中国心理学会会议论文集

目的:对老年抑郁、认知功能及老年抑郁与认知功能的关系进行研究。方法:随机抽取北京市605名60岁及以上老年人,使用《中国老年心理问题评估、预警与干预示范研究调查记录表》中的简明精神状态量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知功能量表(MocA)、老年抑郁量表(GDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、社会支持评定量表、生活事件量表(LES)以及一般资料记录表进行调查。结果:(1)9.3%的老年人存在不同程度的抑郁;&nbsp;</p

CO_2激光与外源NO对低温胁迫小麦的防护效应

以冬小麦&lsquo;小堰22号&rsquo;为试验材料,研究了 CO_2激光与外源一氧化氮(NO)复合作用对低温胁迫(4℃)下小麦幼苗自由基双氧水(H_2O_2)、超氧阴离子(O_2~-)浓度,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性,一氧化氮(NO)及蛋白质含量,及幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明:与单独低温胁迫相比,外源 NO 处理后低温胁迫和 CO_2激光处理后低温胁迫都显著降低了H_2O_2和O_2~-浓度,提高了SOD、CAT、POD、APX、NOS活性, NO和蛋白质含量,促进幼苗生长发育。外源NO处理后再进行CO_2激光辐射,虽然可以降低低温胁迫下幼苗H_2O_2和O_2~-浓度,提高SOD、CAT、POD、APX、NOS活性及NO和蛋白质浓度,促进幼苗生长发育,但其保护效应明显低于外源NO处理后低温胁迫和CO_2激光处理后低温胁迫的效果。上述结果说明, NO对低温胁迫的防护效应优于NO和CO_2激光复合处理。因此,建议在农业生产中单独采用NO处理或者CO_2激光处理,可以促进农作物对低温胁迫的抗性。</p

Adsorption Behavior of a Water-soluble Porphyrin at n-Hexane/Water Interface by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence

[中文文摘］在自行组装的全内反射荧光测定装置上实现了液/液界面全内反射荧光光谱的测绘,比较了水溶性的m eso-四(对磺酸基苯基)卟啉(TPPS)在正己烷/水界面上与在水相中荧光性质的差异,研究了全内反射荧光强度随表面活性剂种类、浓度及溶液pH值的变化情况,探索了TPPS的界面吸附行为,着重考察了阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB对TPPS界面荧光性质的影响。结果表明,在阳离子表面活性剂存在的条件下,未质子化的TPPS能够选择性地吸附在正己烷/水界面上,静电力在TPPS界面吸附过程中应起重要作用。［英文文摘］Liquid/liquid total internal reflection fluorescence(TIRF) spectra measurements were realized on a home-made spectrofluorimeter.A comparison was made for the differences in fluorescence spectra of meso-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl)porphyrin(TPPS) at n-hexane/H_2O interface and in aqueous solution by using TIRF.It was indicated that deprotonated forms of TPPS(TPPS~(4-)) were adsorbed selectively at the n-hexane/H_2O interface in the presence of cationic surfactants.The adsorption behavior of TPPS under different concentrations and kind of surfacants were studied.It showed that electrostatic interaction had important effect on the adsorption of TPPS atliquid/liquid intrface.国家自然科学基金(No.29875023);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(No.B0410002)

儿童期创伤与共情的关系:一项三水平元分析

本研究运用三水平元分析技术系统探讨儿童期创伤与共情的关系及其调节因素。通过文献检索与筛选,获得46项研究和352个效应量,共包含23039名被试。元分析结果发现,儿童期创伤与共情存在显著负相关(r = -0.076)。儿童期创伤类型存在调节作用,躯体忽视(r = -0.095)与情感忽视(r = -0.128)均与共情显著负相关,而躯体虐待(r = 0.005)、情感虐待(r = -0.051)和性虐待(r = -0.058)均与共情相关不显著。共情成分存在调节作用,在认知共情中,儿童期创伤与观点采择(r = -0.127)显著负相关,而与幻想(r = -0.044)相关不显著;在情感共情中,儿童期创伤与共情关注(r = -0.148)显著负相关,而与个人痛苦(r = 0.153)显著正相关。本研究首次系统比较了不同类型儿童期创伤与共情的关系以及儿童期创伤在共情各成分上的效应,并提出了培养共情的建议

Association between childhood maltreatment and empathy: A three-level meta-analytic review

