Asymmetric Syntheses of Naturally Occurring Bioactive β-Amino Alcohols

天然产物是新药的重要来源。手性邻氨基醇是一类存在于许多天然产物和药物中的重要化合物，不仅具有包括抗癌活性在内的重要生理活性，还常在不对称合成中用作手性辅助基。但是这类化合物在自然界的含量有限，所以建立一个通用的简洁的不对称合成方法显得十分重要。从海鞘类生物Clavelinaoblonga中采集到的(2S,3R)-2-氨基十二碳-3-醇（I）具有非常优良的抗真菌活性。(2S,3R)-2-氨基十四碳-3-醇（xestoaminolC，II）是1990年Jiménez和Crews从斐济海绵体Xestospongia的代谢物中提取的，是一种逆转录酶抑制剂，同时具有广谱抗寄生虫活性和抗菌活性。(2S,3...Natural products are important source for new drugs. Chiral vicinal amino alcohols constitute an important class of compounds which exist in many bioactive natural products and medicinal agents. They exhibit various bioactivities including anticancer activity, and also serve as versatile chiral auxiliaries in the asymmetric synthesis. However, they only exist in minute amount in the nature. Thus i...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_有机化学学号：20042504

Study on the System of Spouse'right of Inheritance

配偶是共同生活的伴侣，配偶关系是家庭关系的核心和基础，因此，现代法律越来越多地关注配偶关系的稳定及配偶权益的保护。当今世界，不论是大陆法系国家，还是英美法系国家，均对配偶继承权作出特别而具体的规定。在我国民法典正在制定的背景下，探讨配偶继承权制度，对完善我国的继承法更具有重要的理论与现实意义。除引言和结束语外，全文共分三章。第一章配偶继承权制度的历史沿革和基础理论。综合分析，配偶继承权的不断提高和强化是各国继承立法的发展趋势，配偶，特别是女性配偶，由几乎没有继承权到有条件享有继承权再到无条件享有继承权，这是男女平等思想不断发展的产物。配偶继承权源于合法的婚姻关系，这是配偶享有继承权的先决条件，...Spouse is the partner of common life, and is the core and basis of family relation, so the stability of spouse relation and the protection of spouse right are being paid attention to in modern law more and more. At present, almost all countries have specifically stipulated spouse s right of inheritance, despite their legal systems. The study on the spouse’ right of inheritance takes utmost importa...学位：法学硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学)学号：X200512002

Ultraviolet Photodetector Based on ZnO Films

利用射频磁控溅射技术在SiO2/n-Si衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜,并在薄膜上制作了Ag-ZnO肖特基二极管和Ag-ZnO-Ag肖特基MSM叉指结构的紫外探测器。所制备的ZnO薄膜具有良好的c轴择优取向,表面平整,在可见光范围具有较高的透射率,吸收边在370 nm附近;所制作的肖特基二极管显示了良好的整流特性,有效势垒高度约为0.65 eV;所制作的MSM紫外探测器在5 V偏压下漏电流为3.3×10-8A,在紫外波段有较高的响应度,光响应度峰值在365 nm附近。The ZnO films were deposited on SiO2/n-Si by RF magnetron sputtering.ZnO Schottky diodes and the interdigital metal-semiconductor-metal(MSM) ultraviolet(UV) photodetectors were fabricated by using Ag as Schottky contact metal.The ZnO films have a preferential c-axis orientation and smooth surface.The films exhibit a high transmittance in visible region and have sharp fundamental absorption edge at about 370 nm.The Schottky diodes exhibit the distinct rectifying characteristics.The barrier height of Ag-ZnO Schottky contacts is about 0.65 eV.I-V characteristics of the MSM photodetector indicates that the leakage current is 33 nA at a bias of 5V.The photoresponsivity of the detector is high in the ultraviolet range and has a maximum value near by 365 nm.国家科技部973计划课题资助(2001CB610506,2002CB211807);; 福建省科技重点项目资助(2005H043);; 厦门大学科技项目资助(XMKJCX200510125

Preparation and Characterization of Electro-catalyst of Surface Alloy Supported on Glassy Carbon

