174 research outputs found

    USP2์˜ DNA ์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํŠน์„ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌ๋ฒ”๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ณผํ•™๊ต์œก๊ณผ(์ƒ๋ฌผ์ „๊ณต), 2023. 2. ์ด์ค€๊ทœ.DNA double strand break (DSB), the most detrimental DNA lesion in human genome, triggers DNA damage response such as DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, replication stress response. In response to DNA damage, the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex contributes to the sensing and repair of DNA damage, which is critical for genomic integrity and cell survival. Thus, MRN complex could be a target of various post-translational modification (PTM) to control its stability or function. Recently, USP2 was identified as a new deubiquitinase that prevents NBS1 ubiquitination to stabilize MRN complex at DSB site. In this study, I showed the mechanism of USP2 recruitment to DSB site through performing live-cell imaging of eGFP fused USP2 after laser-microirradiation treatment. Then, I found out USP2 recruitment to DSB site is dependent on ATM, PARP, and RECQL4 during the DNA damage response. Furthermore, I showed ATM-dependent phosphorylation of two critical residues, Serine 2 and Threonine 137, in N-terminus of USP2 is essential for its recruitment to the DSB site. Collectively, this study discovered a new mechanism of USP2 recruitment to the DSB site which is a prerequisite process for MRN complex stability.์ธ๊ฐ„ ์œ ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ด๋กœ์šด DNA ์†์ƒ์ธ DNA ์ด์ค‘๋‚˜์„ ์†์ƒ(DSB)์€ DNA ์ˆ˜์„ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ DNA ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ์ „์ฒด ํ•ญ์ƒ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์„ธํฌ ์ƒ์กด์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ MRE11-RAD50-NBS1(MRN) ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๋Š” DNA ์†์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์„ ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ MRN ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ ํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•(Post-translational modification)์˜ ํƒ€๊นƒ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, USP2๋Š” DSB ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ NBS1์˜ ์œ ๋น„ํ€ดํ‹ดํ™”๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ MRN ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํƒˆ์œ ๋น„ํ€ดํ‹ดํ™” ํšจ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” DSB๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ MRN ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” USP2์˜ DNA ์†์ƒ๋ถ€์œ„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” USP2 ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„ ์‹œํ‚จ U2OS ์„ธํฌ์— ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ๋ฏธ์„ธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์„ธํฌ ์˜์ƒ ์ฐฐ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์ค‘๊ฐ€๋‹ฅ์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ USP2 ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์ด ATM, PARP, ๋ฐ RECQL4์— ์˜์กด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, USP2๊ฐ€ ์ด์ค‘๊ฐ€๋‹ฅ์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋ชจ์ง‘๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— USP2 N-๋ง๋‹จ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ 2๋ฒˆ Serine ๊ณผ 137๋ฒˆ Threonine์˜ ์ธ์‚ฐํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” MRN ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „์ œ ๊ณผ์ •์ธ DNA ์ด์ค‘๊ฐ€๋‹ฅ์†์ƒ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ USP2์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ชจ์ง‘ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.1. Introduction 1 1.1 Study Background 1 1.2 Purpose of Research 4 2. Materials and Methods 6 2.1 Cell culture, Transfection of DNA, and Antibodies 6 2.2 Plasmid Preparation 7 2.3 Immunoprecipitation 7 2.4 Laser Microirradiation and Live cell Imaging of Fluorescent protein 7 2.5 Statistics Analysis 8 2.6 Table of Plasmid DNA Used in This Study 9 2.7 Abbreviation 9 3. Result 10 3.1 USP2 is recruited to laser-induced DNA damage site and interacts with NBS1 10 3.2 USP2 recruitment to DSB site is dependent on ATM, PARP, and RECQL4, respectively. 12 3.3 N-termnus of USP2 domain is crucial for ATM dependent recruitment to DSB site. 17 3.4 ATM phosphorylates two critical residues in USP2 N-termius (S2 and T137) and promotes its recruitment to the DNA damage site. 23 4. Discussion 27 References 30 Abstract in Korean 35์„

    A study on optimal selection of reference accelerometers for active road noise control

