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, infarct sizes and severity of initial neurological deficits were compared between those with severe stenosis of the tandem internal carotid artery (ICA) proximal to the site of occlusion and those without the above mentioned stenosis. Infarct sizes were smaller (P=0.03) and neurological deficits were milder (P<0.01) in those with ICA stenosis. In the second part of experiments, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was induced in the Sprague-Dawley rat by bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCAL). MCA occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) using a nylon suture model was introduced 4 weeks after the BCAL (BCAL-MCAO) or the sham operation (Sham-MCAO). Infarct sizes measured after 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining were significantly smaller in the BCAL-MCAO group (P=0.04). The presence of arteriogenesis was examined by postmortem angiography using the latex-perfusion method. The rats with BCAL had larger diameters of the bilateral posterior cerebral arteries, the bilateral posterior communicating arteries, and the basilar artery (BA) and showed the more tortuous BA than those with sham operation (P<0.01). The vessel density of the middle and posterior portions assessed in the coronal sections of the brains was higher in the rats with BCAL (P<0.05). In conclusion, stroke was less severe when the vicinity subjected to infarction was preconditioned by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, and arteriogenesis might contribute to this response.ope

    ์• ๊ธฐ์žฅ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฐฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ณผ์ • ๋™์•ˆ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ํƒ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋Œ์—ฐ๋ณ€์ด์ฒด์˜ ๊ตฌ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ƒ๋ช…๊ณผํ•™๋ถ€, 2011.2. ์ตœ์—ฐํฌ.Maste

    ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ยทํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํƒ€๋‹นํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ : ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ์„  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ 6์ข… ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ โ€ค๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹จ์›์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ƒํ™œ ๋‹จ์›์„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด 12์ฐจ์‹œ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ 12์ฐจ์‹œ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ ์ค‘ 4์ฐจ์‹œ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต 1ํ•™๋…„ 247๋ช…์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ „, ์‚ฌํ›„ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด ์ค‘ ์„ฑ์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ 237๋ถ€๋ฅผ SPSS/WIN(version 18.0) ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ท , ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ, ๋Œ€์‘ํ‘œ๋ณธ t-๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ 6์ข… ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ โ€ค๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹จ์›์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ์–‘์  ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ง€์‹(Knowledge)์˜์—ญ์— ์••๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ(Function) ์˜์—ญ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ธ ๋ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์€ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜(Value) ์˜์—ญ์€ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ์ƒํ˜ธ์กด์ค‘๊ณผ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ง€ํ–ฅ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์ •๊ณผ ์กด์ค‘์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•จ์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€์˜ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๊ณผ์ •, ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•จ์–‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋“ฑ์€ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‹œ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ ์—†์ด ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์กด์ค‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๊ด€์ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•ด 6์ข… ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ โ€ค๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋‹จ์›์„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 12์ฐจ์‹œ์˜ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ, ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ, ์ˆ˜์—… ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ณธ์‹œ 4์ฐจ์‹œ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ์€ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ , ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, 4์ฐจ์‹œ์˜ ๋ณธ์‹œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ ํ›„, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋ฌธํ™” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ „ํ›„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ํƒˆ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ด๊ณ , ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์žฌํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํƒ€๋‹นํ™”์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ œ์–ธ์ ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง„ํ–‰์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜๋ฐ” ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์—์„œ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •-๊ต๊ณผ์„œ-๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต-ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€์˜ ๊ณต์กด์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€์‹ ์œ„์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์†Œํ†ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ, ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์˜์‹์„ ์ผ๊นจ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฐ์˜ฌ๋กœ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ์ง€์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌํ•ด์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ด์Šˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๋ฐ ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธํ™” ์ดํ•ด, ๋ฌธํ™” ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ์ง€๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ๊ต์ˆ˜โ€คํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์•ˆ์— ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ฒœ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ๋ชจ์ƒ‰๋˜์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ•ด๋… ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒโ€ค๋ฌธํ™”์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฐ์˜ฌ๋กœ๊ธฐ์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ ์ˆ˜์—… ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ† ๋ก ์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ† ๋ก  ์ค‘์— ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ชจ์ƒ‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•จ์–‘๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ชจ์ƒ‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ์—์„œ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ๊ฐ€์ • ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๊ท ํ˜•์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๋‚ด์žฌํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š”์–ด : ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต๊ณผ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฌธํ™”, ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”์—ญ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ, ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋‹ค๋ฌธํ™”๊ต์œก ํ•™ ๋ฒˆ : 2008-30961Docto
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