Genetic Analysis and QTL Mapping Reasearch of Appearance Quality Traits in indica Rice

稻米的品质主要包括外观品质、加工品质、营养品质、蒸煮和食用品质，其中外观品质是稻米商品品质的第一要素，直接影响稻米的商品价值。稻米的外观品质性状主要包括粒长、粒宽、长宽比、垩白和透明度等性状。本研究利用佳辐占和明恢86构建的一个RIL（F7）群体，对稻米的外观品质性状进行分子遗传学研究，以研究佳辐占在品种杂交过程中的遗传规律，指导杂交组合的亲本选择；并用SSR分子标记技术对佳辐占优质品质性状基因进行初步QTL定位分析，期望能够在每一个性状上获得若干个位置精确可靠的QTL，为下一步的基因精细定位和分子标记辅助育种工作奠定基础。主要研究结果如下：以优质常规稻佳辐占为父本，明恢86为母本，构建的RI...Rice traits mainly include appearance traits, milling traits, nutrition traits and cooking traits. Appearance trait is the first elements of rice commercial quality, which could directly affect commercial values. Rice appearance trait is mainly referred to grain length （GL）, grain width （GW）, ratio of length and width （L/W）, chalkiness （CH） and grain weight （WE）. In this paper, we conducted molecu...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_微生物学学号：20022603

关于漆画《旧时光》的创作

漆画是以大漆为主要媒介材料进行绘画创作的。作为一种艺术形式,漆画独特的画面效果、丰富的肌理,激起了我们对漆画艺术的热情与喜爱。在创作《旧时光》时,我们尝试过用很多材料来表达,但一直不大理想。直到以漆入画,画面由漆的质感呈现时,我知道,对路了!漆画对于我们而言,感觉是那么的亲切,又那么的陌生。为何这样说呢？亲切是因为学院的一楼就是研究生的

引入保险机制的工程质量风险管理模式研究——国外的经验及对我国的启示

对国外建设工程质量风险管理的运行模式进行了研究,分析了我国目前工程质量管理模式存在的问题,借鉴法国工程质量风险管理的经验,研究了引入保险机制的建设工程质量风险管理运行模式,以供我国政府决策部门和工程质量风险管理试点城市参考,该模式将促进建筑工程质量的提高,能很好地解决我国工程质量风险管理中现存的一些难题

Discussion about problems concerning design of compaction by blasting in the code

以试验数据为依据,对爆破排淤填石的机理深入分析,进而剖析爆破设计参数的内涵,并对其不足之处进行讨论,通过算例结果指出设计参数的适用情况,供工程技术人员在设计、施工时参考

Analysis of Epistatic and QE Interaction Effects of QTLs for Grain Shape in Rice

本研究利用基于明恢86x佳辐占水稻重组自交系(rECOMbInAnT InbrEd lInE,rIl)构建的SSr遗传图谱,总标记数为131。联合两季的稻米粒长(gl)、粒宽(gW)、长宽比(l/W)表型数据,应用混合线性模型方法进行QTl定位,并作加性效应、上位效应以及加性QTl、上位性QTl与环境(QTl-by-EnVIrOnMEnT,QE)的互作效应分析。检测到粒长、粒宽和长宽比的加性效应QTlS分别为6个、4个和4个,贡献率分别为23.67%、21.41%和25.78%;检测到8对粒长的上位性QTlS,5对粒宽的上位性QTlS,2对长宽比的上位性QTlS,贡献率分别为16.75%、22.36%和7.55%;环境互作检测中,发现共有9个加性QTlS和7对上位性QTlS与环境发生了互作。结果表明,上位效应在粒形性状的遗传与加性效应一样起了重要作用,环境互作效应对粒形性状有一定的影响。A linkage map consisting of 131 markers was constructed by using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the indica-indica rice cross Minghui86×Jiafuzhan.Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) was located with a mixed linear model (QTLmapper1.6) based on the grain shape parameters such as grain length (GL), grain width (GW) and length-width ratio (L/W), and made analysis of additive effects, epistatic, and the interaction effects of QTL-by-environment (QE).Six, four and four QTLs were detected to have significant additive effects for GL, GW and L/W, and the contribution rate were 23.67%、21.41% and 25.78%, respectively.Eight, five and two pairs of epistatic QTLs with significant additive-by-additive (AA) interaction effects were identified for three traits, and the contribution rate were 16.75%、22.36% and 7.55%, respectively.Significant QE interactions were found for nine additive QTLs and seven pairs of epistatic QTLs.The results indicated that the epistatic effects played an important role on the inheritance of grain shape, and the environmental factor had certain effects on the three traits.福建省自然科学基金项目(X0750053);厦门大学科技创新计划项目(XDKJCX20063004)共同资

Analysis of Epistatic and QE Interaction Effects of QTL Controlling Heading Date in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

