Prognostic Factors of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation : The Results from 218 Consecutive Patients

"Objective: We retrospectively evaluated our experience of the management and long-term outcomes of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) on arteriovenous malformation (AVM) as a primary treatment as well as adjunct therapy. GKRS is widely used in many centers worldwide for the management of AVM. However, the long-term results of GKRS are not well known. In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated our experience of focusing on prognostic factors in the management and long-term outcomes of GKRS on AVM. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 218 patients. They were treated with GKRS in our institute from 2007 to 2013. The group included first-time GKRS for cerebral AVM, previous surgical resection, and embolization, excluding previously GKRS-treated patients. We analyzed the association between several factors (gender, age, marginal dose, hemorrhage, marginal dose, nidus volume) and the obliteration rate, which was the cumulative obliteration rate regardless of additional treatment, including repeat GKRS. Results: The univariate analysis of our study identified that a high radiation dose [margin dose ＞16.0Gy (50%), p=0.017] rather than a low radiation dose [margin dose ≤16.0Gy (50%)] and small AVM volume (≤15.0mL, p=0.003) rather than large AVM volume (＞15.0mL) were positive predictors of AVM nidus obliteration. Our study showed that young age (≤18 years) had a better obliteration rate compared with others (＞18 years) in AVM after GKRS (p=0.053). Our findings did not show that gender (p= 0.427) or hemorrhage (p=0.191) had significant effects on nidus obliteration. Comparison of our results with prior studies showed that AVM volume and margin radiation dose had a significant role in the obliteration rate in common. Conclusion: We suggest that AVM with a small volume can be considered good indications for GKRS, and a higher marginal dose [margin dose ＞16.0Gy (50%)] can be an effective factor for higher obliteration with the carefulness of post-radiosurgical complications. Finally, we can expect favorable GKRS results for appropriately selected AVMs in the young population."ope

EXPRES: An event driven dynamic scheduling for distributed manufacturing system

Maste

Die Werttheorie bei Georg Simmel

Seit der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts ist die Wertproblematik intensiv untersucht und diskutiert worden. Der Wert wurde eine Art von Grundbegriff, sowohl für die Philosophie als auch fiir die Erfahrungswissenschaften. Auch und gerade Georg Simmel hat eine sehr interessante und viel versprechende Werttheorie vorgelegt, die vor allem in der Konzeption des Wertrelativismus zum Ausdruck kommt. In seiner Gedankenwelt wird der Wertkonzeption eine grundlegende Position und Bedeutung zugesprichen. Sein philophisches Hauptwerk Philosophie des Geldes geht von dem Begriff des Wertes aus. Daneben steht Simmels Wetttheorie diesseits und jenseits der nationalökonomischen Werttheorien. Ferner hat er damalige subjektivistische und objektivistische Werttheorien kritisch und kreativ synthetisierend überwunden. Schliesslich lässt er sich im Hinblick auf die Beziehung von Wert, Preis und Geld von den anderen Theoretikem sowie Theorieschulen entscheidend unterscheiden. Zu verstehen ist Simmels Theorie des Wertes als ein wichtiger Bestandteil seiner umfangreichen Theorie der Modeme. Es besteht kein Zeifel, dass die Simmelsche Werttheorie zur Untersuchung und Diskussion der Wertproblematik im speziellen und zum Diskurs der Modeme im allgemeinen einen grossen und bedeutungsvollen Beitrag leisten kann

Particle Simulations in Dielectric Loaded Waveguide with Cylindrical Boundary Condition

Maste

[이슈 분석] 전문대학 교육현장의 NCS 기반 교육과정

Ⅰ. 들어가며 Ⅱ. NCS 기반 교육과정 도입 1. '사업' 중심의 고등직업교육 정책 Ⅲ. NCS 기반 교육과정 운영 현황(설문조사 중심) 1. 응답자의 구성 분포 문항 2. 연간 담당하는 NCS 기반 교과목 강좌 수 문항 3. NCS 교과목 형태 문항 4. 일반 교과목에 비해 NCS 기반 교과목 운영에 시간 할애 정도 5. NCS 기반 교육과정이 미친 긍정적인 영향에 대한 문항 6. NCS 기반 교육과정이 산업 현장에서 필요로 하는 인력양성에 기여한 정도에 대한 문항(산업체 의견 반영) 7. NCS 기반 교육과정의 학과 교육성과 개선 효과에 대한 문항(학생역량, 취업률, 충원율, 학생/기업만족도 등) 8. NCS 기반 교육과정의 교육체계 개선 효과에 대한 문항 9. 교과목 운영과 연계된 NCS 활용상의 문제점에 대한 문항에 대한 문항 10. NCS 기반 교육과정 운영 시 어려운 점에 대한 문항 11. NCS 기반 교육과정이 전문대학의 교육현장에 미친 영향에 대한 문항 Ⅳ. 고등직업교육을 위한 NCS 활용의 제

고체 헬륨의 비고전적 회전관성과 층밀리기 탄성률

학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 물리학과, 2010.08, [ xiii, 106 p. ]Supersolid is a state of matter that has the properties of a solid and a superfluid simultaneously. In 1970, non-classical rotational inertia (NCRI) was suggested to be a consequence of supersolidity; this property was detected by Kim and Chan in 2004, who found a drop in the resonant period of a torsional oscillator. However, the exact mechanism of the phenomenon is not clear yet. This dissertation presents three experimental approaches to revealing the origin of the supersolid state. The purpose of the first experiment is to look for a 2-dimensional supersolid. In 2-dimensional helium films, the first few atomic layers, which are called the inert layer, are strongly localized and considered to be solid-like. In order to find the superfluidity in the inert layer helium films, torsional oscillators containing porous Vycor glass were used. However, no signature of NCRI was found in the inert layer films that were adsorbed on Vycor glass. The helium films adsorbed on the Vycor glass are known to be amorphous. This amorphous structure or strong interaction between helium and Vycor might have prohibited the appearance of superfluidity. Meanwhile, Day and Beamish observed a shear modulus increase in solid helium at low temperatures in 2007. This result brought a lot of interest because it showed remarkable similarities with the NCRI in the torsional oscillator experiments. Although the rotational inertia and the shear modulus are different physical quantities, they showed similarities in temperature dependence, drive amplitude dependence, frequency dependence, $^3He$ concentration dependence, hysteresis and dissipation. These similarities indicate that the two phenomena are closely related. It was suggested that the origin of the shear modulus increase was the dislocation pinning to $^3He$ impurities. To clarify the relationship between the NCRI and the shear modulus increase, two experiments have been performed. In the solid helium inside a narrow pores, it is ha...한국과학기술원 : 물리학과

Basic Research Lab for Smart Signal System Operation in the Era of Transition to Autonomous Vehicle

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