扫描复合微pH电极原位测量局部腐蚀体系pH分布图象

金属点腐蚀是一种典型的局部腐蚀，点腐蚀过程不仅与金属相组分、夹杂及表面状态等有关，而且与许多环境因素密切相关，其中在金属／溶液界面Ｃｌ－浓度和ｐＨ的分布是影响金属点腐蚀发生、发展过程最为重要的微化学环境因素．研究点腐蚀过程中金属／溶液界面微化学环境对于了解点腐蚀机理及过程动力学具有重要的意义．本文首次研制成功复合型ＩｒＯ２／ＰｔｐＨ电极，复合微电极是ＩｒＯ２／ＰｔｐＨ微探针和ＡｇＣｌ／Ａｇ（ＫＣｌ）微参比电极组成．实验表明，复合型ＩｒＯ２／Ｐｔ微ｐＨ电极对ｐＨ值有良好的线性关系，测量灵敏度高，并可补偿局部腐蚀电位差异的影响，能够原位检测靠近金属／溶液界面二维方向微区ｐＨ值的分布图象．结合微区电位分布测试仪测量了不锈钢点蚀过程，金属／溶液界面二维方向微区ｐＨ值及其变化，探索了点腐蚀发展过程机理．扫描复合型ｐＨ微电极可成为原位研究金属局部腐蚀发生、发展过程机理的一种重要方法作者联系地址：物理化学研究所,固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,厦门大学,Ａｌｂｅｒｔａ大学化学和材料工程

Research Progress in Ethane Dehydrogenation to Cogenerate Power and Value-Added Chemicals in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

天然气/页岩气供应大幅增加推动了全球由乙烷制取乙烯等增值化学品的发展,深刻改变着石化产业的格局,乙烷高效清洁地转化为更高价值化学品具有深远意义. 乙烷蒸汽裂解制乙烯是一项比较成熟的工业生产技术,但是这一过程存在耗能高、积碳严重、热力学平衡受限等问题. 电能-增值化学品共生固体氧化物燃料电池由于可以将燃料气自发反应转化为高价值化学品的同时释放电能的特点被广泛研究. 本文总结了采用共生固体氧化物燃料电池将乙烷电化学脱氢共生乙烯增值化学品和电能的最新研究进展,重点介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池在乙烷脱氢中的工作原理和优势以及电解质和电极材料的选择等方向的研究发展,表明通过燃料电池技术低能耗实现乙烷共生乙烯增值化学品与电能具有显著的优越性,在实现高效节能的工业化生产中具有非常巨大的应用潜力.Increasing supplies of methane/shale gas have promoted global development of higher value chemicals such as ethylene production by ethane, which dramatically changes the markets of petrochemical industry. Clean and efficient transformation of ethane into higher value chemicals has far-reaching significance. Ethylene production through ethane steam cracking is a relatively matured technology for industrial production. However, the process consumes large amounts of energy and the presence of carbon deposition becomes a serious problem which is difficult to be solved. The cogenerated energy-chemicals solid oxide fuel cells have been widely studied because fuel gas can be converted into high-value chemicals via spontaneous reaction while releasing electrical energy. This paper summarizes the latest research progress in the electrochemical dehydrogenation of ethylene and electrical energy by using cogeneration solid oxide fuel cells, focusing on the mechanism and advantages of solid oxide fuel cells in ethane dehydrogenation, and the selections of electrolytes and electrode materials. It is demonstrated that the fuel cell technology has apparent advantages of realizing ethane symbiosis in ethylene production and electric energy generation with low energy consumption, and has great application potentials in the industrial production with high efficiency and energy saving.国家自然科学基金项目(NO.21975163)通讯作者:符显珠E-mail:[email protected]:FUXian-zhuE-mail:[email protected]深圳大学材料学院,广东 深圳 518060College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, Chin