CNN-Siamese 네트워크를 활용한 문자 상표 발음 유사성 탐지

학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 산업공학과, 2022. 8. 조성준.Recently, as the number of registered trademarks has rapidly increased, research to determine trademark similarity based on machine learning has been actively con- ducted. Similarity of trademarks is judged based on shapes, meaning, and pronun- ciation. In the case of pronunciation, there is a limit in judging similarity because the standards for similarity are ambiguous and spellings do not correspond to pro- nunciation in many cases. On the other hand, the performance of converting text into speech has been remarkably improved due to the recent development of speech synthesis technology. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework that au- tomatically determines the pronunciation similarity of trademarks using speech data converted using speech synthesis technology. First, after synthesizing the trademark text into speech, it is converted into a log Mel spectrogram, and feature learning is performed through a convolutional neural network with a triplet loss. To compare the proposed method with previous studies, the trademark text dataset provided by AIhub was used, and our proposed method showed superior performance than the previous studies.최근 등록되는 상표의 수가 빠르게 증가함에 따라 기계학습을 기반으로 상표 유사성을 판단하려는 연구가 활발히 진행되어 왔다. 상표의 유사성은 도형, 관념, 발음을 기준으 로 판단되는데, 발음의 경우 유사함의 기준이 모호하며 철자가 발음에 대응되지 않는 경우가 많기 때문에 유사성을 판단하는데 한계가 존재한다. 한편, 최근 음성 합성 기술의 발달로 인해 텍스트를 음성으로 변환하는 성능이 눈에 띄게 향상하였다. 본 논문은 음 성합성기술을 활용하여 상표의 발음 유사성을 자동으로 판단하는 딥러닝 프레임워크를 제안한다. 먼저, 상표 텍스트를 음성으로 합성한 뒤, log Mel Spectrogram 으로 변환 하고 합성곱 신경망과 삼중항 손실을 통해 feature 학습을 진행한다. 제안하는 방법과 선행 연구를 비교하기 위해 AIhub 에서 제공하는 상표 텍스트 데이터셋을 활용하였고, 제안하는 방식이 선행 연구를 앞서는 것을 확인하였다.Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Related Work 5 Chapter 3 Proposed Method 8 3.1 Model Architecture 8 3.2 EvaluationMetric 12 Chapter 4 Datasets 14 4.1 Traindataset 14 4.2 Testdataset 15 4.3 Speechdataset 15 4.4 Preprocessing 15 Chapter 5 Experimental Results 18 5.1 Experiment1: Compare different input type 18 5.2 Experiment 2: Compare signal processing methods 19 5.3 Experiment3:Comparebackbonenetworks 20 5.4 Experiment4:Comparebaselinemodels 21 Chapter 6 Conclusion 23 Bibliography 25 국문초록 28 감사의 글 29석

Genomic and transcriptomic profiling reveal molecular characteristics of parathyroid carcinoma

Genomic and transcriptomic profiling has enhanced the diagnostic and treatment options for many cancers. However, the molecular characteristics of parathyroid cancer remain largely unexplored, thereby limiting the development of new therapeutic interventions. Herein, we conducted genomic and transcriptomic sequencing of 50 parathyroid tissues (12 carcinomas, 28 adenomas, and 10 normal tissues) to investigate the intrinsic and comparative molecular features of parathyroid carcinoma. We confirmed multiple two-hit mutation patterns in cell division cycle 73 (CDC73) that converged to biallelic inactivation, calling into question the presence of a second hit in other genes. In addition, allele-specific repression of CDC73 in copies with germline-truncating variants suggested selective pressure prior to tumorigenesis. Transcriptomic analysis identified upregulation of the expression of E2F targets, KRAS and TNF-alpha signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways in carcinomas compared to adenomas and normal tissues. A molecular classification model based on carcinoma-specific genes clearly separated carcinomas from adenomas and normal tissues, the clinical utility of which was demonstrated in two patients with uncertain malignant potential. A deeper analysis of gene expression and functional prediction suggested that Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) is a potential biomarker for CDC73-mutant parathyroid carcinoma, which was further validated through immunohistochemistry. Overall, our study revealed the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of parathyroid carcinoma and may help direct future precision diagnostic and therapeutic improvements.ope

TERT Promoter and BRAF V600E Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Single-Institution Experience in Korea

