Heavy Metals Contamination Assessment in Soil and Products of Zoumadai Quanzhou

泉州走马埭农田保护区，是福建省一个重要的粮食蔬菜生产基地。本研究验证了微波消解在重金属分析上的可靠性，通过ICP-MS及AFS测定走马埭地区土壤中重金属（Cr，Ni，Cu，Zn，Cd，Pb，As和Hg）的含量，结合土壤的基础性质与地理环境分析了含量特征与空间分布情况。重金属总体含量水平符合福建闽南地区（厦门-漳州）背景值，主要受到成土母质等地球化学特征的深刻影响。但Cd、Pb与Zn受道路交通以及农业耕作的综合影响，含量较背景值有增加趋势。走马埭主要的农产品大多数符合我国粮食与无公害蔬菜的要求。重金属在土壤-植物体系中的迁移能力：Cd＞Zn＞Cu＞Ni＞Cr＞Hg＞As＞Pb。根系发达的作物，如...Zoumadai dependency farmland in Quanzhou is one of the important rice and vegetable procreative bases. Our study validates the reliability of microwave-digest applied to analysis of heavy metal, by ICP-MS and AFS we determine the content of heavy metal (Cr，Ni，Cu，Zn，Cd，Pb，As and Hg) in the soil around the Zoumadai area and figure out the concentration and distribution characteristics combining with...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋化学学号：20022700

环孢素A微乳巴布膏眼贴的制备及体外透皮实验

背景:免疫性眼病如甲亢性突眼、葡萄膜炎等疾病严重危害患者的眼健康,是眼科的常见病和疑难病,目前最常见的治疗方法为口服激素和免疫抑制剂,疗效不佳、反复发作、预后差同时全身不良反应很大。此类疾病多有淋巴细胞直接或间接参与。尝试把免疫抑制剂制作成巴布膏眼贴,通过局部外用使药物进入体内,利用环孢素A微乳的淋巴靶向性能,使环孢素A作用在睑周淋巴结,从而达到治疗或控制睑周淋巴结参与反应的免疫性眼病。这种方法为局部外用,不用全身用药,针对性强,药物剂量小,如果治疗效果好,可以有效治疗免疫性眼病并规避原有药物全身应用及长期应用的不良反应。目的:制备环孢素A微乳巴布膏眼贴,研究环孢素A微乳巴布膏眼贴体外透皮吸收特性。方法:将环孢素A微乳与聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡络烷酮、明胶、桃胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟丙基纤维素等的水溶性高分子材料混合物以1 mg∶1 mL的比例充分混匀,涂布于无纺布上制备成巴布膏。Franz扩散池法测定该巴布膏在ICR小鼠腹部皮肤的通透性。高效液相色谱分析法检测环孢素A浓度,并进行皮肤刺激性和过敏性实验。结果与结论:实验成功制备了粘性适宜、透气透水性能良好、敷贴舒适、无皮肤刺激性和过敏反应的环孢素A微乳巴布膏,环孢素A含量为10 mg/片,质量浓度为1 g/L。环孢素A微乳透皮的浓度随着时间的增加而增加,具有较好的透皮效果。证实将环孢素A微乳制备成巴布膏眼贴是可行的。其在透皮性能、黏附能力、皮肤舒适方面表现良好。莆田学院校级课题(2014034);;莆田市科技局课题(2014S06(2))~

区域生命之树及其在植物区系研究中的应用

区域生命之树是对一个区域内的所有物种进行生命之树重建,在最近10年已成为生命科学领域的研究热点。生命之树反映了物种间的亲缘关系和进化信息,可以将生物区系形成与发展过程中的进化和生态因素联系起来,是揭示区系来源和演化规律的有效手段。本文从3个方面总结了区域生命之树在植物区系研究中的应用:(1)在时间维度上,通过生命之树类群分化时间和进化速率估算,反映区系演化历史,揭示区系的时间分化格局;(2)在空间维度上,结合系统发育信息与物种分布数据,揭示区系内生物多样性的空间格局,并在此基础上进行区系分区;(3)整合生物地理信息和气候环境数据,分析区系中生物类群对古地理事件以及气候变化的响应机制,以揭示形成现存生物多样性格局的生态、地理和历史因素。此外,我们阐述了区域生命之树与全球生命之树之间的关系;指出由于类群取样不全而造成的时间估算偏差是区域生命之树研究中需要注意的问题;建议对生物多样性热点地区从不同尺度进行大数据的整合分析

Characteristics and function of macroalgae biosorption technology to metal ion

生物吸附技术是环境领域近年来迅速发展起来的处理工业污染废水的新技术 .它以各种生物 (菌类或藻类 )吸附废水中的重金属离子 ,具有吸附容量大、选择性强、效率高、消耗少 ,并能有效地处理含低浓度重金属离子废水等优点 .本文对国内外当前生物吸附金属离子技术的研究与应用进展作了综述 ,包括生物吸附技术的优越性 ,生物吸附剂的分类与来源 ,生物吸附的机理 ,影响生物吸附的因子 ,生物吸附剂的洗脱及固定化等问题 .通过对这些工作的了解 ,使我们对方兴未艾的海藻生物吸附技术理论基础和实际应用研究有更确切的认识 .这些理论基础研究工作为该项技术进一步研究发展打下了实际应用基础 .Biosorption is a new technique which utilizes inexpensive living/dead organisms(fungi or algae) to adsorb heavy metals and is particularly useful for the removal of contaminants from industrial effluents. Compared with conventional methods such as ion exchange and precipitation with lime , the biosorption technique offers the advantages of low operating cost, minimization of the less disposed volume of chemical and biological sludge and high efficiency in detoxifying very dilute effluents. These advantages have served as the incentives for developing full biosorption technique to clean up heavy metal pollution. Biosorption technology is just developing rapidly, and is attractting more and more attention from scientists over the world, and we hope this technology will be extensively applied in our country.厦门市高新技术基金资助项