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2020. 8. ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ค€.Active noise control (ANC) is gradually expanding its application in the automotive industry. One of the reason is that passive noise control (PNC) methods are not advantageous for lightweighting as they increase the weight of the vehicle, and ANC is more effective to control low frequency range noise as compared to PNC methods. In terms of ANC application, the performance of ANC systems is directly affected by the selection of the reference signal. Currently, the issue of sensor placement leads to a compromise between time cost and performance of ANC systems. Trial and error methods that are commonly used consist of a brute-force approach simulating the result outcomes for all candidate sensor locations and present high computing costs. Consequently, a process that allows engineers to reduce the set of candidate sensor locations while obtaining target noise reduction results is needed to avoid the overwhelming time cost of the brute-force and trial-error approaches. This study suggests a method that determines candidates for the locations of the reference signal sensors by using the correlation between the input acceleration signal and output sound pressure level signal, which is a partial coherence function. This process evaluates the correlation of each acceleration signal with the interior noise and eliminates redundant sensor locations by maximizing the Fisher information matrix. This method enables the re duction of the total number of candidate locations, which in turn leads to a decrease in the total time cost while obtaining locally optimal results.๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ์†Œ์Œ์ œ์–ด(ANC)๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ ์ฐจ ์ ์šฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„“ํ˜€๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํŒจ์‹œ๋ธŒ ๋…ธ์ด์ฆˆ ์ปจํŠธ๋กค(PNC) ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋Š˜๋ ค ๊ฒฝ๋Ÿ‰ํ™”์— ์œ  ๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ANC ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด PNC ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ €์ฃผํŒŒ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ANC ์ ์šฉ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ANC ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ์ฐธ์กฐ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ผ์„œ์„ ์ • ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์†Œ์š”์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ ˆ์ถฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ›„๋ณด ์„ผ์„œ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์Œ์ €๊ฐ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์†Œ์š” ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ์ตœ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ํ›„๋ณด ์„ผ์„œ ์œ„์น˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž…๋ ฅ ๊ฐ€์†๋„ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ ์Œ์•• ์ˆ˜์ค€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐธ์กฐ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์„ผ์„œ์˜ ์œ„์น˜ ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ฐ€์† ์‹ ํ˜ธ์™€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋…ธ์ด ์ฆˆ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ํ”ผ์…” ์ •๋ณด ๋งคํŠธ๋ฆญ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ค‘๋ณต ์„ผ์„œ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์ฐธ์กฐ์‹ ํ˜ธ ํ›„๋ณด๊ตฐ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋น„์šฉ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.INTRODUCTION 1 2. METHODOLOGY 4 2.1 Overview 4 2.2 Wienerfilter 4 2.3 Partialcoherence 5 2.4 Partial coherence-based reference sensor selection method 6 3. Result 10 3.1 Method 1 โ€“ ANC simulation with total sensor combination 11 3.2 Method 2 โ€“ multiple coherence function-based reference sensor selec- tionmethod 12 3.3 Method 3 โ€“ partial coherence function-based reference sensor selec- tionmethod 13 4. Conclusion 26 Abstract (In Korean) 31 Acknowledgment 32Maste

    The Effect of Retained Austenite Stability on High Speed Deformation Behavior of TRIP Steels

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    The safety of passengers is very important during an automobile collision. Because the collision event involves high speed deformation, property data and deformation mechanisms of materials under high strain rate conditions are needed to choose proper materials for automobiles. Therefore, in this study, dynamic mechanical properties of low carbon TRIP steels with varying retained austenite stabilities were evaluated over a wide range of strain rates using a high-velocity hydraulic tensile testing machine. Tensile tests were performed at strain rates ranging from 10-2 to 6x102/sec using normal ASTM E-8 specimens with an elastic strain gage attached to the sample grip end to measure load and a plastic strain gage mounted on the gage section to measure strain precisely. Ultimate tensile strengths, strain rate sensitivities, and strain hardening behaviors are reported. The strength of TRIP steels increased with increasing strain rate, that is, positive strain rate sensitivity was observed.1. ์„œ ๋ก  1 2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 3 2.1 TRIP(Transformation Induced Plasticity) ๋ƒ‰์—ฐ๊ฐ•ํŒ 3 2.1.1 ๋ณ€ํƒœ์œ ๊ธฐ์†Œ์„ฑ(TRIP) ํ˜„์ƒ 4 2.2 ์ž”๋ฅ˜์˜ค์Šคํ…Œ๋‚˜์ดํŠธ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ธ์ž 8 2.2.1 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์›์†Œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 8 2.2.2 ์—ด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 9 2.3 ์ž”๋ฅ˜์˜ค์Šคํ…Œ๋‚˜์ดํŠธ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •๋„ 11 2.3.1 ์ž”๋ฅ˜์˜ค์Šคํ…Œ๋‚˜์ดํŠธ ์•ˆ์ •๋„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์›์†Œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 11 2.3.2 ์—ฐ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ž”๋ฅ˜์˜ค์Šคํ…Œ๋‚˜์ดํŠธ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ 12 2.4 ๊ณ ์†์ธ์žฅ์‹œํ—˜ 14 2.4.1 TRIP๊ฐ•์˜ ๊ณ ์†์ธ์žฅํŠน์„ฑ 14 2.4.2 ๊ณ ์†๋ณ€ํ˜•์—์„œ์˜ TRIP ๋ƒ‰์—ฐ๊ฐ•ํŒ 21 3. ์‹ค ํ—˜ ๋ฐฉ ๋ฒ• 23 3.1 TRIP ๋ƒ‰์—ฐ๊ฐ•ํŒ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ 23 3.2 ์ด์ƒ์˜์—ญ ์—ด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ํ•ญ์˜จ๋ณ€ํƒœ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ 24 3.3 ๊ณ ์†์ธ์žฅ์‹œํ—˜ 27 3.4 ๋ฏธ์„ธ์กฐ์ง ๊ด€์ฐฐ 30 3.5 ์ž”๋ฅ˜์˜ค์Šคํ…Œ๋‚˜์ดํŠธ ๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋ถ„์œจ ์ธก์ • 30 4. ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 32 4.1 ๋ฏธ์„ธ์กฐ์ง ๊ด€์ฐฐ 32 4.2 ์ง„์‘๋ ฅ - ์ง„๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ฅ  ๊ณก์„  36 4.3 Strain Rate Sensitivity 41 4.4 Elongation 43 4.5 Absorbed Energy 43 5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  49 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 51 Abstract 5

