임프란트와 인접 자연치 사이의 근심 접촉 소실에 관한 임상연구

Proximal contact loss between an adjacent natural tooth and fixed implant prosthesis can be experienced during treatment, especially in the case of posterior prostheses following implant placement. Since the implant prostheses are fixed in the jaw bone, contact loss is most likely caused by mesial migration of the anterior adjacent tooth. It could be considered that there is some reason beyond the natural mesial drift after implant prostheses delivery, since contact loss is not often observed in the natural dental arch. Food impaction caused by proximal contact loss frequently leads to patient discomfort and periodontal disease. According to Hua Wei(2008), occlusal force distribution, periodontal status, and masticatory habits affect proximal contact loss between the adjacent natural tooth and the fixed implant prosthesis. This study examined the records of patients who received implant treatment at the Department of Prosthodontics in Kangnam Severance Hospital. The ratio, period, and area of proximal contact loss were evaluated.ope

Short implant의 식립 후 1년간의 골흡수 비교연구

Based on the rapid progress made in research concerning implant fixture designs and surface treatments, modern implant treatments have progressed significantly and are now capable of overcoming anatomical limitations and ensuring a stable prognosis. But for cases where patients suffer severe alveolar bone loss in molar areas, many problems still exist. Therefore, short implants (less than 10mm in fixture length) are increasingly being accepted as an alternative option. In spite of the extensive number of studies reporting high success rates using short implants, there are still many risk factors, including 1) reduced bone-implant contact area and 2) reduced stress distribution around the implant fixture and 3) poor prognosis due to poor bone quality. The present study evaluated marginal bone changes in radiographic images of 40 single short implant cases selected from among 389 short implant cases installed in Yongdong Severance Dental Hospital from 2003. Comparisons with standard implants (more than 10mm in length) with 1-year follow up were performed. Additionally, the effects of crown-to-implant ratio in short implants were also evaluatedope

Surface Topography and Cleaning Procedures of Customized Abutment: A Literature Review

The surface characteristics of the dental implant abutment, which penetrates through the gingival mucosa and is exposed to the oral cavity, could play an important role in not only bacterial adhesion and stagnation but also biocompatibility. In fact, the presence of contaminants at the implant abutment connection has been suggested as a cause of associated tissue inflammation and activating factor for osteoclastogenesis. Nowadays, esthetic demands in implant dentistry are greatly increasing, thus the use of customized abutments is increasing noticeably. However, evidence for the quality of preparation on abutment surface topography is insufficient. The influence of the conventional cleaning procedures of customized implant abutments has not yet been investigated or verified as reliable. The purpose of the current review is to briefly describe and characterize the surface topography and cleanliness of customized abutment.ope

Reconstruction Procedures through Vestibuloplasty and Free Gingival Graft for Treating Peri-implantitis: 5-Year Follow-up

The immediate placement of dental implants has progressively gained popularity due to several advantages. However, the technique should be used only in specific situations because soft tissue complications, including mid-facial gingival recession, shallow buccal vestibule, insufficient keratinized gingiva, and consequent peri-implantitis, may occasionally occur. A clinical case is presented exhibiting crestal bone resorption, persistent inflammation, and progressive recession due to complications of immediate placement. Vestibuloplasty and free gingival graft were used to correct the soft tissue problems and provide optimal peri-implant health in order to increase the long-term prognosis of the implant reconstruction.ope

1-Piece Implant

Prosthodontic treatment using implants has many advantages in comparison with conventional treatment. However, it is reported that there are several complications associated with implants. They are divided into mechanical, biological, and esthetic aspects in prosthodontics. To overcome them, there have been numerous attempts such as a connection type of abutment-fixture, microthread, crestal module design, and abutment profile. Recently, one of the methods involves the development of a 1-piece implant. A 1-piece implant has many advantages in comparison with previous 2-piece implant. It is free of mechanical complications such as screw looseness, screw fracture, and fixture fracture. Also, in a biological aspect, absence of microgap, micromovement, and dis/reconnection of abutment leads to the stable maintenance of soft and hard tissue. However, 1-piece implants have limited indications. Selection of abutment is very strict and correction of the path is difficult after the installation of the fixture. Also, bone quality and primary stability are very important factors in 1-piece implants because it is based on immediate provisionalization. Although there are not many kinds of available 1-piece implants, one of the most well-known 1-piece implants is NobelDirect® (Nobel Biocare). However, clinical results of NobelDirect® are controversial and improvement is necessary. In most studies, it is reported that long term studies and improvements of implant design are required. Therefore, this research focuses on the advantages, design, clinical application and practical result of 1-piece implants.ope

Peri-Implant Bone Level Changes of Scalloped Implant: A Retrospective Radiographic Study