Effect of Biomass Loading on Absorbent Efficiency of Heavy Metal Ions Biosorption

探讨了金属离子浓度,藻粉用量对2种常见大型海藻马尾藻(Sargassumfusiforme)和海带(Laminariajapon ica)吸附重金属离子(Cu2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Ni2+)的影响.结果表明,100mg/L以内,海带对Pb2+的吸附率保持在99%以上,对Cu2+、Cd2+保持在90%以上;50mg/L以内对Ni2+的吸附保持在90%以上.藻粉对重金属离子的吸附率,随藻粉投入量的增加而增加,而单位重量藻粉的吸附量却随藻类浓度的增加而减少.选择藻粉的投入量在2.5g/L,既能够达到对各种离子良好的吸附.This paper discusses the effects on absorbent efficiency of heavy metals such as Cu~(2+), Pb~(2+), Cd~(2+) and Ni~(2+) by two microalagaes: Sargassum fusiforme and Laminaria japonica, when the concentration of metal ion and algae powder alter. The results showed that absorbent efficiency of Laminaria japonica to Pb~(2+) was more than 99%, as well as Cu~(2+) and Cd~(2+) was more than 99% when the concentration of metal ions were kept below 100 mg/L. For Ni~(2+), as the metal ion concentration was below 50 mg/L, the absorbent efficiency was maintained above 90%. The absorbent efficiency of heavy metal ions by algae powder was promoted when the devoted amount of the algae powder increased. On the other hand, the absorbent efficiency of each unit weight of algae powder decreased when the concentration of algae increased. Therefore, we chose 2.5 g/L as the amount of devoted algae powder, which was able to adsorb ions favorably.厦门科学技术委员会高新技术资

一种异形夹心纤维制品夹心导向拉挤装置

本发明公开了一种异形夹心纤维制品夹心导向拉挤装置，包括拉挤模具和预成型模块，所述拉挤模具包括成型模腔和模芯，所述成型模腔包括进料端和出料端，所述模芯穿过整个成型模腔，所述预成型模块包括：预成型阳模，由所述模芯延长至进料端外部形成；预成型环，安装在所述预成型阳模上且在预成型阳模上可沿进料方向移动；预成型模腔，由所述预成型环的内侧和所述预成型阳模之间的间隙形成；还包括：托持引导模块，将上纤维层、夹心和下纤维层导入所述预成型模腔内；连接定位模块，连接和定位所述托持引导模块和预成型模块；本发明装置可以提高纤维制品表面光洁度，增强层间剪切强度和表面韧性，且适合结构复杂的异形纤维制品的自动连续化生产

Heavy Metal Biosorption Sites Studies of Laminaria japonica

用甲醇、甲醛处理海带藻粉 ,对其吸附重金属时羧基和氨基的作用进行研究 ,经藻粉的红外光谱及吸附实验的分析结果表明 :羧基和氨基均参入了吸附过程 ;化学处理降低了重金属的吸附量The role played by functional groups of Laminaria japonica treated by methanol and formaldehyde in biosorption of the heavy metals was investigated Infrared spectroscopy analysis and biosorption experiments show that carboxyl and amidogen groups join in sorption; chemical treatment decreased the biosorption of the heavy metals厦门市高新技术资助项目 ( 3 5 0 2 Z2 0 0 12 66

The Effects of Envirnomental Factors on Macroalgae Biosorption of Heavey Metals

探讨了环境因子pH、离子强度对两种常见大型海藻马尾藻(Sargassumfusiforme)和海带(Laminariajaponica)吸附重金属离子(Cu2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Ni2+)的影响.结果表明,马尾藻对Cu2+、Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附的最佳pH范围为4～6;对Ni2+的最佳pH范围为5～6;海带对Cu2+、Pb2的吸附的最佳pH范围为4～6;对Cd2+、Ni2+的最佳pH范围为5～6;一定的条件下,藻粉对重金属离子的吸附率随离子强度的升高而降低,这主要是溶液中共存离子参与吸附位点的竞争或负离子的空间阻碍导致的.The effects of pH and ionic strength on biosorption of heavy metal such as Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ were examined by two macroalgaes: Sargassum fusiforme and Laminaria japonica. The results showed that pH could affect the absorbent efficiency obviously. Sargassum fusiforme absorbed Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ best while pH was in the range of 4～6 and Ni2+ in the range of 5～6. Laminaria japonica absorbed Cu2+, Pb2+ best while pH was in the range of 4～6 and Cd2+?Ni2+ in the range of 5～6. Ionic strength also had some effect on biosorption. The absorb efficiency of algae powder decreased when the ionic intensity increased. The coexistent cations attending the competition of absorbent sites or the space cumber of anions were likely the major processes responsible for these observations.厦门市科委高新技术资助项