以玻碳为载体 ,通过电化学方法在其表面沉积催化物质研制表面合金纳米电催化剂 (Surfacealloy/GC)。运用电化学循环伏安 (CV)和扫描电镜 (SEM)等技术进行结构和性能表征。结果表明 ,在Surfacealloy/GC上氢的析出电位负移至 - 0 40V(SCE) ,与Pt电极相比负移约 15 0mV ,具有较高的电还原应用价值。另外 ,Surfacealloy/GC的氧化电位正移至 0 64V ,其稳定性明显高于电有机合成中常用的Pb、Sb、Cu等金属电极。SEM研究结果表明 ,所研制的Surfacealloy/GC电催化剂是一种由粒度约为 70nm的纳米颗粒合金组成的薄膜Electro-catalysts of surface alloy supported on glassy carbon (GC) were prepared by electrochemical codeposition method. Structures and properties of these electro-catalysts were studied through techniques of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results demonstrated that the onset potential of hydrogen evolution on the surface alloy/GC was postponed to -0.40V,i.e.,negatively shifted by 150 mV in comparison with that of hydrogen evolution on a platinum electrode. In addition, the oxidization potential of the surface alloy/GC was positively shifted to above 0.64V, which is much higher than the oxidization potential of Pb and Sb metal electrodes. This indicates that the stability of the surface alloy/GC electrode is higher than that of Pb, Sb and Cu metal electrodes usually employed in organic electrosynthesis.The results of characterization by SEM have converged to illustrate that the surface alloy film is composed of nano-particles of about 70 nanometers in regular distribution.厦门市科技攻关项目基金资助 (35 0 2Z2 0 0 1);; 福建省自然科学基金资助 (E9910 0 0 3);; 国家自然科学基金 (2 98330 60 ,2 0 0 2 10 0 2 )资

Reduction of Oxalic Acid on Surface Alloy/GC Electrode Studied by Using CV and in situ FTIR Spectroscopy

采用自行研制的碳载表面合金电催化材料 (Surfacealloy/GC)作为研究电极 ,通过电化学方法和电化学原位FTIR反射光谱等技术 ,对该催化剂在电有机合成中的性能进行研究。结果表明 :所研制的Surfacealloy/GC对草酸的加氢还原表现出很高的电催化活性 ,草酸的还原电位为 - 0 .40V ,与通常用的阴极铅材料相比 ,正移约6 0 0mV ;电化学原位FTIR反射光谱研究结果指出 ,草酸的还原产物主要为乙醛酸 ,表明该电极在较低的过电位下就能还原草酸生成乙醛酸。Reduction of oxalic acid on electrode of surface alloy supported on glassy carbon was studied by using cyclic voltammetry and in situ FTIR spectroscopy.The results demonstrated that the surface alloy exhibited a high electrocatalytic activity towards oxalic acid reduction.The over potential of oxalic acid reduction was significantly reduced by about 600 mV in comparison with that measured on a Pb cathode that was used industrially for the reduction. The main reduction product identified by using in situ FTIR spectroscopy was glyoxylic acid,indicating that the surface alloy/GC electrode exhibited an excellent selectivity for glyoxylic acid in oxalic acid reduction.厦门市科技攻关项目基金资助 ( 35 0 2Z2 0 0 1) ;; 福建省自然科学基金资助 (E9910 0 0 3) ;; 国家自然科学基金资助 ( 90 2 0 6 0 39,2 0 0 2 10 0 2 )~

Effect of antibiotic standardized management on prophylactic application of antimicrobial agents in type Ⅰ and Ⅱ incision

