基于“三生”适宜性的旅游度假区潜在土地利用冲突识别与治理

社会经济的快速发展与人们旅游需求的转变引导度假区成为旅游产业转型升级的重要场所,而学术界对此过程中出现的土地利用冲突问题却缺少必要的学术跟进。该文基于可持续发展广泛认可的"生态-生产-生活"视角,解析了旅游度假区土地利用生态、生产与生活适宜性的内涵,构建了旅游度假区生态、生产与生活适宜性评价模型及潜在土地利用冲突识别与强度诊断经验模型,并选取武夷山国家旅游度假区进行实证分析。理论上,将潜在土地利用冲突类型区划分为无冲突区、轻度冲突区、中度冲突区、强烈冲突区、剧烈冲突区,并将冲突的控制级别分为稳定可控、基本可控、基本失控和严重失控4个层次。实证表明,武夷山国家旅游度假区生态、生产与生活适宜性用地的空间集聚特征与面积构成差异显著,暗示着区域土地利用存在着竞争与冲突。从潜在冲突识别的结果来看,不同类型冲突区的面积占比依次为17.76%、35.59%、22.37%、23.74%、0.55%。旅游度假区潜在土地利用冲突区的空间分布、表现形式及冲突程度的差异性决定了冲突治理策略也应有所区别,如可以因地制宜地采取空间管制、品质提升、功能显化等策略

Separation and Characterization of Bisphenol-A Epoxy Resin Paint

[中文文摘]介绍了双酚 A型环氧树脂涂料配方的剖析方法。通过 IR及 NMR等方法对纯化的环氧树脂进行了表征并与传统的化学滴定测环氧值方法比较 ,用 NMR法测定双酚 A型环氧树脂数均相对分子质量的方法 ,建立了数均相对分子质量与环氧值之间的关系。[英文文摘]A separation method for bisphenol A epoxy resin paint was reported, and epoxy resin was characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy.In contrast to traditional chemical titration method of measuring epoxy value( E ), the number average relative molecular mass ( n) of bisphenol A epoxy resin was calculated in terms of integral intensity in NMR. The relation of E and n was also given

2,2′-Bipyridine and Malononitrile as Additives for Styrene Living Radical Polymerization

[中文文摘]研究了稳定自由基存在下苯乙烯的活性聚合。发现在 2 ,2′ 联吡啶的存在下 ,苯乙烯聚合的分子量控制效果提高 ,分子量可控 ,分子量分布较窄。在与丙二腈共同作用时 ,可在 4h内达到 85 %的转化率 ,分子量分布在 1 .5以下 ,分子量控制误差在 2 0 %以下。设计分子量在 1 0 ,0 0 0 90 ,0 0 0 ,实测分子量和理论分子量相近.[英文文摘]Living free radical polymerizations of styrene were studied using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator in the presence of TEMPO(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy). The effect of MN/bpy malononitrile/2,2′-bipyridine additives on the control of molecular weight is explored. It was found that styrene polymerization was distinctly accelerated by MN/bpy additives and the theoretic molecular weight tallie well with the experimental molecular weight. Using the additives in a 1∶1.2 molar mixture of BPO and TEMPO with molbpy∶mol TEMPO = 2∶1 , molMN ∶mol TEMPO = 2. 5 at 135 ℃, the conversion of the styrene polymerization reached 85 % , the polydispersitics is below 1.5 and the difference between the theoretic molecular weight and the experimental molecular weight was cont roled below 20 %.固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基金资助项目 (1130

基于空间感知的旅游城市居民游憩忠诚度前因关系研究

公共游憩空间是承载居民日常游憩的主要空间,度量居民对公共游憩空间的忠诚度对改善居民游憩品质具有重要意义。该文以厦门城市居民为实证研究对象,以游憩环境感知与空间感知为潜变量,以游憩满意度为中介变量,通过结构方程模型方法验证、构建旅游城市居民游憩忠诚度前因关系模型。研究结果表明:(1)空间感知对游憩满意度具有正向显著的影响;(2)游憩满意度对游憩忠诚度具有正向显著的影响,且游憩满意度对空间感知和游憩忠诚度的影响关系具有正向显著的中介调节效果;(3)游憩环境感知与游憩忠诚度无显著的直接相关性,但可通过游憩满意度对游憩忠诚度产生间接影响。文章将空间感知引入游憩忠诚度的前因关系模型,在理论上完善了游憩忠诚度形成的动力机制,可作为旅游城市居民政策制定的参考依据。厦门市社会调查项目“厦门市公共游憩空间服务承载力研究”资助~

Study on Phenolic Foam

［中文文摘］针对影响酚醛泡沫性质的众多参数的不确定性 ,给出了可发泡性甲阶酚醛树脂的合成方法及酚醛泡沫塑料发泡典型配方 ;考察了反应温度及水含量对酚醛树脂粘度的影响 ,讨论了表面活性剂、发泡剂、固化剂及发泡温度对泡沫性能的影响。结果表明 :当表面活性剂用量为 4%～ 7% ,发泡剂用量为 4%～ 10 % ,固化剂用量为 8%～ 12 % ,发泡温度在 70～ 80℃范围时 ,可制得较好的酚醛泡沫塑料。［英文文摘］This study presented the experimental results on the preparation and characteristics of resol and phenolic foam because of a very wide range of process variables with little indication of preferred or desired process parameters. The effects of reaction time and water concentration on the resin viscosity were studied. The effects of surfactant, blowing agent, acid catalyst and foaming temperature on the density of phenolic foam were also investigated. When the surfactant content was 4%～7%, blowing agent content 4 %～10 % , acid catalyst content 8 %～12 % , and at foaming temperature 70 ℃ ～ 80 ℃, phenolic foams with good properties could be prepared.固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基金 (1130