抽穗期是水稻的重要农艺性状,深入了解其遗传效应对水稻育种实践具有重要现实意义。本研究利用基于明恢86×佳辐占、广陆矮×佳辐占两个重组自交系构建的SSR遗传图谱,应用混合线性模型方法对2003年晚季和2005年早季获得的两季水稻抽穗期数据进行QTL定位,并作加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。两个群体共检测到10个控制抽穗期的QTL,分别位于1、2、3、6、7和10号染色体上,仅qHD10(广佳重组自交系中为qHD10-1)在两个群体中同时检测到,另检测到11对具有上位效应的互作位点,其中有5个是加性效应显著的QTL。环境互作检测中,发现明佳重组自交系的qHD10和广佳重组自交系的qHD7与环境存在显著互作,贡献率分别为0.34%和2.32%。本研究表明:两群体的抽穗期性状的遗传受环境因素影响较小,特别是明佳组合,较适合作为分子辅助育种的研究材料。Heading date (HD) is an important agronomic trait in rice, and detailed understanding of HD's genetic effects is significant for rice breeding practice. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) controlling HD of rice in different seasons and environments was analyzed using two Recombination Inbred Lines (RIL) respectively derived from crosses of Minghui86 × Jiafuzhan (MJ) and Guangluai × Jiafuzhan (GJ) by mixed linear model approach. 10 QTL with additive effects for HD were mapped in the chromosome 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 10 totally, and the qHD10 (qHD10-1 as in GJ-RIL) was mapped in both RIL. 22 QTL with epistatic effects for HD in these two RIL were detected, and 5 of them were QTL with additive effects. QTL× environment interaction was detected on qHD10 in MJ and qHD7 in GJ, each explain the phenotypic variation of HD with 0.34% and 2.32%. This demonstrates that QTL× environment interaction has minor influence to HD in these two RIL, and they are suitable for Molecular marker-assisted breeding, specially to MJ population

中国物理海洋学研究70年：发展历程、学术成就概览

本文概略评述新中国成立70年来物理海洋学各分支研究领域的发展历程和若干学术成就。中国物理海洋学研究起步于海浪、潮汐、近海环流与水团,以及以风暴潮为主的海洋气象灾害的研究。随着国力的增强,研究领域不断拓展,涌现了大量具有广泛影响力的研究成果,其中包括:提出了被国际广泛采用的"普遍风浪谱"和"涌浪谱",发展了第三代海浪数值模式;提出了"准调和分析方法"和"潮汐潮流永久预报"等潮汐潮流的分析和预报方法;发现并命名了"棉兰老潜流",揭示了东海黑潮的多核结构及其多尺度变异机理等,系统描述了太平洋西边界流系;提出了印度尼西亚贯穿流的南海分支(或称南海贯穿流);不断完善了中国近海陆架环流系统,在南海环流、黑潮及其分支、台湾暖流、闽浙沿岸流、黄海冷水团环流、黄海暖流、渤海环流,以及陆架波方面均取得了深刻的认识;从大气桥和海洋桥两个方面对太平洋–印度洋–大西洋洋际相互作用进行了系统的总结;发展了浅海水团的研究方法,基本摸清了中国近海水团的分布和消长特征与机制,在大洋和极地水团分布及运动研究方面也做出了重要贡献;阐明了南海中尺度涡的宏观特征和生成机制,揭示了中尺度涡的三维结构,定量评估了其全球物质与能量输运能力;基本摸清了中国近海海洋锋的空间分布和季节变化特征,提出了地形、正压不稳定和斜压不稳定等锋面动力学机制;构建了"南海内波潜标观测网",实现了对内波生成–演变–消亡全过程机理的系统认识;发展了湍流的剪切不稳定理论,提出了海流"边缘不稳定"的概念,开发了海洋湍流模式,提出了湍流混合参数化的新方法等;在海洋内部混合机制和能量来源方面取得了新的认识,并阐述了混合对海洋深层环流、营养物质输运等过程的影响;研发了全球浪–潮–流耦合模式,推出一系列海洋与气候模式;发展了可同化主要海洋观测数据的海洋数据同化系统和用于ENSO预报的耦合同化系统;建立了达到国际水准的非地转(水槽/水池)和地转(旋转平台)物理模型实验平台;发展了ENSO预报的误差分析方法,建立了海洋和气候系统年代际变化的理论体系,揭示了中深层海洋对全球气候变化的响应;初步建成了中国近海海洋观测网;持续开展南北极调查研究;建立了台风、风暴潮、巨浪和海啸的业务化预报系统,为中国气象减灾提供保障;突破了国外的海洋技术封锁,研发了万米水深的深水水听器和海洋光学特性系列测量仪器;建立了溢油、危险化学品漂移扩散等预测模型,为伴随海洋资源开发所带来的风险事故的应急处理和预警预报提供科学支撑。文中引用的大量学术成果文献(每位第一作者优选不超过3篇)显示,经过70年的发展,中国物理海洋学研究培养了一支实力雄厚的科研队伍,这是最宝贵的成果。这支队伍必将成为中国物理海洋学研究攀登新高峰的主力军

The Design and Implementation of Generic Item Bank Management and Test System Based on C/S Model

