体育舞蹈运动损伤的国内外研究现状及对比分析

本文利用文献资料、对比分析等研究方法,对刊载在我国体育专业类核心期刊及运动医学领域核心期刊上的有关体育舞蹈运动损伤的文献进行综述研究,对选手伤病率、损伤特点、损伤的产生原因、损伤的预防几个方面进行研究现状分析,并进行国际对比。随着体育舞蹈运动水平的日渐提升,对选手的运动能力也有越来越严格的要求,随之而来的就是日益增加的大强度、大负荷的运动训练,由此诱发的运动损伤也会愈加频繁、严重。了解体育舞蹈项目的运动损伤,及如何预防运动损伤势在必行。本文对发表于国内高水平期刊上和学位论文中的体育舞蹈运动损伤文献进行综述,再与国外文献进行对比分析研究,以期促进体育舞蹈运动损伤的研究发展。福建省“十三五”教育科学规划本科高校教改专项(项目编号：JG20170201

Nonlinear Separation Predictive Control Based on Hammerstein Model

采用非线性分离法综合了基于Hammerstein模型的稳定预测控制器.首先用有限时域稳定预测控制方法求解期望中间变量,然后求解非线性代数方程来反算实际控制作用.在求解期望中间变量时考虑输入非线性的不确定性和非线性代数方程的求解误差.在确定有限时域优化问题的终端约束集和终端状态加权矩阵时,采用参数依赖方法并引入参考集以优化终端约束集.通过一个仿真例子验证了该控制算法

Activities of selected enzymes in cell free haemolymph from abalone (Haliotis diversicolor) injected with E. coli or Vibrio parahemolyticus

将杂色鲍(Haliotisdiversicolor)注射感染大肠杆菌(E.coli)和副溶血弧菌(Vibrioparahemolyticus),在感染后第4、8、12、24、48、96、192小时分别采集无细胞血淋巴,测定碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)的活力。结果表明,弧菌组ACP的活力在第24小时比对照组显著增高;弧菌组的ALP与对照组相比,在第8小时显著增高,第48小时极显著升高,第96小时显著下降。弧菌组的SOD活力在24小时与对照组相比显著降低。而大肠杆菌组ALP、ACP和SOD的活力跟对照组相比,各个时相均无显著差异。由此可见,杂色鲍对致病菌和非致病菌可能有着不同的免疫机制。Healthy Haliotis diversicolor were collected, body length (4.50±0.50) cm and bodyweight((7.55)±2.10)g. Cell free haemolymph was extracted at 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th, 48th, 96th and 192th hours after the H. diversicolor was injected with E. coli., V. parahemolyticus, and 0.9% NaCl solution (control group) respectively. The activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphytase and superoxide dismutase were investigated. The results showed that the activities of ACP from abalone injected with V. parahemolyticus were significantly higher than that in control at 24th hour after injection. The activities of ALP from abalone injected with V. parahemolyticus were notable higher than that in control at 8th and 48th hours after injection. The activities of SOD in cell free haemolymph from V. para hemolyticus group were significant lower than that in control at 24 h, while decreased significantly at 96 th hour. There is no statistic difference between E.coli group and control at each sampling time for the three enzymes. These results may indicate that the abalone immune defence shows different responses to pathogenic or nonpathogenic bacteria, although the mechanism by which they might be capable of distinguishing such differences remains unclear.国家"863"高技术研究发展计划项目(2002AA629220

延长光周期对罗汉松和鸡爪槭苗期生长及养分吸收利用的影响

采用盆栽试验,通过每天将光周期延长至约18 h的处理对罗汉松和鸡爪槭容器苗木进行培育,以自然光周期为对照,研究2种苗木在养分吸收和利用方面的响应。结果表明:和自然光周期处理相比,在延长光周期培育下罗汉松和鸡爪槭的苗高增幅分别达到17%(P=0.004 8)和20%(P=0.023 0),但新根数分别下降了31%(P=0.044 2)和21%(P=0.026 5),地径和根长均未出现显著响应;光周期延长也使鸡爪槭苗木的生物量(P=0.005 5)和氮(N)(P=0.018 3)、磷(P)(P=0.012 5)、钾(K)(P=0.001 4)含量均显著增加,却并未引起罗汉松体内P和K含量发生变化;试验结束时,罗汉松体内N、P、K质量分数分别为(1.57±0.14)%、(0.93±0.25)%和(1.21±0.15)%,分别比鸡爪槭高8%(P=0.045 8)、87%(P<0.000 1)和110%(P<0.000 1);延长光周期会同时提高苗木对N的吸收和利用效率,但是不会影响养分淋溶。总体上,虽然延长光周期处理对2种苗木的生长和养分吸收产生了一定的促进作用,但也容易导致苗木出现"头重脚轻"的形态,并且在苗体养分浓度稀释方面存在极大的隐患

