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    ์ƒ์ฒด ์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ: ์ด์˜ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๊ฑฐ๋™๊ณผ ์ƒ์ฒด๋ฐ˜์‘

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2016. 8. ๊น€ํ˜„์ด.Magnesium (Mg) have received great attention as a suitable material for biomedical application in accordance with the increasing demand for biodegradable materials in recent years. No toxicity, similar mechanical properties to those of natural bone and biodegradability, which enables complete dissolution after the damaged tissue heals, are the most attractive characteristics of Mg. Despite these favorable features, high corrosion rate in physiological conditions restricts its practical use in clinical field. Numerous studies have been conducted to regulate corrosion resistance of Mg, mainly categorized as alloying and surface modification. In this study, surface modification was vigorously explored because it can effectively modulate corrosion resistance, also can give an additional function to Mg such as improved bioactivity. Coating of the materials having excellent biocompatibility, such as hydroxyapatite (HACa10(PO4)6(OH)2), could achieve both goals, corrosion protection and enhanced biological response. The first study aimed at fabricating a biocompatible and corrosion protective coating for pure Mg substrate by introducing HA. HA was coated onto Mg in an aqueous solution containing calcium and phosphate sources to improve its in vitro and in vivo biocorrosion resistance, biocompatibility and bone response. A layer of needle-shaped HA crystals was created uniformly on the Mg substrate even when the Mg sample had a complex shape of a screw. This HA coating layer remarkably reduced the corrosion rate of the Mg tested in a simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the biological responses, including cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation, of the HA coated samples were considerably enhanced compared to the samples without a coating layer. The preliminary in vivo experiments also showed that the biocorrosion of the Mg implant was significantly retarded by HA coating, which resulted in good mechanical stability. In addition, in the case of the HA coated implants, biodegradation was mitigated, particularly over the first 6 weeks of implantation. This considerably promoted bone growth at the interface between the implant and bone. These results confirmed that HA coated Mg is a promising material for biomedical implant applications. In the second study, the attention was focused on producing the coating layer which is biocompatible, corrosion protective and strain-resistant at the same time by employing surface patterning. Micro-patterned HA and poly(L-lactic) acid (PLLA) coating has been introduced to pure Mg by the combination of photolithography and solution treatment, stated in above paragraph. Periodically arrayed HA rods with a diameter of 10 ยตm, were well fabricated on Mg with PLLA filling between the rods. In order to mimic real case and possible deformation during implantation, a 5% tensile strain was applied to the HA/PLLA patterned Mg. Compared with single HA coating and PLLA coating, HA/PLLA patterning showed good stability under strain and remarkably reduced the corrosion rate of Mg with no crack formation or delamination, resulting in negligible evolution of hydrogen gas in SBF. Moreover the biological response level of the patterned Mg, including cell attachment, proliferation, was stably maintained, while that of single HA coated and PLLA coated Mg dropped significantly under deformation. These results confirmed that HA/PLLA patterning on Mg has widened its feasibility to the real clinical operation. In the third study, we explored the applicability of the HA pattern, produced through the second study, to other materials, such as PLLA. As HA dots array on PLLA surface periodically, better biocompatibility can be naturally achieved without altering polymers intrinsic flexibility. HA patterns were formed on silicon wafer as described in the second study and transferred to PLLA. HA patterned PLLA showed similar level of stiffness and tensile strength to those of pure PLLA, while the mechanical properties of HA powder mixed PLLA was significantly deteriorated, stiffer and weaker. Furthermore, HA pattern effectively increased biological responses of PLLA, including cell attachment and proliferation. Interestingly, biocompatibility of the samples varied depending on the pattern geometry. With the fixed HA content on the surface, better bioactivity was observed as the size of HA rod decreased. These results are suggesting that cellular responses of the materials, PLLA in this case, can be directly modulated by introducing different HA patterns on the surface.์ตœ๊ทผ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์€ ์ƒ์ฒดํก์ˆ˜์„ฑ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์ฒด์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ด‘๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์ฒด์— ๋ฌดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ผˆ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ์ฒด ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์€ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŠน์ง•์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฐ›์€ ํ‹ฐ์Šˆ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋ณต๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ์ฒด์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ์˜ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‹์†๋„๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ์‘์šฉ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‹ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆํ™”์™€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‹์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ผ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ฝ”ํŒ…์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์‹ ๋ฐฉ์ง€์™€ ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์‹์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์ฝ”ํŒ…์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์นผ์Š˜๊ณผ ์ธ์‚ฐ์—ผ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก ๋‚ด์—์„œ์˜ ์„์ถœ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์ฝ”ํŒ…๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด ๋‚ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ฒด ์™ธ์˜ ๋ถ€์‹์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ, ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ผˆ์™€์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋ ค๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋Š˜ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์ฝ”ํŒ… ์ธต์€ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ ๊ธฐํŒ์˜ ์ „ ์˜์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ํ˜•์ƒ์—๋„ ์ž˜ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ์ฝ”ํŒ… ์ธต์€ ์ƒ์ฒด ๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์šฉ์•ก ๋‚ด์—์„œ์˜ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‹์†๋„๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ, ์ฆ์‹, ๋ถ„ํ™” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์ฝ”ํŒ…์„ ํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋น„ ๋™๋ฌผ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฝ”ํŒ…ํ•œ ์‹œํŽธ์—์„œ ์ƒ์ฒด๋ถ€์‹์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ์ œ์–ด๋˜์–ด, ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”ํŒ…๋œ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ƒ์ฒด๋ถ„ํ•ด์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ 6์ฃผ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ด๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์™€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ผˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ผˆ ํ˜•์„ฑ์–‘์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์ฝ”ํŒ…ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜๋ฃŒ์šฉ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์— ์‘์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด ํŒจํ„ฐ๋‹ ๊ณต๋ฒ•์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ๋ถ€์‹์„ ๋ง‰์•„ ์ค„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์—๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฌ๋””๋Š” ์ฝ”ํŒ… ์ธต์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก ์„์ถœ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํฌํ† ๋ฆฌ์†Œ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ผ ๊ณต์ •์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ํŒจํ„ดํ™”๋œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ์™€ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ ์ฝ”ํŒ…์ธต์„ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 10 ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ์›ํ˜• ํŒจํ„ด์ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์ž˜ ์ •๋ ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์›ํ˜• ํŒจํ„ด ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์ž„์ƒ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ์™€ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํŒจํ„ดํ™”๋œ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์— 5%์˜ ์ธ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋‚˜ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ๋งŒ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”ํŒ…ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด, ํŒจํ„ดํ™”๋œ ์ฝ”ํŒ… ์ธต์€ ์ธ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ˜• ํ•˜์—์„œ๋„ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ท ์—ด์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ•๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ฝ”ํŒ… ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์€ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‹์†๋„ ์ œ์–ด์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์ฒด๋ชจ๋ฐฉ์šฉ์•ก ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‹์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ธ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๊ธฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋‚˜ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ์˜ ๋‹จ๋… ์ฝ”ํŒ… ์ธต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ธ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ˜• ํ•˜์—์„œ ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฆ์‹ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์ด ํ˜„์ €ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ํŒจํ„ดํ™”๋œ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์€ ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ์™€ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž„์ƒ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ์˜ ์‹คํ˜„๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ ๋“ฑ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ค˜๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๊ท ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ ฌ๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ƒ์ฑ„์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํด๋ฆฌ๋จธ ๋ณธ์—ฐ์˜ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๊ธฐํŒ ์œ„์— ํ˜•์„ฑ ํ•œ ๋’ค, ์ด๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ ๋ถ„๋ง์„ ์„ž์€ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๋„๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ๋ฌผ์„ฑ์ด ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €ํ•˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํŒจํ„ดํ™”๋œ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ๋ฌผ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๊ณผ ์ฆ์‹ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์„ธํฌ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ํด๋ฆฌ๋ฝํ‹ฑ์—์‹œ๋“œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์›”๋“ฑํžˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ ์ ์€, ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ถœ ์–‘์„ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ž‘์€ ์ง€๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŒจํ„ด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ƒ์ฒด์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ํ•˜์ด๋“œ๋ก์‹œ์•„ํŒŒํƒ€์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ํŒจํ„ดํ™”ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์„ธํฌํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Using Mg as a biodegradable implant and the difficulties 2 1.2. Outline of the thesis 4 Chapter 2. Theoretical review 7 2.1. Currently used metallic implants 8 2.2. The potential of Mg as a biodegradable implant 10 2.3. Strategies to control corrosion rate of Mg 16 2.3.1. Alloying 16 2.3.2. Surface coating 19 Chapter 3. HA coating on Mg for orthopedic application 24 3.1. Introduction 25 3.2. Experimental procedure 28 3.3. Results 36 3.3.1. Microstructure and crystalline structure of HA coating layers 36 3.3.2. Adhesion strength 39 3.3.3. In vitro corrosion resistance 41 3.3.4. In vitro cell responses 48 3.3.5. In vivo biocorrosion and mechanical stability 54 3.3.6. In vivo biodegradation and bone response 60 3.4. Discussion 67 3.5. Conclusions 71 Chapter 4. Behavior of HA/PLLA patterned Mg under deformation 72 4.1. Introduction 73 4.2. Experimental procedure 76 4.3. Results 82 4.3.1. Microstructure and crystalline structure of HA/PLLA pattern 82 4.3.2. Microstructure after application of strain 87 4.3.3. In vitro corrosion test 89 4.3.4. In vitro cell responses 97 4.4. Discussion 107 4.5. Conclusions 110 Chapter 5. HA patterning on PLLA for modulating cellular response 111 5.1. Introduction 112 5.2. Experimental procedure 115 5.3. Results 122 5.3.1. Comparing HA powder mixed PLLA and HA patterned PLLA 122 5.3.2. Various HA patterns on PLLA 132 5.4. Discussion 139 5.5. Conclusions 142 Chapter 6. Conclusions 144 6.1. Conclusions 145 6.2. Future work 148 References 152 Abstract (In Korean) 163Docto
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