An Integrative Review on Dining Experiences of Vegetarians as a Minority Food Culture: Based on Qualitative Research

Background Despite the emphasis on the health benefits of a vegetarian diet and growing interest in the contribution of meat consumption to climate change and the resulting health hazards, few studies have been conducted to understand the vegetarian dining experience. The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of qualitative research on dining experiences for vegetarians, and to suggest development directions for understanding and coping with it. Methods An integrative review method was used. Based on Whittemore & Knafl’s approach, five steps were applied. Results Of the 413 articles initially retrieved from the electronic databases, 12 studies met the selection criteria. Three characteristics related to the dining experiences of vegetarians were derived: (1) feeling healthy, (2) establishing identity, and (3) transition to healthy diet. Results emphasize that many of the difficulties that vegetarians face in maintaining a vegetarian diet are due to relationships with non-vegetarians, and vegetarians use various negotiation strategies to positively interact with non-vegetarians. Conclusions This review found that for vegetarians, a vegetarian diet is a lifestyle that reflects their identity and is an important transition for a healthier life. As a minority in the food culture, there is a need to promote the transition to a healthy dining experience by understanding what the dining experience of vegetarians is like and considering alternatives to the difficulties they face.ope

Development and Application of Case-based Video Education for Oncology Nursing based on Clinical Reasoning

Purpose The purposes of this study were to develop a case-based video education program for oncology nursing based on clinical reasoning and to identify the clinical reasoning competence and satisfaction with the education of students in an oncology advanced practice nursing program after applying the video education. Methods This study was a single group before and after designed experiment for identifying the clinical reasoning competence and satisfaction with education after a case-based video education program for oncology nursing based on clinical reasoning. Eight experts developed a case-based video education program based on clinical reasoning. Fifty-seven students from an oncology advanced practice nursing program participated in this education format. The clinical reasoning competence and satisfaction with education were measured with online self-reporting questionnaires. Results The overall education satisfaction was 4.21±0.67 points (out of 5). The clinical reasoning competence increased from 55.25±6.54 points to 61.18±7.13 points (out of 75) after completing the education program and there was a statistically significant difference (t=−6.52, p<.001). Conclusion The case-based video education for oncology nursing based on clinical reasoning was effective in improving the students' clinical reasoning competence. Various education programs should be developed and applied to improve the clinical reasoning competence of students in an oncology advanced practice nursing program.ope

Palliative Care for Patients With Heart Failure: An Integrative Review

Palliative care should be integrated into routine disease management for all patients with serious illness, regardless of settings or prognosis. The purposes of this integrative review were to identify the features of randomized controlled trials for adult patients with heart failure and to provide basic references for the development of future trials. Using Whittemore and Knafl's integrative literature review method, comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Korean databases were conducted, integrating keywords about heart failure and palliative care interventions. Quality appraisal was assessed using Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. In total, there were 6 trials providing palliative care interventions integrating team-based approaches between palliative care specialists and nonpalliative clinicians, such as a cardiologist, cardiac nurse, and advanced practice nurse across inpatient and outpatient settings. The different types of interventions included home visits, symptom management via phone calls or referral to a specialist team, and the establishment of treatment planning. Patient-reported outcome measures included positive effects of palliative interventions on symptom burden and quality of life. Given that most of the selected studies were conducted in Western countries, palliative care should be culturally tailored to assist heart failure patients worldwide.ope

Psychological experiences of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19: Integrative review based on qualitative research

Aim: To analyse the literature on nurses' psychological experiences caring for COVID-19 patients, focusing on qualitative research. Design: An integrative review. Review methods: Whittemore & Knafl's approach was used. Data sources: Six databases were searched using the terms 'nurses', 'psychological experiences' and 'COVID-19'. Results: Ten studies were selected and analysed. Five characteristics related to nurses' negative psychological experiences, four characteristics related to positive psychological experiences and seven coping strategies of nurses were identified. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the need for psychological, social, financial and organizational support for nurses to improve mental well-being and the level of nursing care. No Patient or Public Contribution.ope

Redesign of Clinical Practicum for End of Life Care with Integrated Perspectives

With the cycling of nursing research, theory, practice, education, and policy making, nursing knowledge has been developed and disseminated. A clinical practicum is a good way to deliver nursing knowledge. Also an area of end-of-life (EOL) care is a good field to integrate nursing knowledge with different perspectives and multiple ways of knowing. The purposes of this paper were 1) to describe nursing knowledge and EOL with an integrated view, 2) to critique the current phenomenon of the field of EOL, and 3) to propose a redesign of the clinical practicum in EOL care. An integrative review was performed as the method of the study. The results showed that the reflection of nursing knowledge from different perspectives regarding EOL may help the nursing discipline develop various nursing knowledge, practice, education, and research. However, this paper shows that recent education is more focused on empirical knowledge, problem-solving approaches with a totality paradigm, and didactic teaching-learning methods. For redesigning the clinical practicum, it is necessary to reestablish a caring relationship between nursing instructors and nursing students. In terms of the teaching-learning process, the human-becoming teaching-learning process is recommended over the nurse-becoming process.ope

Cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction in breast cancer survivors: A retrospective descriptive study using electronic health records from a Korean tertiary hospital

Purpose: The population overlap of breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased due to early breast cancer detection and treatment and aging population trends. Moreover, breast cancer patients are at an increased risk for CVDs consequent to cancer treatments. We aimed to understand the characteristics of breast cancer patients with pre-existing CVDs and of those diagnosed with CVDs after receiving chemotherapy, and cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction's occurrence among Korean breast cancer patients with CVDs. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study, which collected clinical data from electronic health records from a Korean tertiary hospital, included 1200 female breast cancer patients with CVDs, aged 15-75 years. Results: A total of 45.7% had pre-existing CVDs, and 91.6% were classified as very high-risk for cardiotoxicity in the pre-existing CVDs group. Among the 1200 breast cancer patients with CVDs, only 439 patients had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) data during their cancer treatment, and 121 received baseline assessment for LVEF. Of the 439 patients with LVEF data, 134 patients have been classified into cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD), and the median period from cancer diagnosis to CTRCD occurrence was 26.5 months. Conclusion: Despite the high cardiotoxicity risk of breast cancer patients with pre-existing CVDs, baseline studies of the risk assessment before chemotherapy were insufficient to support the prevention and early detection of cardiotoxicity. Therefore, it is paramount to consider how nurses focus on risk stratification before chemotherapy and support the regular monitoring of breast cancer survivors' cardiac functioning, to maintain optimal health status.ope

단차가 있는 철근콘크리트 슬래브의 구조설계에 관한 연구

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 건축학과, 2014. 2. 강현구.Reinforced concrete slabs with steps were experimentally studied to analyze their structural performance and to suggest reinforcing details of the step. Because the stepped slabs may behave very poorly in terms of bending strength, stiffness, deflection, cracking, etc., the study is aimed at suggesting proper reinforcing details so that the same bending strength as that without steps can be obtained. The bending strengths of 12 test specimens with a variety of different reinforcing detail types or other parameters were compared with one another. The specimen without any additional reinforcement in the step exhibited a very low bending strength and significant damage, and the specimens with diagonal reinforcements in the step manifested substantial early cracks and hinging of the step as well as a substantial loss of the bending strength. On the contrary, the specimens with a combination of U-bars, revU-bars, L-bars, and revL-bars performed very well and reached up to 100 % of the slab bending strength. U-bars and revU-bars were effective in controling diagonal cracks, while L-bars and revL-bars were effective in preventing the yielding of slab reinforcement near the step. The second purpose of the analysis of this study was to propose a modification factor to reflect the stiffness modification of a step in flat plates. Reinforced concrete slabs with steps exhibit distinct structural characteristics that are determined by a series of structural experiment and nonlinear analysis. The corner of the step was weak and flexible, and thus the rotational stiffness at the corner of the step was investigated through the analyses with 6 types of models using a nonlinear finite element program. Then, a systematic analysis on the stiffness change was performed using a linear finite element procedure along with rotational springs. The stiffness of reinforced concrete flat plates with steps was mainly affected by the step length, location, thickness and height. First, a single modification factor for each of these variables was obtained, while other variables were constrained. When the influence of multiple variables were simultaneously considered, the single modification factor was multiplied by one another. This method was verified by a comparative analysis, and, finally, it was found that the complex modification factor as suggested in this study could be used together with the existing effective beam width model.Abstract ................................................................................... ⅰ Table of Contents .......................................................... ⅰⅴ Figures ...................................................................................... ⅰⅹ Tables ........................................................................................ ⅹⅴⅰ Notations ................................................................................. ⅹⅴⅲ Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Research ........................................ 1 1.2 Purpose of the Research ............................................... 3 1.3 Literature Review ............................................................ 5 1.3.1 Overview of details of step reinforcement in the overseas ............................................................... 5 1.3.2 Research of Kang et al. ......................................... 6 1.3.3 Research of Grossman on effective beam width ............................................................................ 8 1.3.4 Research of Hwang and Moehle on effective beam width ............................................................... 9 1.4 Research Scope and Contents ..................................... 10 Chapter 2 Quantity Estimation of Additional Reinforcement in the Step ....................................................... 13 2.1 Stress Flow in the Step ................................................ 13 2.2 Estimation Method for Additional Rebar Quantity .... 15 2.3 Estimation of Additional Rebar Quantity ................. 17 2.3.1 Type-A model with 210 mm step thickness .. 17 2.3.2 Type-A model with 400 mm step thickness .. 17 2.3.3 Type-B model with 210 mm step thickness .. 18 2.4 Application of the Computed Additional Rebar Quantity to the Specimen ............................................ 19 2.5 Summary of Results ....................................................... 20 Chapter 3 Gravity Load Test .......................... 21 3.1 Experimental Plan ............................................................ 21 3.2 Design of Test Specimen ............................................. 24 3.3 Test Specimen Fabrication ........................................... 42 3.4 Test Method ...................................................................... 47 Chapter 4 Experimental Results and Proposal of Detailing Design for the Step ............................................. 49 4.1 Material Test Result ....................................................... 49 4.1.1 Result of concrete material test .......................... 49 4.1.2 Result of rebar material test ................................ 50 4.2 Cracking of the Specimens and the Failure Mode 51 4.2.1 Cracking stages of the slab and the failure mode ............................................................................. 51 4.2.2 Cracking of the specimens and the failure mode ............................................................................. 54 4.3 Analysis of the Experimental Results ...................... 70 4.3.1 Overview of experimental result analysis ........ 70 4.3.2 Analysis of experimental result ........................... 72 4.4 Concept of Step Reinforcement Design .................... 83 4.4.1 Additional reinforcement quantity of revU-bar 85 4.4.2 Additional reinforcement quantity of U-bar .... 86 4.4.3 Additional reinforcement quantity of L-bar and revL-bar ............................................................. 86 4.5 Proposal of Step Reinforcement Design ................... 86 4.5.1 Anchoring of main rebar in the slab ................. 87 4.5.2 Design of revU-bar and U-bar ........................... 88 4.5.3 Design of revL-bar and L-bar ........................... 89 4.5.4 Construction sequence ............................................. 91 4.6 Necessity of Stiffness Analysis based on the Experimental Result ........................................................ 96 4.7 Summary of Results ....................................................... 97 Chapter 5 Stiffness Analysis in Consideration of Steps ................ 99 5.1 Input Method through Elastic Link ........................... 99 5.2 Computation and Application of Rotational Stiffness .............................................................................. 102 5.3 Procedure and Condition for the Computation of StepModification Factor ................................................ 103 5.3.1 Rotational stiffness by the area of influence .. 103 5.3.2 Procedure of modification factor computation 104 5.4 Analysis Result of Step Modification Factor ......... 106 5.4.1 Basics of stiffness analysis ................................... 106 5.4.2 Relationship between variables and single modification factor .................................................... 107 5.4.3 Variables analysis and proposal of step modification factor .................................................... 112 5.5 Summary of Results ....................................................... 121 Chapter 6 Conclusions .............................................. 123 References ............................................................................. 126 국 문 초 록 (Korean Abstract) ......................... 128Maste

