控制大气污染用的蜂窝陶瓷材料

本文介绍了用作大气污染控制和化工反应中蜂窝陶瓷材料的各种具体要求和所取得的显著进展。多孔蜂窝陶瓷的几何表面大、压力降小、扩散距离短、反应器体积小，是优良的催化剂载体，已广泛用于汽车废气排放处理、烟道气去除ＮＯ＿ｘ的催化还原过程和燃气轮机等的催化助热燃烧，以及其他化学反应工程，在这些领域发挥了独特的作用

ThO_2-REO_(1.5)复合氧化物体系的甲烷催化燃烧性能

THO2┐rEO1.5复合氧化物体系的甲烷催化燃烧性能陈笃慧杨乐夫蔡俊修（厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室361005）有效利用现有的能源资源，并对周围环境进行妥善的保护是当前的重大课题，因而发电厂及其他工业过程中的高效、低污染的催化燃烧...福建省自然科学基

The Combustion Property of Rare earth based Fluorite Type Oxide

CE基萤石型材料因低价阳离子ln3＋的掺杂，降低了它的还原温度，增强了氧化还原能力，故可较好地促进甲烷等挥发性有机物的完全燃烧，具有与钙钛矿形型化合物相类似的性能，而其热稳定性更好，因而有望在醇类代用燃料汽车的尾气净化处理中发挥更大作用。Doping with lower valence cations,the reducing temperature of Ce based Fluorite type materials can be lowered,and the reduction oxidation property can be enhanced.This Facilitates the combustion of methane as perovskite compounds do,and the Former has a better thermal stability.This material can play an important role in the treatment of exhaust gas From alcohol Fueled vehicles.福建省自然科学基

Catalytic Supported Thermal Combustion

传统的火焰燃烧法热利用率不高,且伴随着产生相当数量的nOX。催化助热燃烧技术利用催化剂点燃和保持气相反应,确保燃料完全燃烧,提高热效率;又因稳定地调节火焰温度,减少nOX的排放量,减少了空气污染,具有相当实用价值。研究活性组分和优质载体是实现催化燃烧的关键因素。Catalytic combustion has advantage over conventional Flame combustion: emission of NOx can be greatly diminished by lower operating temperature, and higher thermal eFFiciency can be attained by stable and lean Fuel combustion.A great deal of eFForts are Focused on the development of heat resistant materials, which retain a large surFace area at high operating temperature ( > 1200℃) and have enough catalytic activity under working conditions.国家自然科学基

AIR POLLUTION BY SO 2、NO x AND THEIR PURIFICATION

燃烧等带来的SO2、nOX是酸雨的主要来源。当SO2排放量正逐渐得到控制时，nOX却还在增长，因而应推广较成熟的选择催化还原（SCr）除nOX法和加强氧化气氛下烃类化合物还原nOX的研究，也应该寻找比石灰石-石膏法更好的除SO2措施。除SO2，nOX吸收-催化一体化净化方案正取得进展，还副产急需的硫酸，对我国尤为适用。SO 2、NO x produced From combustion are main precursor of acid rain.It is necessary to extend the selective catalytic reduction (SCR)technology For NO x emission control,especially the reduction of NO x by light hydrocarbons under oxidative condition.At the same time,it is also anxious to Find out abetter technology For SO 2 conversion,rather than the well known gypsum route.The DESONOX or SNOX processes which mean the combined removal of SO 2 and NO x From Flue gases are being pushed Forward.The by products of the process(sulFuric acid or element sulFur)are very useFul materials.国家自然科学基

Control of SO 2 and NO X in the Flue Gas From Coal Burners

报导了国外燃煤烟气中SO2和nOX的防治技术。重点介绍了联合处理烟道气中SO2和nOX的一体化工艺。一体化工艺既可同时处理烟道气中SO2和nOX，又可化废为利，副产硫酸或硫磺。The technologies used abroad For control of SO 2 and NO X in the Flue gas From coal burners are presented with the stress on the integrated processes,which can not only simultaneously remove SO 2 and NO X,but also produce sulFuric acid or sulFur.国家自然科学基

