调动学生学习兴趣提高解剖学教学效果

学习兴趣是指一个人对学习的一种积极的认识倾向与情绪状态,是一种带有趋向性的心理特征[1]。在教学实践中经常可以发现,尽管师资水平、教学方法、设备条件、学生的文化程度诸多因素基本

Studies on the hepatic three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual surgery using the hepatic images of the digitized virtual Chinese human female number 1 database

目的研究数字化虚拟肝脏三维重建及虚拟肝脏手术的切割。方法采用数字化虚拟中国人女性一号(VirtualChineseHumanFemaleNo.1VCHF1)数据集中所有包含肝脏的连续图像,首先对组织切片图像进行配准后从中分割提取出肝实质、肝静脉、胆管、胆囊等组织的图像信息,然后应用可视化工具包(VisualizationToolkit,VTK)三维重建,建立肝脏表面及内部结构的三维形态模型,并开发一个基于PC机和Windows平台的肝脏三维可视化演示系统。结果在肝脏三维可视化演示系统中,肝脏实体立体感强,可以通过设定肝脏及其管道系统的透明度,以及对模型的放大、缩小和上下左右不同方向的旋转,来观察肝脏及管道结构的立体形态。并可以按任意角度对虚拟的肝脏进行切割和观察切割面结构。结论利用VCHF1数据集中肝脏图像,在VTK基础上开发的基于PC机和Windows平台的肝脏三维可视化演示系统基本达到了比较满意的程度,为今后数字化虚拟肝脏及虚拟各种肝脏手术的研究做了积极探索。Objective To study digitized virtual hepatic three-dimesional reconstruction and virtual hepatic surgery. Methods The whole series of hepatic images taken from the database of digitized Virtual Chinese Human Female Number 1 (VCH-F1) was employed to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) liver. First, studied some algorithms for registration of human liver tissue images, and then, segmented the regions of liver, vein, bile duct, and gallbladder from the images. Based on them, the 3D visualization human liver model was reconstructed. Finally, a 3D visualization demo system of liver was developed based on personal computer and Windows operation system. Results This demo system of liver provided a graphics user interface to rotate, scale the 3D liver to observe the 3D hepatic structure, and a virtual liver simulation system of resection with primary function. Conclusions The study may be beneficial to the future research on digitized virtual hepatic and virtual hepatic surgery, and the 3D visualization demo system of liver may be beneficial to the research on the hepatic structure.广东省科技计划项目(2003C34303);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470493

The study of pancreas three-dimensional reconstruction based on the Virtual Chinese Human-Female No 1

目的研究数字化虚拟胰腺及其周围结构图像的三维重建,创建三维可视化胰腺解剖学,为虚拟胰腺手术及临床胰腺外科提供数字化三维解剖学依据。方法采用南方医科大学虚拟中国人女性一号(VCH-F1)腹部胰腺段影像数据集,以现代看图软件(ACDSee)及图像处理软件(Photoshop)对图像进行分割,编程提取、三维重建胰腺并实现胰腺三维可视化。结果一次完成胰腺及与胰腺关系极为紧密的周围结构:十二指肠、胆总管、下腔静脉、门静脉主干及主要属支、腹主动脉、腹腔干动脉及分支、肠系膜上动脉的三维重建,并实现任意视角下的三维可视化,三维胰腺真实、立体感强,能三维可视化,以全新的胰腺三维结构反映复杂多变的胰腺外形及毗邻结构关系。结论基于VCH-F1的胰腺三维重建及三维可视化,以三维可视化的形式真实再现了胰腺及胰腺周围重要结构,是创建全新的三维可视化胰腺解剖学,虚拟胰腺手术及临床胰腺外科提供数字化三维解剖学依据的理想方法。Objective To study the three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction and 3D visualization of the pancreas and create anatomy of the digitalized visual pancreas so as to construct a concrete basis for virtual operation and surgical operation on pancreas.Methods The digital imaging data of pancreas,duodenum,common bile duct,arteries and veins were obtained from the Virtual Chinese Human-Female 1(VCH-F1) and processed using ACDSee and Photoshop so as to reconstruct 3D pancreas digitally and realize 3D visualization of pancreas.Results We successfully 3D reconstructed and visualized the pancreas and the peri-pancreatic structures: the duodenum,the common bile duct,the inferior vena cava,the portal vein vessels,the aorta,the ceoliac trunk vessels.The 3D and visualized pancreas manifested itself with its complete structure as well as its adjacency to other tissues.Conclusions The 3D reconstruction and 3D visualization of the pancreas based on the digital data of VCH-F1 produces a digitally visualized pancreas,which promises us a novel method for virtual operation on pancreas,clinical operation on pancreas and anatomy of 3D visualized pancreas.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470493);; 广东省科技计划资助项目(2003C34303

Digitized virtual liver and hepatic surgery after filling hepatic duct systems

目的:肝脏管道灌注后进行数字化虚拟肝脏及其手术的研究.方法:用四种颜色的灌注材料对肝脏的四种管道分别进行灌注和固定,然后进行包埋、冰冻和铣切,获取连续肝脏断面图像数据集.再将数据集的图像经配准和分割后在VTK的基础上,使用面绘制和体绘制相结合的方法,进行三维重建和虚拟切割实验.结果:获取肝脏连续肝脏断面图像910张,且四种管道颜色不同.三维重建肝脏模型形态逼真,能随意旋转、放大和缩小,通过设定肝脏及其各管道结构的透明度和颜色能单独或组合显示各结构.并且在模型上能行虚拟肝脏切割实验.结论:不同颜色灌注材料对肝脏管道灌注后铣切获取连续断面数据集有益于肝实质及其内部各管道的识别.以此进行三维重建和虚拟手术的研究,有益于肝脏解剖学和肝脏外科的研究.AIM: To study the digitized virtual liver and hepatic surgery after filling hepatic duct systems. METHODS: Four kinds of intrahepatic ducts were perfused with different filling material ex vivo respectively. And then the samples were used to be frozen, embedded and sliced to obtain serial sectional images. The whole series of hepatic images was employed to reconstruct a 3 dimensional (3D) liver. After the image registration of the tissue sections, the image information of liver parenchyma, hepatic veins, bile duct and cholecyst was obtained by image segmentation, followed by the 3D reconstruction using Visualization ToolKit (VTK) to construct a 3D morphological model of the liver surface and intrahepatic structures. The virtual liver could also be resected at any angle to observe the structure of the resection surface. Furthermore, a Windows PC-based 3D visualized demonstration system and Windows operation system of liver were developed. RESULTS: Total 910 consecutive sectional images of liver were taken. Hepatic arteries, inferior cava veins/hepatic veins, portal veins and biliary ducts were shown with red, blue, green, and yellow colors, respectively. This demostration system of liver provided a graphic user interface to rotate and scale the 3D liver to observe 3D morphological features of the liver and its duct systems by setting the pellucidit and color. A virtual liver simulation system for resection with primary function was established. CONCLUSION: The technique of perfusion of hepatic ducts may be beneficial to identification of intrahepatic structure. And research on digitized virtual liver and virtual hepatic surgery may be beneficial to the development of the hepatic anatomy and surgery.国家自然科学基金(30470493);; 广东省科技计划项目(2003C34303