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation has been investigated for its clinical and prognostic significance in aggressive papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence, clinicopathologic features, and treatment outcomes of TERT mutation-positive PTCs along with the common BRAF V600E mutation. We performed mutational analyses for BRAF and the TERT promoter in thyroid cancer patients who had undergone surgery at our institution since 2019. We reviewed and analyzed 7797 patients with PTC in this study. The prevalence of BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations was 84.0% and 1.1%, respectively. Multifocal gene mutations in bilateral PTCs were identified. TERT promoter mutations were associated with older age, larger tumor size, tumor multifocality, tumor variants, advanced stages, more adjuvant radioactive iodine treatment (RAI), higher stimulated serum thyroglobulin level before RAI, and more uptakes in the regions outside the surgical field on a post-RAI whole-body scan. The coexistence of BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations exacerbated all clinicopathologic characteristics. The frequency of TERT promoter mutations was the lowest in this study, compared to previous studies. TERT promoter mutations consistently correlated with aggressive PTCs, and the synergistic effect of both mutations was evident. Specific clinical settings in our institution and in Korea may have led to these distinctive results. Prospective multicenter studies with longer follow-up periods are required to establish valuable oncologic outcomes.ope

장골 이식을 이용한 수직 이부 성형술 후의 장기간 결과

Dept. of Dentistry/박사[한글] 연구목적: 본 연구는 장골이식을 이용한 수직 증강 이부성형술의 장기간의 결과를 확인하기 위하여 이부에 이식된 골편의 안정성과 더불어 경조직과 연조직의 수술 후 변화를 조사하였다.연구방법: 본 연구는 장골이식을 이용한 수직 증강 이부성형술을 시행받은 23명의 환자에 대해 임상적 방사선학적 검사를 시행하였다. 수술 후 경조직과 연조직의 변화를 비교하기 위하여 수술전과 수술후 1개월, 수술 후 3개월, 수술 후 6개월, 그리고 수술 후 1년의 방사선사진을 채득하여 두부계측분석을 실시하였다. 안정성과 골편의 치유, 이식된 골편에 의한 부작용은 방사선 사진과 임상적 검사를 통하여 평가되었다.연구결과: 수술전과 수술 후 6개월의 계측분석을 비교한 결과 menton 부위에서 경조직의 수직적 증가량은 평균 4.2 mm 이었으며 같은 부위의 연조직의 증가량은 4.0 mm 이었다. 경조직과 연조직의 수직적 상관관계는 1: 0.94 의 높은 예측가능성을 보였다. 이부의 골편은 수술 후 안정성을 보였으며 수술 후 1개월에서 1년까지 연조직은 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 임상적 방사선학적 검사에서 이식된 장골 골편은 정상적인 골성결합을 보였으며 일반적으로 안정된 결과를 나타냈다.결론: 장골이식을 이용한 수직 증강 이부성형술은 경조직과 연조직의 변화가 예측 가능한 안정적인 술식이며 수술 후 이부의 연조직의 모양을 유지할 수 있는 방법이다. [영문]Objective. In order to clarify the clinical utility of the vertical height augmentation (VHA) genioplasty using autogenous iliac bone graft (IBG), this study examined the postsurgical changes in hard and soft tissues of the chin and the stability of the grafted bone.Study design. Twenty-three patients who had undergone VHA genioplasty using autogenous IBG were evaluated radiographically and clinically. A comparison study of the changes in hard to soft tissues after surgery in all 23 patients was performed with preoperative, 1-month, 3-months, 6-months, and/or 1-year postoperative lateral cephalograms by tracing. Stability, bone healing, and complication of the grafted bone was evaluated by follow-up roentgenograms and clinical observation.Results. Between the preoperative and 6-month postoperative tracings, an average vertical augmentation of the osseous segment was 4.2 mm at menton and that of the soft tissue menton was 4.0 mm. There was a high predictability of 1: 0.94 between the amounts of hard versus soft tissue changes with surgery in the vertical plane. The position of the genial bone segment was stable immediately after surgery and soft tissue was not changed significantly from 1 month to 1 year after operation. Clinical and radiological follow-up results of the iliac bone graft showed normal bony union and were generally stable.Conclusions. VHA genioplasty using IBG is a reliable method for predicting hard and soft tissue changes and for maintaining postoperative soft tissue of the chin after surgery.ope

