Small Manufacturing Industry Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health Education and Occurrence of Industrial Accidents

본 연구는 산업안전보건공단 제9차 산업안전보건실태조사 원시자료를 이용하여 산업재해 발생 요인과 안전보건교육 실시요인을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 산업안전보건공단에서 2018년 조사한 제9차 산업안전보건실태조사 자료 중 제조업의 상시근로자가 50-99인인 사업장 1,210개이다. 본 연구는 고령자 분포, 외국인 분포, 여성 근로자 분포, 노동조합 유무, 안전보건관리조직 유무, 안전관리자 선임 형태, 사업주 관심, 안전보건교육실시 여부, 고용노동부 정책인지에 따른 산업재해 발생 여부를 분석하였다. 또한 안전관리자 선임 형태, 노동조합 유무, 사업주 관심, 고용노동부 정책인지, 산업재해 발생에 따른 안전보건교육실시에 대하여 분석하였다. 산업재해는 고령자 분포가 높은 군, 외국인 분포가 높은 군, 여성 근로자 분포가 낮은 군, 사업주 관심이 높은 군, 안전보건교육실시가 낮은 군에서 발생이 높았다. 안전보건에 대한 사업주 관심이 높은 군에서 산업재해 발생이 높아 예상과 다른 결과를 보였는데, 이는 사업주 관심도 조사 시점이 산업재해 발생 이후였기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 안전보건교육은 안전관리자 선임 형태가 전담인 경우, 사업주 관심이 높은 군, 고용노동부 정책인지가 높은 군에서 실시가 높았다. 결론적으로 안전보건교육 실시가 높은 군에서 산업재해 발생이 낮았고, 안전보건교육은 안전관리자 전담자가 있는 사업장, 사업주 관심이 높은 사업장, 고용노동부의 정책을 잘 인지하는 사업장이 실시를 잘하였다. 따라서 소규모 제조업 사업장은 정책활동을 통해 안전보건교육 실시를 높일 수 있고, 높은 교육실시는 산업재해 예방에 도움이 될 것이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of occupational accidents and safety and health education implementation factors using raw data of the 9th Occupational Safety and Health Survey by the Occupational Safety and Health Agency. The subject of this study is 1,210 workplaces with 50-99 full-time workers in the manufacturing industry among the data of the 9th Occupational Safety and Health Survey conducted in 2018 by the Occupational Safety and Health Agency. This study analyzed the occurrence of industrial accidents according to the distribution of the elderly, the distribution of foreigners, the distribution of female workers, the presence or absence of a labor union, the presence of a safety and health management organization, the type of safety manager appointment, the employer's interest, whether or not safety and health education was implemented, and whether or not the Ministry of Employment and Labor policy. In addition, the types of safety manager appointment, presence of labor union, employer interest, recognition of the Ministry of Employment and Labor policy, and safety and health education in accordance with the occurrence of industrial accidents were analyzed. The occurrence of occupational accidents was higher in the group with a high distribution of the elderly, a high distribution of foreigners, a low distribution of female workers, a high interest in employers, and a low safety and health education. It was expected that the incidence of industrial accidents would be low in the county where employers' interest in safety and health was high, but the opposite result was obtained. This is believed to be due to the fact that the survey on the interest of business owners was after the occurrence of an industrial accident. Safety and health education was highly conducted in the county where the employer's interest was high and the Ministry of Employment and Labor's policy awareness was high when the type of safety manager appointment was exclusive. In conclusion, the occurrence of occupational accidents was low in the county where safety and health education was high, and safety and health education was conducted well in workplaces with a dedicated safety manager, workplaces with high interest from employers, and workplaces that were well aware of the policies of the Ministry of Employment and Labor. Therefore, small-scale manufacturing workplaces can increase the implementation of safety and health education through policy activities, and high education will help prevent industrial accidents.open석

