The Growth Characteristics of Spartina alterniflora and Relative Competitive Ability with Kandelia Obovata in Mangrove Areas of Zhangjiang Estuary

本研究调查了外来入侵植物互花米草在漳江口红树林自然保护区的分布状况。选择代表性土著红树植物秋茄，测定秋茄和互花米草成熟叶片的光合特性、叶绿素含量、渗透势、质膜透性、自由水与束缚水含量等生理特性，对比分析二者对潮间带生境的适应能力；沿漳江流域从上游到出海口设置4个样地，跟踪测定1个生长季内不同生长阶段互花米草的生长特征，探讨潮间带环境因子和互花米草的个体和群落生长之间的关系。同时，在对应的样地内，通过人工插植秋茄胚轴，定期调查秋茄胚轴的数量和秋茄幼苗的生长，探讨互花米草群落对秋茄幼苗更新生长的影响，研究结果如下： 1.漳江口红树林自然保护区沿江不同盐度梯度下都有互花米草的生长分布，相比红树植物...This study investigated the distribution of the invasive plant Spartina alterniflora along the Zhangjiang River in Fujian. Choosed the representational indigenous mangrove species Kandelia obovata, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll content, osmotic potential, membrane permeability, free water and bound water content and other physiological characteristics of mature leaves of K. obovata a...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_生态学学号：2172006115227

Effects of Spartina alterniflora on Mangrove Kandelia candel Seedlings Regeneration

以裸露的光滩为对照,在福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区互花米草入侵地进行秋茄胚轴插植试验,探究互花米草入侵对秋茄幼苗更新的影响。结果表明:由于互花米草遮荫的影响,秋茄幼苗生长缓慢,茎杆纤细且叶片出现脱落现象,最终由于互花米草的倒伏覆盖使得秋茄幼苗完全失去光照而全部死亡。The study was conducted in Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve.Study sited with Kandelia candel hypocotyls were separately set in the places invaded by Spartina alterniflora with the control of places of bare tidal flat.The growth and survival of K.candel hypocotyls in the scopes of S.alterniflora communities were surveyed to evaluate the effects of the invasion on the regeneration of K.candel seedlings.The results showed that K.candel seedlings poorly grew because of the Spartina alterniflora shading, stalks were slender and leaves abscised,at last,because of the lodging of S.alterniflora,K.candel seedlings losed sunlight and died.国家自然科学基金项目(30600077)资

Yield and Value of Fishery Products of Zhangjiangkou Mangrove Forestry National Nature Reserve

2006年全年对福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区红树林主要分布地竹塔村辖区内的海产品类型、产量和价格进行了逐日统计。结果表明:2006年竹塔村滩涂海产品总产量为529956kg(1589.9kg/HM2),远高于一般的红树林。其中缢蛏苗和缢蛏成品的产量最高,分别为312468kg(937.4kg/HM2)和123376kg(370.1kg/HM2),占总产量的59.0%和23.3%。泥蚶、锯缘青蟹成品和泥螺分别占总产量的12.2%、2.3%和2.0%。缢蛏苗以冬季(1月和12月)的产量最高;锯缘青蟹苗年产量为2.59尾/M2,高峰期出现在6月至11月。2006年竹塔村红树林滩涂海产品总产值为1388.0万元(4.17万元/HM2)。研究结果可为红树林生态系统服务功能的评价和红树林的科学管理提供基础数据。Daily investigation of the yield and value of the main fishery products within a mangrove area of Zhuta village in Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve were surveyed throughout the year of 2006.Results showed that the total yield of fishery products in this area was 529 956 Kg(1589.9kg/hm2) in 2006,much higher than that of the normal mangrove areas.The yields of young and adultSinonovacula constricta were the highest among the fishery products,respectively 312 468 kg(937.4kg/hm2) and 123 376 kg(370.1kg/hm2) ,accounting for 59.0% and 23.3% respectively of the total fishery yields.Tegillarca granosa,adult Scylla serrata and Bullacta exarata were the second important fishery products,accounting for 12.2%,2.3% and 2.0% of the total fishery products respectively.The yield of youngSinonovacula constricta peaked in winter(January and December) and the peak season of young Scylla serrata appeared between June and November.The annual fishery products value was 13.88 million Yuan(41 700 Yuan per hm2) .The results provide a basis for the evaluation of ecological services of mangroves and for its sound management.国家自然科学基金项目(40876046)资

Effects of different salinities on the growth and photosynthesis of Derris trifoliata seedlings

鱼藤(dErrIS TrIfOlIATA)是红树林常见伴生藤本植物。为了解其对潮间带高盐生境的响应和适应,研究了0~40的盐度对鱼藤幼苗生长、光合和叶绿素荧光的影响。结果表明:1)盐度低于20处理,幼苗生长相对较快;2)随盐度升高,根冠比下降、地下部分生物量受到影响大于地上;3)随盐度升高,净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(gS)呈显著下降趋势;胞间CO_2浓度(CI)先降低后升高,盐度为20时达到最小值;Tr和气孔限制值(lS)与CI趋势相反;PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量显著下降,非光化学淬灭系数趋势与之相反。综上表明,盐胁迫对鱼藤幼苗生长、光合和叶绿素荧光均有影响,盐度越高,抑制越明显;低盐(盐度低于20)利于鱼藤幼苗生长。Derris trifoliata is a vine plant that commonly grows in the edges of mangroves in China.In order to understand its response and adaptability to salt stress in inter-tidal habitats, we manipulated 0～40‰salinities on the seedlings of D.trifoliata, and investigated the growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of the seedlings.The results showed that D.trifoliata seedlings grew faster under 20‰salinity.The root-shoot ratio declined with the increase of salinity, indicating salt stress had a greater effect on underground biomass than aboveground biomass.Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased significantly with the increase of salinity.Intercellular CO_2 concentration (Ci) decreased first and then increased, with the minimum value occurring under 20‰salinity; while transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal limitation value (Ls) exhibited a reverse trend.PSⅡactual photochemical quantum yield decreased significantly, while non-photochemical quenching coefficient was opposite.The results suggested that higher salinity inhibited the growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of D.trifoliata seedlings and that lower salinity (≤20‰) was propitious to the growth of D.trifoliata seedlings.国家自然科学基金项目(30600077);福建省自然科学基金(2006J0146