中国科学院科学数据网格建设的进展

中国科学院科学数据网格是在中国科学院科学数据库的基础上构建的数据网格群,其目的是整合物理上分布的科学数据资源,形成逻辑统一的数据资源视图,提供透明的数据访问,并基于这些科学数据和网格上的先进的计算与存储设施,提供科学数据分析、处理和可视化,实现便捷的科学数据应用服务,形成中国科学院科学数据应用环境的发展构架。作为中国科学院科学数据网格建设的第一阶段,首先进行了网格总中心和四个学科领域的科学数据网格试点:化学数据网格、空间科学数据网格、微生物与病毒学数据网格和人地系统科学数据网格的建设。本文介绍了本阶段建设的主要进展与成果,并对未来工作进行了展望

Mathematical Expression and Quantitative Analysis of Impedance Spectrum on the Interface of Glassy Carbon Electrode

玻碳电极（GCE）是各类电化学传感器常用的基础电极,其界面特征直接影响检测性能。本文详细考察了电极体系的电化学过程,针对GCE传感界面,探讨了一个等效电路中电解质电阻、电荷输运电阻、扩散阻抗、电化学（氧化/还原）反应阻抗、表面吸附阻抗和双电层电容等电学元件的物理意义,并给出了对应的数学模型。通过改变模型中5个参数值,模拟了不同状态下的阻抗谱,分析了电极系统各参数对GCE阻抗谱的贡献规律。最后,采用该数学模型对裸GCE和修饰GCE在铁氰化钾溶液中的阻抗谱进行分析,拟合结果与实验数据吻合度高;基于拟合获得参数,定量对比分析了修饰前后电极表面的特征变化。Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is a common basic electrode for various electrochemical sensors, and the detection properties are determined by its interfacial characteristics. In this paper, we established an equivalent circuit including electrolyte resistance (Rel), charge transport resistance (Rct), diffusion impedance (Rdi, Cdi), electrochemical (oxidation/reduction) reaction impedance (RR, CR), surface adsorption impedance (Rads , Cads), double-layer capacitance (CDL), and derived the mathematical expression for the equivalent circuit. The Rel and CDL are contributed by inactive ions in electrolyte to produce non-faradaic impedance, while the Rct and RR are contributed by the active ions of redox reaction in electrolyte to produce faradaic impedance. The Rct directly corresponds to the electrode potential (E) of the reaction, which represents the difficulty of electrode reaction. When the potential E is the only state variable in the impedance spectrum of electrode reaction, that is, there is only one time constant in the impedance spectrum, the Rct can represent the whole Faraday impedance of the system. However, when the electrode reaction is also affected by other variables such as diffusion, surface film or surface adsorption ion coverage, the Faraday impedance of the system also includes the impedance produced by the diffusion impedance and the changes of the surface film (RR, CR) and the coverage of the surface absorbed ions caused by electrochemical reaction (Rads, Cads). The impedance spectrum of the electrode system in different states were simulated by changing the five parameters of the mathematical expression. The contribution of different factors to the impedance spectrum of GCE was revealed. Finally, the impedance spectra of bare/modified GCE in potassium ferricyanide solution were analyzed by the mathematical model. The fitting results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the parameters obtained by fitting, the changes of the electrode surface characteristic before and after modifications were quantitatively compared and analyzed. The charge transport resistance increases from 5827.8 Ω to 25104.3 Ω, and the diffusion conductance of Fe3+/Fe2+ ions on the electrode surface also increases by an order of magnitude. However, there is no significant difference with the double-layer capacitance and the frequency dispersion coefficient. The surface of the modified electrode remains electrically neutral. The aggregation state and oxidation-reduction mechanism of Fe3+/Fe2+ on the electrode surface are the same as those on the bare GCE surface.国家自然科学基金重点项目(21431001);广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFBA297001)通讯作者:程蕾E-mail:[email protected]:LeiChengE-mail:[email protected]广西师范大学化学与药学学院,省部共建药用资源化学与药物分子工程国家重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, Chin