计算机技术的迅速发展，极大地改变了常规的教学方式与手段。作为衡量教学效果的“考试”，其形式与内容也在发生着巨大的变化，传统的考试方式由于存在着诸多弊端越来越不能适应现代考试的需要，新一代完全计算机化的考试方法正逐渐成为今后考试方式的主流。本文分析了当前无纸化考试系统的不足，提出了一种通用型考试系统的构想，并对其进行了初步实现，文中详细介绍了项目需求、分析、设计和实现的全过程，总结了该系统的性能特点，并重点就设计与实现中的一些关键技术进行了详细论述。本文第一章列举了无纸化考试系统的种种优势，分析了当前考试系统现况，提出了构建通用型无纸化考试系统的优势及实现中的难点。第二章重点分析了通用考试系统的...The general teaching has been so much changed just because of the rapiddeveloping of the computer technology. It is the weigh of the teaching effect thathas much change of its form and content. The tradirional teaching has muchproblem that it can not accommodate the need of modern examination. Theexamination which completely using computer is now becoming orthodox of oursociety. This article anal...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院计算机科学系_计算机应用技术学号：X20012803

Study on Epistatic and Q×E Effects of QTLs for Indica Head Milled Ratio

利用所构建的明恢86×佳辐占重组自交系(RIL),采用混合线性模型和复合区间作图法(CIM),对不同年份不同季节获得的整精米率性状(HR)进行QTL定位及上位性和环境互作(Q×E)效应分析.检测到2个控制HR的加性效应QTL,分别位于第2、7染色体上的RM154-RM485和RM248-RM234区间,贡献率分别为1.92%、7.85%,总贡献率为9.78%.另检测到3对上位性效应区间,其中只有位于第4号染色体上的RM335-RM518区间和第6号染色体上的RM340-RM439区间互作贡献率为3.66%,其余两对的贡献率为0.环境效应检测中发现,两加性效应QTL与环境互作的贡献率分别为5.70%、8.74%,总贡献率为14.44%;上位性效应QTL与环境互作的总贡献率为2.94%.说明整精米率性状的遗传受环境因素的影响较大.QTL mapping for head milled ratio(HR) trait of rice in different seasons and years were analyzed by using a mixed model approaches and composite interval mapping methods(CIM) in MJ recombination inbred lines(RIL).Epistatic effects and QTL×enviroment interaction(Q×E) were also investigated.It was shown that two additive QTLs for HR were located in RM154-RM485 and RM248-RM234 intervals on the chromosome 2 and 7,with contribution ratio(H2) respective of 1.92% and 7.85%,and the total H2 of 9.78%.Furthermore,three pairs of epistatic effect areas were detected.The epistatic effect between RM335-RM518 on chromosome 4 and RM340-RM439 on chromosome 6 was 3.66%,and the rest were 0.In Q×E effects analysis,the H2 of two additive QTLs interacting with enviroment were 5.70% and 8.74% respectively,and the total H2 was14.44%.The total H2 of the epistatic QTLs interacting with enviroment was 2.94%.In summary,Q×E effects played a control role in the heredity of HR trait in MJ RILs.国家“863”项目(2002AA211091);; 厦门大学科技创新项目(XDKJCX20051001)资

Genetic Diversity Analysis Based on SSR in Indica Varieties

作者简介: 黄建勋( 1978- ) , 男, 硕士研究生,通讯作者: lrjiang@ 126. com[中文文摘]利用500多对SSR标记对广陆矮4号、珍汕97B、佳辐占、明恢86和明恢63 5个籼稻亲本品种进行遗传多样性分析.结果表明,佳辐占与明恢63、明恢86、珍汕97B和广陆矮4号之间的相似系数分别为78.1%、76.1%、72.8%和71.7%.相对而言,其相似系数越小,遗传距离越大,因此利用佳辐占与这些品种组配较有希望选育出品质优良、综合优势明显的新品系.同时研究表明,标记间平均距离为10 cM或小于10 cM时,分析所得结果较为可靠.[英文文摘]Genetic diversity between rice par ent s is t he key role for rice breeding. Using of hybrid advantage is important to improve the output and quality o f rice. Fully under standing of the g enet ic backg r ound o f r ice par ents has signif icant meaning in g uidance of choosing hy brid rice parent and exploring new genetic resource in rice. In this paper, we detected and analy zed genetic div ersity between Jiafuzhan and other four candidate indica variet ies by using more than 500 pairs of SSR markers. It show s that the similarity coefficient between Jiafuzhan and M inghui63, Minghui86, Zhenshan97B, and Guang luai4 is 78. 1%, 76. 1%, 72. 8% and 71. 7%, respectively. The similarity coefficients between Jiafuzhan and Ming hui series are higher than Jiafuzhan and the rest two candidates. In general, the similarity coeff icient s among these 5 v arieties are relatively low er, and genet ic distances are relatively higher. There is high possibility to cult ivate a new elit e v ariet y with distinct comprehensiv e super iority by hybriding Jiafuzhan with the rest var ieties. At t he same time, we discuss the most appr opriate number o f mar kers in g enetic diver sity analy sis. It show s that the r esult of genet ic diversit y analysis is more reliable when t he SSR interval on t he chromosomes is about 10 cM or fewer.国家“863”项目(2002AA211091)资