    Association of proteinuria and incident atrial fibrillation in patients with diabetes mellitus: a population-based senior cohort study

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    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). The excess risk in relation to the presence of proteinuria has not been well elucidated. Our aim was to determine the association between the incidence of AF and proteinuria in diabetic population. A total of 240,499 individuals aged โ‰ฅ 60 years from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort from 2004 to 2014 were included. 4.2% of individuals with DM and 3.7% of controls were diagnosed with AF during a median follow-up period of 7.2 years. Amongst controls (participants without proteinuria and DM), DM only, proteinuria only, and DM with proteinuria groups, the crude incidences of AF were 0.58, 0.70, 0.96, 1.24 per 100 person-years respectively. Compared with controls, the weighted risk of AF was increased by 11% (hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = 1.02-1.20, P = .001), 48% (hazard ratio = 1.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.30-1.69, P < .001), and 66% (hazard ratio = 1.66, 95% confidence interval = 1.26-2.18, P < .001) in the DM only, proteinuria only, and DM with proteinuria groups, respectively (P for trend < .001). Degree of proteinuria in diabetic patients was associated with a significantly higher rate of incident AF in dose dependent manner. Thus, assessing proteinuria by a simple urine dipstick test could provide a useful adjunct to risk assessment for AF in elderly population with DM.ope

    ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์ด ์—†๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ: ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜๊ณต๋‹จ

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    Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is generally regarded as a risk factor for dementia, though longitudinal studies assessing the association between AF and dementia have shown inconsistent results. This study aimed to determine the effect of AF on the risk of developing dementia using a longitudinal, population-based, stroke-free elderly cohort. Methods: The association of incident AF with the development of incident dementia was assessed from Jan 1, 2005 to Dec 31, 2012 in 260,638 dementia- and stroke-free participants aged โ‰ฅ60 years in the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort. Results: Incident AF was observed in 10,975 participants over an observational period of 1,613,322 person-years (0.68% per year). During the observational period, the incidence of dementia was 2.5 and 1.6 per 100 person-years in the incident AF and propensity score matched AF-free groups, respectively. After adjustment, the risk of dementia was significantly increased by incident AF with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.84 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.71-1.98], even after censoring for stroke (1.64, 95% CI: 1.51-1.79). Incident AF increased the risk of both Alzheimer (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.50-1.78) and vascular dementia (HR 3.09, 95% CI 2.56-3.72). Among patients with incident AF, oral anticoagulant (OAC) use was associated with a preventive effect on dementia development (0.67, 95% CI: 0.57-0.79, p<0.001), and an increasing CHA2DS2-VASc score was associated with a higher risk of dementia. Conclusion: Incident AF was associated with an increased risk of dementia, independent of clinical stroke in an elderly population. OAC use was linked with a decreased incidence of dementia. ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ : ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ธ์ž๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „ํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ „ํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์ด ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™๊ณผ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ณต๋‹จ์˜ ๋…ธ์ธ์ฝ”ํ˜ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2005๋…„ 1์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2012๋…„ 12์›” 31์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ ๊ธฐ์กด์— ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰ ๋ฐ ์น˜๋งค๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” 260,638 ๋ช…์˜ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ 1,613,322 ์ธ-๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ 10,975 ๋ช…์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(0.68%/๋…„). ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ 2.5๊ฑด/100์ธ-๋…„, ์„ฑํ–ฅ ์ ์ˆ˜ ๋งค์นญ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ์—์„œ 1.6๊ฑด/100์ธ-๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Cox ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋…๋ฆฝ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ •ํ•œ ํ›„, ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์˜ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์œ„ํ—˜๋น„๋Š” 1.84 [95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„: 1.71-1.98]์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ถ”์ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์ค‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(1.64, 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„: 1.51-1.79). ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์€ ์•Œ์ธ ํ•˜์ด๋จธ ์น˜๋งค(์œ„ํ—˜๋น„ 1.63, 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 1.50-1.78) ๋ฐ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€์„ฑ ์น˜๋งค๋ฅผ(์œ„ํ—˜๋น„ 3.09, 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 2.56-3.72) ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘, ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ ํ•ญ์‘๊ณ ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ ์—ˆ๋‹ค(์œ„ํ—˜๋น„ 0.67, 95% ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„: 0.57-0.79, p<0.001), ๋˜ํ•œ ๋†’์€ CHA2DS2-VASc ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก : ์ถ”์ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์ค‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์€ ์ž„์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋‡Œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰๊ณผ๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ ํ•ญ์‘๊ณ ์ œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ธ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์น˜๋งค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.open๋ฐ•