目的探讨抗菌药物规范化管理对Ⅰ、Ⅱ类切口中抗菌药物预防应用情况的影响。方法选取厦门大学附属第一医院实施《抗菌药物临床应用管理办法》和《2013年全国抗菌药物临床应用专项整治活动方案》前临床外科有效手术病例250份和实施后临床外科有效手术病例200份,病例中Ⅰ类切口手术选取疝修补手术和甲状腺手术,Ⅱ类切口手术选取剖宫产手术,收集患者手术以及抗菌药物用药等基本情况,统计比较抗菌药物规范化管理和整顿前后患者术前抗菌药物使用率、手术期间抗菌药物给药时间选择、术后应用抗菌药物时间变化以及联合用药情况。结果本院经整顿后,符合抗菌药物应用规范和标准的有:甲状腺手术抗菌药物使用率为0和术后停药时间在1d内;3种手术(疝修补手术、甲状腺手术、剖宫产手术)均无联合用药情况。整顿后抗菌药物应用改善明显但仍然没有达到抗菌药物应用规范和标准的有:疝修补手术患者抗菌药物使用率为62.00%,高于抗菌药物应用规范中30%的标准;疝修补手术患者术后停用抗菌药物时间为(1.01±0.15)d,超过1 d的标准;孕妇剖宫产手术术后停药时间为(2.02±0.25)d,超过2 d的标准。结论医院加强抗菌药物应用管理和加强抗菌药物应用规范化的整治,可以促进外科Ⅰ、Ⅱ类切口中抗菌药物应用的规范化,提高医院抗菌药物应用管理质量。Objective To investigate effect of antibiotic standardized management on prophylactic application of antimicrobial agents in type I andⅡ incision.Methods The hospital implemented the rule of Clinical Use of Antibiotics Management Approach and 2013 National Clinical Use of Antibiotics Special Rectification Program of Activities,200 clinical surgery effective surgical cases before implementation and 250 clinical surgical effective surgical cases after implementation were selected.The thyroid surgery and hernia repair surgery were chosen as type I incision,and cesarean section were chosen as type Ⅱ incision.The basic data of surgery classification and antibacterials use were collected,then the antibiotics utilization ratio,the timing of administration of antibiotics,postoperative use of antibiotics time and combination therapy were compared between pre-implementation and postimplementation.Results The condition in accordance with applicable standards of antibiotics post-implementation: the antibiotics utilization ratio of thyroid surgery was 0 and post-operative stopping time was within one day.There was no combination therapy of three types surgery( thyroid surgery,hernia repair surgery and cesarean section).The application of antimicrobial agents improved significantly but did not reach criteria: antibiotics utilization ratio of hernia repair surgery was 62.00%,which was higher than the criterion of 30% in antibiotic standardized management.Withdrawal time of antimicrobial agents post-operation in hernia repair surgery was( 1.01 ± 0.15) d which was above the standard of 1d and in cesarean section was( 2.02± 0.25) d which was above the standard of 2d.Conclusion The hospital strengthens management and standardizd regulation of antimicrobial drugs could facilitate standardization in type I and Ⅱ incision,and improve the quality of hospital medication administration of antibiotics

Application of Ion Chromatography to Electrooxidation Process of Glyoxal

基于离子色谱原理,成功地研发出一种适用于乙二醛电氧化过程主要物种快速检测的新技术。研究表明,该技术不仅具有设备简便,检测快速灵敏和选择性高等优势,而且还能实现同时测定多种组分的目的。检测灵敏度小于0 5mg/L,保留时间、峰高、峰面积的变异系数均小于2%;对各物种回收率的检测结果为97%～103%。离子色谱电导检测技术的成功研发为乙二醛电氧化过程物种的实时、快速检测提供了便捷的分析手段,这对电合成体系的生产指导和过程评价具有重要意义。Based on ion chromatography theory,a new technology has been developed to separate and determine glyoxal and glyoxylic acid which are the main substances in the electrooxidation of glyoxal to glyoxylic acid.Experimental results demonstrated that this technology exhibits not only the advantages such as simple equipment,high sensitivity and high selectivity,but also the performation of determining simultaneously a mixture of several substances.The detecting sensitivity is less than 0.5 mg/L and the coefficients of variation of retention time,peak height and peak area outperform two percent.The recoveries of the detected substances are all ranged between 97% and 103%.Ion chromatography with a conductivity detector was successfully used as a convenient analytical means for the speedy and simultaneous detection in the process of glyoxal electrooxidation.This may be of importance in the guidance and evaluation for the electrosynthesis system.厦门市科技攻关项目基金资助(3502Z2001);; 国家自然科学基金资助(90206039

A trial manufacturing of a fundus perimeter by which the target automatically pursue eye movement

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 基盤研究(A)研究期間: 1995～1997課題番号: 07557262研究代表者: 可児 一孝（滋賀医科大学・医学部・教授）研究分担者: 稲富 昭太（滋賀医科大学・医学部・名誉教授）研究分担者: 山出 新一（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助教授）研究分担者: 西田 保裕（滋賀医科大学・医学部・講師）研究分担者: 永田 啓（滋賀医科大学・医学部・講師）研究分担者: 中村 二郎（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 黄野 桃世（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 吉田 健一（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 林 理（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手）研究分担者: 山田 重喜（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手