本研究运用三水平元分析技术系统探讨儿童期创伤与共情的关系及其调节因素。通过文献检索与筛选,获得46项研究和352个效应量,共包含23039名被试。元分析结果发现,儿童期创伤与共情存在显著负相关(r = -0.076)。儿童期创伤类型存在调节作用,躯体忽视(r = -0.095)与情感忽视(r = -0.128)均与共情显著负相关,而躯体虐待(r = 0.005)、情感虐待(r = -0.051)和性虐待(r = -0.058)均与共情相关不显著。共情成分存在调节作用,在认知共情中,儿童期创伤与观点采择(r = -0.127)显著负相关,而与幻想(r = -0.044)相关不显著;在情感共情中,儿童期创伤与共情关注(r = -0.148)显著负相关,而与个人痛苦(r = 0.153)显著正相关。本研究首次系统比较了不同类型儿童期创伤与共情的关系以及儿童期创伤在共情各成分上的效应,并提出了培养共情的建议。</p

Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Proteomics

线粒体是细胞能量代谢、生物合成和细胞死亡的调控中心,其功能异常会导致许多疾病的产生。线粒体蛋白质组学研究为解析线粒体的生理功能、探索线粒体相关疾病的发病机制及促进线粒体为靶向的药物研发提供重要理论依据。本文对线粒体蛋白质组学的研究方法,尤其是近年的技术发展以及线粒体蛋白质组学的性质及其应用进行总结,并对其未来的发展前景和挑战进行展望。Mitochondria play a central role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism,bio-synthesis and cell death.Dysfunction of mitochondria can lead to many diseases.Mitochondrial proteomics provides important theoretical foundation for a systematic understanding of the biological functions of mitochondria,studying the mechanisms of mitochondria-related diseases,and promoting the research and development of mitochondria-targeting drugs.The methodologies,recent technology development,and characteristics and applications of mitochondrial proteomics were reviewed and the challenges and prospects were also discussed.国家自然科学基金(Nos.91313302;90913015;21225523)资助项目~

A Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein (PGRP) from Haliotis discus hannai: Possible Roles in Antibacterial Properties

In this study, peptide PGRP (designated HdPGRP) was identified and characterized from the abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analyses strongly suggested that HdPGRP is a new member of the PGRP superfamily and belongs to the short PGRP family, similar to peptides from other marine mollusks. The full length of HdPGRP is 1467 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 354 amino acids (aa) with a signal peptide (1~18 aa), an SH3b domain (93~160 aa), a typical PGRP domain (179~322 aa), and an Ami_2 domain (191~322 aa). In addition, four conserved Zn~(2+)-binding sites (H~(209), Y~(255), H~(318), and C~(330)) and five conserved amide-catalysis sites (H~(209), Y~(255), H~(318), T328, and C~(330)) were found in the HdPGRP sequence. In abalone, hdpgrp exhibited different tissue expression patterns, and was strongly expressed in the hepatopancreas, moderately expressed in hemocytes, mantle, and gills, and slightly expressed in muscle. Vibrio anguillarum is one of the main pathogens of H. discus hannai; after V. anguillarum infection, expression of hdpgrp in hemocytes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching a maximum at 24 h. Subsequently, expression of HdPGRP decreased, and there was no significant difference compared with the control group at 72 h, demonstrating that expression of HdPGRP had returned to normal levels. SDS-PAGE results showed that recombinant HdPGRP (rHdPGRP) has a molecular mass of 30 kDa, which is in line with the value predicted for HdPGRP. PGRPs usually have amidase activity, degrading peptidoglycan by hydrolyzing the amide bond that links peptide units to muramic acid residues of glycan strands. rHdPGRP exhibited Zn~(2+)-dependent amidase activity and catalyzed the degradation of insoluble peptidoglycan. In addition, rHdPGRP exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus in the logarithmic phase in the presence of Zn~(2+), indicating that the antibacterial activity of HdPGRP might be dependent on amidase activity. In summary, HdPGRP plays an important role in PGRP-mediated antibacterial mechanisms, especially for eliminating invading bacteria

Mediating effect of self-control between mindfulness experience and sleep disorder

目的 探讨正念经验与睡眠障碍的作用机制。方法 采用匹兹堡睡眠量表(PSQI)、自我控制问卷(SCS)对860名被试进行线上测量。结果 无正念经验组中睡眠障碍的检出率明显高于有正念经验组。自控力在正念经验与睡眠障碍中起部分中介作用。结论 正念经验与较高睡眠质量相关，正念练习可部分通过提高自控力水平发挥作用。</p