    ์‚ถ์˜ ๆœ‰้™ๆ€ง๊ณผ ์ •์น˜์งˆ์„œ : Platon์˜ ์ •์น˜์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ •์น˜ํ•™๊ณผ,2008.Maste

    Characteristics of Commentary on Chunchu Published in the Joseon Dynasty Focused on Commentaries on Chunchu Stored in Kyujanggak

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    ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2015๋…„ 10์›” 23~24์ผ ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ทœ์žฅ๊ฐํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ฒฝํ•™ํ•™ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋™ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œํ•™์ˆ ๋Œ€ํšŒ <ํ•œ๊ตญ ๊ฒฝํ•™์˜ ์œ„์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์„œ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฌธํ—Œ: ๊ทœ์žฅ๊ฐ ์†Œ์žฅ ็ถ“้ƒจ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ>์˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฌธ์„ ์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„.ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ ํ•™๊ณ„์—์„œ ์กฐ์„ ์กฐ ๊ฒฝํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์„œ์˜ค๊ฒฝ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต์  ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ „๋ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ฒฝ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฏธ์ง„ํ•œ ํ˜•ํŽธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ์ดˆ๋ณด์ ์ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ณผ์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์กฐ์„ ์กฐ ์ถ˜์ถ”ํ•™์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ž๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ํŽธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ํŠน์ • ํ•™์ž์˜ ํ•ด์„์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ทธ์น  ๋ฟ ๊ทธ ํ•™์ˆ ์  ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์‚ฌ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์„ ์กฐ ์ถ˜์ถ”ํ•™์˜ ์„ฑ๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ณผ์ •, ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์  ํŠน์ง•์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™์  ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์กฐ์„ ์กฐ ์ถ˜์ถ”ํ•™์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ํ๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์กฐ์„ ์กฐ ๊ฒฝํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹œ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์กฐ์„ ์กฐ ์ถ˜์ถ”ํ•™์˜ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ† ๋Œ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.This paper examines trends and distinctive characteristics in publication of commentaries on Chunchu (Four Seasons; Confucian classic) in the Joseon Dynasty. Among commentaries on Chunchu, Chunchugyeongjeonjibhae, published during the reign of King Sejong, Chunchujibjeondaejeon, published during the King Seongjongs reign, and one of the books published during the King Jeongjos reign, Chunchujuasijeon were selected as subjects for this study. These classics titles are identical with similar books published in China, yet they are different in structuring and content after redaction. Through this process, shortcomings in format or errors in content of commentaries published in China were corrected, giving birth to a standard text with perfected structure and content. What is worth noticing particularly in this paper is that kings in the Joseon Dynasty ordered in person to publish the commentaries, and put support and efforts at the government level such as their engagement in structuring of the books content. This represents a special attention to required readings for a classic study as well as a will to create an independent and standard text on Chunchu. These three commentaries demonstrate the Joseon Dynastys academic prowess and achievement

    (A)Study on corporate spin-offs and its implications

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ฒ•ํ•™๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ „๊ณต,2003.Docto

    ๆœƒ็คพ์˜ ๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒๅˆถๅบฆ์˜ ๅฐŽๅ…ฅ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๅ•้กŒ้ปž์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ็ก็ฉถ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ฒ•ํ•™๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ „๊ณต,1999.Maste
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