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate changes in the marginal bone level where a scalloped implant was placed as well as to evaluate the influencing factors, such as time of placement or area of placement. Materials and Methods: The participants of this study included patients who received a scalloped implant from April 2011 to October 2012 and visited the Department of Prosthodontics, Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital after over 12 months. The survival rate and changes of mesial and distal marginal bone levels were calculated. In addition, the factors influencing the marginal bone level were evaluated according to the time of placement, area of placement and time. Subsequently, a statistic analysis was performed using an independent t-test and a linear mixed model. The significant level was 95%. Results: Thirty-five patients with 43 scalloped implants were included in this retrospective study. Changes of marginal bone level were 0.34 mm mesially and 0.29 mm distally. There were no statistically significant differences among all of the influencing factors, except for time. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study suggests that the use of scalloped implant can be a predictable treatment option even in areas where mild dehiscence exists on the buccal plate.ope

The change of rotational freedom following different insertion torques in three implant systems with implant driver.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Implant drivers are getting popular in clinical dentistry. Unlike to implant systems with external hex connection, implant drivers directly engage the implant/abutment interface. The deformation of the implant/abutment interface can be introduced while placing an implant with its implant driver in clinical situations. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the change of rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment after application of different insertion torques. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three kinds of internal connection implants were utilized for the current study (4.5 × 12 mm Xive, 4.3 × 11.5 mm Inplant Magicgrip, 4.3 × 12 mm Implantium MF). An EstheticBase, a 2-piece top, a Dual abutment was used for its corresponding implant system. The rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment were measured before and after applying 45, 100 Ncm insertion torque. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Under 45 Ncm insertion torque, the rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment was significantly increased in Xive (P = .003). However, no significant change was noted in Inplant Magicgrip and Implantium MF. Under 100 Ncm torque, both in Xive (P = .0005) and Implatium MF (P = .03) resulted in significantly increased rotational freedom between the implant and its abutment. DISCUSSION: The design of the implant/implant driver interface effectively prevented the deformation of implant/abutment interface. Little change was noted in the rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment, even though the insertion torque was far beyond clinical application. CONCLUSIONS: The implant/abutment joint of internally connecting implants were quite stable under insertion torque in clinical situation.ope

Rehabilitation of edentulous maxilla with implant-supported milled bar overdenture using CAD/CAM customized abutment: A case report

In patients with fully edentulous maxilla, fabrication of implant-supported overdenture can be a viable treatment option, when a minimum of six implants were strategically placed. Among several attachment systems used for implant-supported overdentures, milled-bars prevent rotational movement of denture, thus showing great stability, and have the advantage of splinting multiple implants with each other. In this case report, a milled-bar supported overdenture was fabricated for a patient suffering from condition of fully edentulous maxilla with severe ridge resorption in the anterior residual ridge. Seven implants composed of three different systems were effectively utilized by CAD/CAM customized abutment and cement-retained milled bar.ope