Preparation and Properties of the Thermal Stable BaAl 12 O 19 Material

bAAl12O19是一种被用于高温催化燃烧的β-Al2O3型材料.在其制备过程中可采用柠檬酸盐无定形前驱体法.它在130℃的分解反映出硝酸盐与自由羰基的相互作用；360℃的分解对应于柠檬酸盐的氧化；在800℃时，bACO3分解并生成bAAl2O4.bAAl2O4的产生并没有抑制bAAl12O19的形成.形成bAAl12O19的另一条途径是γ-Al2O3同分散相bA2＋之间的反应BaAl 12 O 19 is one of the β Al 2O 3 type materials used in high temperature catalytic combustion. In the preparation, the citric amorphous precursor method was employed.The decomposition at 130 ℃ connected with the reaction between nitrates and Free carbonyl groups,while the decomposition at 360 ℃corresponded to the oxidation of the citrate chains.At 800 ℃ commenced the decomposition of BaCO 3 and the Formation of BaAl 2O 4.The presence of the latter does not inhibit the Formation of BaAl 12 O 19 .Another pathway For the Formation of BaAl 12 O 19 is the reaction between dispersed barium oxide and γ Al 2O 3.国家自然科学基

Cellular Supports For Automobile Exhaust Gas Catalysts System

挤压成型的堇青石质蜂窝反应器是常用的汽车尾气净化装置，它的热稳定性好，耐久性高，而薄壁形的耐久性和催化活性又有所改进。采用适当溶剂、控制多组分醇类金属化合物水解的溶胶-凝胶法是制备优质堇青石和Al＿2O＿3基高温大比表面材料的新技术，在汽车尾气净化器的制作中将发挥独特的作用。金属载体牢固、传热性好。适当选择蜂窝的孔密度或构型，可得到起燃性好的催化转化器，这对克服汽车冷启动或热启动时过多的有害气体的排放有好处。Extruded cordierite monolithic substrates are widely used as automotive catalyticconverters.They have high thermal shock resistanceand durability. The thrust in the ceramics area hascentered on thin-wall structure to meet the higherconversion eFFiciency and durability requirements ofthe converter systems, The Fundamental expansionincompatibility between cordierite ceramic andalumina washcoat must be managed properly. Thecomplexing agentassisted sol-gel method is intendedto regulate the hydrolysis and dehydration- condensation-polymerization of metal ion orcomplexes with polyFunctional organic compounds.Itis used to synthesize cordierite with betterthermostable property. For the metallic substrate,the changes in cell density and the conFigurationgreatly aFFected the light-ofF perFormance,whichwas improved as the thermal inertia was reduced,i.e.as the cell density was lowered.This advantageminimised the time taken For the catalysts to attaintheir working temperature and thereby achievedsigniFicant reductions in toxic emissions.PerFormance advantages of the Horringbone(HB)unlts should allow prominent downsizing to make itscosts very competitive.国家自然科学基

UTILIZATION of C4 FRACTION IN FINE CHEMICALS ( Ⅱ )

C_4馏分经MTbE分解出其中的异丁烯后,余下的正丁烯可进行二聚,再经氢甲酰化转化为壬醇.以作为邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的原料;或者直接水解为仲丁醇,进而脱氢制取优良的溶剂甲乙酮,而异丁烷或由上述MTbE分解出来的异丁烯是合成MMA的理想原料.AFter producing pure isobutene through the MTBE cracking process,it can make octene and isooctene by dimerization of the raFFinate (containing normal butenes and butanes).The hydroformylation of these octenes manuFacturing nonanols makes it possible to produce plasticizers such as dinonylphthalate.The raFFinate can also be hydrated directly to Form sec-butanol which is suitable For the manuFacture of the excellent solvent butanone.The isobutane or the isobutene From MTBE cracking is the appropriate raw material For the synthesis of MMA (methyl methacrylate)

No_x POLLUTION PREVENTION

燃烧等带来的nOX是酸雨的主要来源。高温催化燃烧可抑制nOX的生成；选择催化还原法（SCr）为消除nOX的成熟技术，是处理燃煤电厂烟道气的必要措施；烟道气循环法和低nOX燃烧器法简单实用；在氧气存在下烃类化合物对nOX还原法较符合工业尾气的实际条件，因而是个活跃的研究领域。NOx which comes From the combustioon of Fossil Fuels is the main source of the acid rain.The catalytic stabilized thermal (CSR) combustion can suppress the Formation of NOx;the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is the mature technique For NOx emission control, especially For coal-Fired power plants, while the circulation of Flue gas and the low NOx burner are the simple and eFFicient metho-ds For the same purpose The reduction of NOx.with hydrocarbons in the presence of oxygen can he used practically,since the situation is more similar wlth the really in-dustrial conditions, and becomes an active Field For Further investigation