임신부의 치은염 이환에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

역학및질병관리학과/석사[한글] 이 연구는 한국인 임신부의 치은염 이환과 관련된 역학적인 요인을 알아보고자 실시되었다. 연구대상은 경기도에 소재한 안산시 보건소 모자보건실에 정기검진을 위하여 방문한 임신부 211명이었다. 치태지수, 치석지수, 치은염지수를 이용하여 임신부의 치은염 이환정도를 측정하고, 설문지를 이용하여 구강보건지식, 구강보건행동, 구강위생용품 사용 등을 조사하였다. 통계 분석은 SAS pakage program을 이용하여 빈도분석(frequency), T - test, 분산분석(ANOVA), 상관관계(correlation), 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysi s)을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 총 임신부의 치태지수의 평균지수 1.1, 치석지수의 평균지수 1.1, 치은염지수의 평균지수는 1.5이며, 이 세 지수들간에는 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 인구사회학적 요인에서 소득이 높아질수륵 치은염지수가 감소하였고, 임신전 간식횟수가 증가할수록 치석지수, 치은염지수도 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 셋째, 임신말기에 치은염지수가 가장 높았고, 임신초기, 임신중기 순으로 낮아졌으며, 치석지수도 같은 경향을 보였다. 네째, 구강보건지식도가 높을수록 치태지수, 치석지수가 감소하였으며, 통계학적으로 유의한 관계를 보였다. 다섯째, 구강건강행동으로는 저녁 식후 잇솔질에서 닦는다는 응답자의 경우 치석지수가 유의하게 감소하였고, 5년 이내 치과의료기관에 방문경험이 있는 응답자에서 치태지수, 치석지수, 치은염지수가 유의하게 감소하였으며, 치면세마에서는횟수가 증가할수륵 치은염지수가 감소하였다. 보철물 장착후 잇몸의 악화를 느끼지 못한다는 응답자에서 치석지수, 치은염지수가 유의하게 감소하였다. 여섯째, 구강위생용품으로는 이쑤시개를 사용하지 않는다는 응답자에서 치석지수, 치은염지수가 유의하게 감소하였고, 치태지수도 같은 경향을 보였으며, 식후 껌 저작을 하지 않는다는 응답자에서 치석지수가 유의하게 증가하몄으며, 치은염지수도 유사한 경향을 보 였다. 치실을 사용하는 응답자에서는 치석지수가 유의하게 감소함을 보였으며 치은염지수도 같은 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 치태지수, 치석지수 및 치은염지수와 관련있는 요인으로는 임신전 간식횟수, 임신시기, 5년이내 치과방문 경험 여부, 보철물 장착후의잇몸 악화 여부, 이쑤시개 사용 여부 및 식후 껌 저작 등이 유의하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 임신부의 치은염 이환의 요인으로써 임신부의 임신 전후 구강관련 행위가 중요함을 제시하고 있다. [영문] The purpose of this study was to analyse the factor of gingivitis among pregnant women. The subjects of this study were 211 expectant mothers visiting at mother-child health center belonging to the public health center in Ansan, Kyoungki province. Plaque index, caucus index, and gingivitis index were used in order to measure the level of gingivitis among pregnant women. Knowledge and behavior about oral health and use of goods for oral hygiene were surveyed with a questionnaire. In this analysis ShS pakage program were employed. The results of analysis were as following: 1. The average index of plaque index was 1.1, that of caucus index was 1.1, and that of gingivitis index was 1.5. There was a significant correlation among three indices. 2. Gingivitis index was reduced as an income was increased and it was lessened as frequency of eating between main meals was increased. 3. The third trimester of gestation period had the highest gingivitis index and the second trimester had the lowest index. Callus index also showed the sameresults. 4. Plaque index and calcus index were lowered as the score of knowledge about oral health were high. It showed the statistically sigpigicant difference. 5. Caucus index of respondents who said to brush their teeth after dinner were clearly lessened. Those who had experiences of visiting dental clinic for the past 5 years had a remarkably low plaque index, calaus index, and gingivitis indexis. And the increase of scaling frequency makes gingivitis index decrease. The respondents to say that gingiva didn't get worse after setting dental prosthesis show that callus index and gingivitis index were obviously cutback. 6. The respondents not to use toothpicks as things for oral hygiene had a low caucus index, gingivitis index, plaque index and subjects not to chew gum after meals display a higher calcus index and gingivitis indexis. In addition calaus index and gingivitis index of the respondents who use a dental floss were significantly decreaased. In conclusion, there were some factors which influence plaque index, caucus index and gingivitis index : the frequency of having a snack before pregnancy, the time of having a baby, experiences of visiting dental clinic for the past 5 years. the level of gingival state after setting dental crown, whether toothpicks are used or not, chewing gum after meals and so on. These were also elements that can factors of gingivitis to pregnant women. It was noted that behaviors for oral health during perinatal period are important.restrictio