Factors Affecting Fear of Cancer Recurrence in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the fear of cancer recurrence in the patients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants based on Simonelli's theory of the fear of cancer recurrence. Methods A descriptive study was conducted.From October 2020 to January 2021, a total of 83 patients who were diagnosed with hematopoietic cancer at C university hospital in Seoul and who had received hematopoietic stem cell transplants were surveyed using questionnaires and electronic medical records. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients were at high risk of fear of cancer recurrence (68.7%). The regression model explained that distress, quality of life, and gender were the main factors influencing the fear of cancer recurrence, which can explain 43.2% of the total variation. Conclusion In order to reduce the fear of cancer recurrence in patients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants, a nursing plan to reduce the psychosocial factors of the patients should be developed. In this way, nurses can assist patients in solving problems after transplantation and in adapting to daily life.ope

Role Expectations and Cooperation of Staff Nurses and Clinical Research Nurses who take care of Clinical Research Patientser

This was an investigative study to identify the role expectations for clinical research related tasks that ward nurses can participate in and the awareness of cooperation between ward nurses and clinical research nurses (CRNs) and the obstacles for the same. The subjects were 66 ward nurses and 65 CRNs. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the two-sample t-test, and the 2 test on SAS 9.3. As a result of this study, 4.56±0.41 ward nurses and 3.83±0.60 CRNs were found to have high role expectations of each other and statistically significant role expectations for ward nurses (p<.001). Significant differences were seen in the five categories of cooperation recognition between the two groups. Among the factors for cooperative disabilities, excessive work and lack of awareness of clinical research were ranked high. High role expectation becomes an element of role conflict. To organize the role of ward nurses and clinical research nurses in the new clinical research nursing work, procedures, establishing of effective practices, and the proper operation of an official system are expected to be necessary. To promote cooperation between the two groups, a culture of mutual trust and cooperation should be formed to enable each group to think of the other as partners and to recognize their expertise.ope

Nurses’ Experience and Satisfaction as Research Participants in Nursing Research - A View of Protecting Vulnerable Populations: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of Korean nurses' research participation experiences; their resulting consent satisfaction; pressure to participate; satisfaction in participating; and the factors influencing research participation satisfaction. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to nurses who are employed at hospitals or higher medical institutions nationwide and have participated in nursing research at least once. 197 nurses participated in this study. 173 data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression. Results Senior nurses made the most participation requests (21.4%). The coercion to participate in the research (2.67±0.64) was lower than normal (3). However, the coercion level to participate in the study was significantly higher when notified by the institution or department (F=5.29, p<.001), the department head requested participation (F=5.17, p<.001), or senior nurses instructed other nurses to participate (F=7.96, p<.001). Satisfaction with informed consent (β=.55, p<.001) and coercion to participate in the research (F=93.16, p<.001) were significant variables influencing the satisfaction with research participation (R2=.52). Conclusion In order to protect the rights of nurses as research participants, it is necessary to improve researcher awareness and quality of nursing research, as well as provide ethical research environments for research participants.ope