Expression of UTX Indicates Poor Prognosis in Patients With Luminal Breast Cancer and is Associated With MMP-11 Expression

Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome (UTX) is involved in the epigenetic regulation. A previous mouse xenograft study revealed that UTX knockdown is associated with downregulated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-11 (MMP-11). The authors investigated 224 cases of breast cancer from Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center between 2000 and 2005. Nuclear UTX and cytoplasmic MMP-11 expressions were assessed using immunohistochemistry of tumor tissue microarray specimens. The relationships between the expression of UTX, MMP-11, and patients' outcomes were analyzed. UTX expression was significantly associated with high histologic grade, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion, and tumoral expression of MMP-11. Survival analysis revealed that patients with UTX expression had a poorer overall survival rate (P=0.010) as well as diminished disease-free survival rate (P=0.001). The prognostic power of UTX expression was significant in patients with luminal-type breast cancer (P=0.027, overall survival;P=0.008, disease-free survival). Validation of UTX can provide further prognostic information beyond traditional indicators and represents a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.restrictio

Correlation between wave loss patterns of spinal cord evoked potentials and locomotive outcome in the rat spinal cord injury

학위논문(박사) --서울대학교 대학원 :의학과 신경외과학전공,2008.2.Docto

훈련방법에 따른 남자대학 농구선수들의 근력 및 근파워 향상 비교

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :체육교육과,2001.Maste

트레드밀 운동이 흰쥐의 손상된 골격근에서 Heat Shock Protein 70과 Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase의 발현에 미치는 영향

Thesis(doctor`s)--서울대학교 대학원 :체육교육과,2007.Docto

공격적 특성을 가진 간세포암에서의 결합조직 성장 인자, 상피막 항원, 섬유아세포 활성화

Dept. of Medicine/석사Tumor behavior is affected by not only malignant tumor cells themselves, but also by stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with “stemness” reportedly exhibits fibrous stroma and aggressive behavior suggestive of tumor-stroma interaction. However, the activation mechanism thereof remains unclear. In the present study, the expressions of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and keratin 19 (K19) were studied in specimens taken from 314 cases of HCC (cohort 1), 42 cases of HCC with fibrous stroma (cohort 2), and 36 cases of chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological parameters in the HCC specimens were analyzed according to the expression status of CTGF, EMA, and FAP, respectively. The topographic expression patterns thereof were further assessed in the HCC specimens with fibrous stroma of cohort 2. CTGF and EMA expressions were detected in 15.3% (48/314) and 17.2% (54/314) of the HCCs of cohort 1, respectively. The expressions of CTGF and EMA were well correlated with each other (P = 0.001), and were significantly higher in HCCs with fibrous stroma, compared to those without (P = 0.028 and P = 0.003, respectively). K19 expression rate was significantly higher in HCCs with CTGF expression (17/48, P = 0.018). In HCCs with fibrous stroma, the expressions of CTGF, EMA, and FAP were noted in 40.5% (17/42), 40.5% (17/42), and 66.7% (28/42), respectively, and EMA expression was positively correlated with expressions of CTGF, K19, and FAP (P = 0.046, P = 0.026, and P = 0.020, respectively). EMA expression was found at the periphery of tumor nests in contact with fibrous stroma in 3 of 6 cases that exhibited large tumor nests, whereas it was rather diffuse in all 11 HCCs with small nests or that showed a trabecular pattern. CTGF expression rate was higher in large HCCs (≥ 5 cm), and FAP expression rate was higher in HCCs with vascular invasion (P = 0.030). Analysis of disease-free survival indicated CTGF expression as a worse prognostic factor in both cohort 1 (P = 0.005) and cohort 2 (P = 0.023), and EMA as a worse prognostic factor in HCCs with fibrous stroma (P = 0.048). Thus, we discerned that the expressions of CTGF, EMA, and FAP are important to the activation of CAFs and gain of “stemness” in HCC, giving rise to aggressive behavior. Frequent coexpression of EMA and FAP and their topographic expression patterns suggest possible cross-talk between epithelial cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment.ope

시간제약 조건을 가진 ROOM 행위자 모델의 성능 개선을 위한 쓰레드 기반 병행 수행구조의 설계

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :전기공학부,2000.Maste