(A) Study on sensitivity expression focusing on images in memory

예술작품이란 작가의 자기표현이다. 작가는 자신의 내면속에서 살아 움직이는 무언가를 시각적 이미지를 통해 형상화하고, 그것이 객관화되어 감상자에게 공감을 불러 일으킬 때 진정한 의미가 주어진다. 예술의 한 분야인 일러스트레이션은 그 의미가 현대에 와서 많이 변화하고 있다. 과거에는 일러스트레이션을 거의 예술이라고 생각하지 않았으며 그 해석 또한 위에서 언급한 예술의 정의와는 상당히 달랐다. 단지 전달내용을 시각적으로 보조하는 기능으로써 삽화·도안으로만 인식되어 온 것이다. 그러나 대중의 다변적인 욕구로 인하여 점점 작가의 자기표현의 매체로써 인식되기 시작하였다. 특정인이 아닌 대중에게 확실하게 내용을 전달하여야 한다는 점에서는 순수회화와 차이가 있지만 개성적이고 감각적 표현으로 사람들에게 공감을 얻어야하는 점에서는 이제는 하나의 독립된 예술장르인 것이다. 본 연구자는 이러한 일러스트레이션 개념의 변화에 따라 작가의 '자기 표현'에 관심을 갖게 되었다. 일러스트레이션에서는 자기표현을 함에 있어서 본인이 전달하고자하는 내용이 대중에게 잘 전달이 되는가의 문제를 떠나서는 생각할 수 없다. 전달되어지는 내용은 크게 '지적 내용'과 '감성적 내용'으로 나눌 수 있는데 이중 본인은 감성적 내용을 더욱 비중있게 표현함으로써 본인의 감성이 대중에게 전달되기를 바라는 것이다. 즉 일러스트레이션 매체를 통한 본인 자신의 표현 그 중에서도 '감성적 내용'의 표현에 대해 다루고자 한다. 감성이란 자극이나 자극의 변화에 대하여 감각이 일어나게 하는 능력으로 감수성을 의미하며 작가의 감정을 이루는 기본적 단계이다. 작가는 성장해오면서 매순간 경험을 하고 있으며 그런 속에서 자연스럽게 그 사람의 감성이 형성되는 것이다. 즉 감성은 그 사람의 경험의 세계를 떠나서는 생각할 수 없는 것이다. 따라서 막연하게 작업에 임하기 보다는 감성표현에 있어서 그 범위를 '본인의 유년시절의 기억'으로 좁혔다. 본 논문의 구성은 다음과 같다. Ⅱ장에서는 본 연구의 논리적 전제로써 먼저 표현에 대한 일반적인 고찰과 함께 범위를 좁혀 일러스트레이션에서의 표현을 알아보았고, 다음으로 표현의 내용에서는 커뮤니케이션의 일반적인 고찰과 함께 감성적 내용·이미지에 대해 살펴보았으며 표현의 방법에서는 작업시 부분적으로 사용된 대표적 이미지를 중심으로 해서 기본적인 시각 커뮤니케이션 방법에 대해 알아보았다. 다음으로는 이미지를 이루는 주요 요인인 기억에 대해 인지심리학 측면에서 살펴보았다. Ⅲ장에서는 감성표현의 사례를 살펴보았다. Ⅳ장에서는 작품제작 및 설명과 함께 이미지전개에 관한 설명을 하였다. 시각 표현에 있어서 본인의 유년시절의 기억은 다분히 주관적이다. 하지만 유년시절은 누구나 겪는 것이며, 사람마다 차이는 있겠지만 사람에게는 공통감각이라는 것이 있고 보편적으로 공통된 감정과 정서가 있기에 공감이 가능하리라 생각한다. 그러므로 단순히 본인만이 이해할 수 있는 작품이 아니라 보는 사람들 또한 자신의 경험과 상상력을 통해 충분히 '공감'이라는 효과를 얻을 수 있으리라 생각한다. 본 연구는 기억의 대표적인 이미지를 중심으로 본인 자신의 감성을 표현하고자 하였으며 더불어 개성적인 표현방법의 모색을 시도하고자 하였다. 또한 단순히 일방적인 전달이 아닌 공감을 통해 나의 감성을 함께 하고자 하였다.;An art work is the self-expression of an artist. An artist images her inner aspect, and is given a true meaning when it is objectified and draws appreciators sympathy. A field of art, illustration, has changed its meaning lately. It was recognized only as a cut or a design playing a role to visually support contents in the past, but gradually started to be acknowledged as a medium of an artist's self-expression. Illustration is different from pure painting in that it has to deliver contents to the masses, not specified people, but it is an independent art genre in that it has to get Sympathy with individualistic and sensitive expressions. I became interested in an artist's 'self-expression' according to the change of the meanings of illustration. In illustration, it is essential to think about the question if the contents she wants to deliver are well-recognized to the general public. Contents to be delivered can be divided into 'intellectual content', and 'emotional content', and I hope that my emotion will be well-transmitted to the masses by expressing emotional content with more gravity. Sensitivity is faculty which arouses senses to stimulation or its change, and it means susceptibility. It is also a basic stage of an artist's emotion. Sensitivity is inseparable from one's experience world. Accordingly, I narrowed the scope of sensitivity expression to 'the memory of my childhood'.patterns in marbling based on coincidence. The composition of this paper is as follows. In chapter Ⅱ, Ⅰ searched general consideration on expressions and expressions in illustration as a logical premise, and examined content and image with general facts about communication in the content of expression, and finally, in the method of expression, I looked at the basic method of visual communication with partly wed representative images. Also, Ⅰ examined an major element of composing image, memory, in terms of perception psychology. In chapter Ⅲ, Ⅰ treated some cases of sensitivity expression. In chapter Ⅳ, Ⅰ made an explanation about the production of work and its image process. The memory of my childhood is quite subjective in visual expression. However, everyone experiences childhood and I think people can sympathy with each other because there are common emotions among human beings. Therefore, I consider my work is not the one only I can understand but others also can have an effect of 'sympathy' through their experience and imagination. This study is intended to express my own sensitivity focusing on the representative image of memory, and group for individualistic expression methods. Also, I attempted to one-way delivery but also through sympathy.목차 논문개요 = ⅶ Ⅰ. 서론 = 1 A. 연구의 목적 = 1 B. 연구범위 및 방법 = 2 Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 4 A. 표현 = 4 1. 표현의 의미 = 4 2. 표현의 내용 = 7 3. 표현의 방법 = 10 B. 기억 = 12 Ⅲ. 감성표현의 사례 연구 = 15 Ⅳ. 작품제작 및 과정 = 22 A. 표현의 소재 = 22 B. 제작과정 = 24 C. 작품설명 = 27 Ⅴ. 결론 = 43 참고문헌 = 45 ABSTRACT = 4