Population pharmacokinetics and analgesic potency of fentanyl in surgical patients

Background: We aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of fentanyl in surgical patients and to determine the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and minimum effective analgesic concentration (MEAC) of intravenous fentanyl in patients after major abdominal open surgery. We also calculated the equianalgesic concentration ratio of oxycodone to fentanyl by using the median MEAC value of oxycodone observed in our previous study. Methods: In the pharmacokinetic study, patients received an intravenous bolus of 100 g fentanyl during operation, and arterial blood was sampled at pre-set intervals. In the analgesic-potency study, patients were asked to rate their pain every 10 min using a visual analogue scale (0 = no pain, 10 = most severe pain) in the postanesthesia care unit. The first blood sample was obtained when wound pain was rated as ≥ 3 at rest and ≥ 5 during compression. Then, 50 g fentanyl was administered every 10 min until the pain intensity had decreased to < 3 at rest and < 5 during compression, at which point the second blood was sampled and the 1st MEAC of fentanyl was measured. The same procedure was repeated to obtain a third sample (MEC) and fourth sample (2nd MEAC). Results: In the population pharmacokinetic study (n = 30), the plasma concentration of fentanyl over time was well-described by the three-compartment mammillary model using an allometric expression. In the analgesic-potency study (n = 30), the median MEC was 0.72 ng/ml, and the MEACs were 0.97 ng/ml and 1.04 ng/ml at 1st and 2nd measurement, respectively. Conclusion: These results provide a scientific basis for the use of fentanyl for acute postoperative pain management in surgical patients. The equianalgesic concentration ratio and equipotent ratio of oxycodone to fentanyl were 75:1 and 100:1, respectively.Docto

Prognostic factors for relapse and survival among patients with ocular adnexal lymphoma: validation of the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM classification

Background/Aims To validate the prognostic performance of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) eighth edition classification for ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL). Methods We performed a retrospective review of 140 consecutive patients treated for primary OAL between March 2010 and September 2017. Associations between T/N/M categories at presentation and disease-related outcomes, including relapse, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Results Seventy-nine women and 61 men (median age, 52 (range 20-84) years; median follow-up, 57 (range 7-131) months) were included. Histological subtypes included mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (92.1%, n=129), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (5.0%, n=7), follicular lymphoma (1.4%, n=2) and mantle cell lymphoma (1.4%, n=2). Patients with >= T2 disease had significantly higher risks of overall relapse (unadjusted HR)=4.32, p=0.016), decreased PFS (uHR=5.19, p=0.004) and decreased OS (uHR=9.21, p=0.047). Patients with >= N1 disease had significantly higher risks of overall relapse (uHR=9.17, p<0.001) and decreased PFS (uHR=9.24, p<0.001). M1 disease was significantly associated with higher risks of overall relapse (uHR=3.62, p=0.036), decreased PFS (uHR=5.13, p=0.001) and decreased OS (uHR=9.24, p=0.013). On considering TNM categories as continuous data, the uHRs for per level increase in T, N and M categories were 1.77, 1.83 and 2.30 for overall relapse and 1.72, 1.87 and 2.78 for decreased PFS, respectively (p<0.05 for each comparison). Conclusion The T, N and M categories of the AJCC eighth edition classification have prognostic value for relapse and survival among patients with primary OAL. Particularly, nodal/metastatic involvement at presentation indicated less favourable outcome

Comparison among key management schemes over wireless sensor network for surveillance reconnaissance and critical infrastructure monitoring application

본 연구는 국방과학연구소의 민군겸용기술사업(Dual Use Technology Program) 지원으로 수행하였습니다