THE RESEARCH OF 2,2′-BIPYRIDINE AND MALONONITRILE AS ADDITIVES FOR STYRENE LIVING RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

［中文文摘］研究了稳定自由基存在下苯乙烯的活性聚合 .发现在 2 ,2′ 联吡啶的存在下 ,苯乙烯聚合的分子量控制效果提高 ,分子量可控 ,分子量分布较窄 .在与丙二腈共同作用时 ,可在 4h内达到 85 %的转化率 ,分子量分布在 1 5以下 ,分子量控制误差在 2 0 %以下 .设计分子量在 1× 10 4 ～ 9× 10 4 的范围内 ,实测分子量和理论分子量相近 .［英文文摘］The living free radical polymerization of styrene was studied with benzoyl peroxide as the initiator in the presence of TEMPO (2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidinyl 1 oxy).It was found that styrene polymerization was distinctly accelerated by means of using malononitrile (MN) as additive.The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of MN/bpy on the control of molecular weight.These mixture additives were able to control the polymerization of styrene to high conversion (85%) in 4 hours, and samples of molecular weight from 1 ×104 to 9 ×104 and with polydispersities of 1. 15 to 1. 4 were readily obtained. In comparison with the polymerization without any additives , these systems represented a dramatic improvement in the ability to control the molecular weight . The molecular weight of the polymer gradually increased with time , while the narrow molecular weight distribution remained unchanged. The molecular weight evolved in a nearly linear fashion with increasing conversion.Using a 1∶112 molar mixture of BPO and TEMPO with [ Bpy ]P[ TEMPO ] = 2P1 , [MN ]P[ TEMPO ] = 215 , the conversion of the polymerization at 135 ℃reached 85% in 4 hours , and the polydispersity was below 115 , and the difference between the theoretical molecular weight and the experimental molecular weight was controlled below 20%.固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基金 (NO:1130

Some New Rate-accelerating Additives for Nitroxide-mediated Living Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene

[中文文摘]研究了稳定自由基存在下苯乙烯的活性聚合 .发现在β-酮酸酯 [乙酰乙酸乙酯 ( AAE) ,乙二酸二乙酯( DEM) ],1 ,3-二酮 [乙酰丙酮 ( AAT) ]及强酸酐 [三氟乙酸酐 ( TFA) ]的少量存在下 ,苯乙烯聚合速率显著增加 ,分子量可控 ,分子量分布较窄 .而有机强酸 [氯乙酸 ( CAA) ,溴乙酸 ( BAA) ,2 ,4 ,6-三硝基苯酚 ( TNP) ]并不提高聚合速率。[英文文摘]Living free radical polymerizations of styrene were studied with the initiator of benzoyl peroxide in the presence of TEMPO(2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidinyl 1 oxy). The purpose of this paper is to explore the polymerization rate enhancement by means of using additives. It was found that styrene polymerization was distinctly accelerated by the addition of small amounts of a 1,3 diketone(acetylacetone, AAT) , a β keto ester(acetoacetic ester, AAE) or diethyl malonate(DEM) and a strong organic anhydride ( tri2 fluoroacetic acid anhydride, TFA ). How ever, some of strong organic acid, chloroacetic acid (CAA ) , bromoacetic acid (BAA ) and 2, 4, 62trinitrophenol (TN P) did not enhance the rate of the stable free radical mediated polymerization.固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基金(批准号:1130

STUDIED ON LIVING POLYMERIZATION OF STYRENE IN THE PRESENCE OF AIBN/NaNO_2/FeSO_4·7H_2O

［中文文摘］研究了AIBN/NaNO2/FeSO4.7H2O存在下苯乙烯本体聚合行为,发现100℃以上时具有活性聚合特征,AIBN/NaNO2/FeSO4.7H2O配比为1/3/3时分子量多分散性指数控制较好,聚合物分子量多分散性指数在1.1～1.8之间,聚合过程转化率和分子量随时间的增加而增大。［英文文摘］Polymerization of styrene was studied in the presence of AIBN/NaNO_2/FeSO_4·7H_2O in this paper. It is found that polymertzation of styrene is living when temperature is higher than 100 ℃, and when the molar ratio of AIBN/NaNO_2/FeSO_4·7H_2O is 1/3/3, the molecular weight polydispersities are narrower, which is between (1.1) and (1.8). With the increasing of time, the conversion of monomer and the molecular weight of polymer also increase

Identification of a novel G-protein Gαq gene in shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

为了寻找并克隆凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)G蛋白α亚基,为研究对虾的生理调控提供理论基础,通过简并PCR和RACE反应获得目的基因的全长cDNA序列;用Blast,DNAstar和Genedoc软件对所得序列进行分析,确定所得序列为凡纳滨对虾G蛋白Gαq基因,命名为pvGqα。将该基因的编码序列克隆到表达载体,通过免疫共沉淀实验和胞内Ca2+,IP3浓度的测定鉴定该Gαq亚基的功能,发现该亚基的序列和功能与其他Gαq家族成员具有高度保守性。用Western blotting分析发现pvGαq在对虾身体各部位存在普遍分布,尤其在脑神经、眼柄、腮和颚片中有大量表达,在嗅觉器官触角也有适量分布。说明了pvGαq在对虾生命活动中的重要性,为研究对虾的生理调控奠定了理论基础。国家863计划资助项目(2002AA629060

Study on Reducing the Contents of Free Phenol and Formaldehyde in Phenolic Foam

［中文文摘］针对如何降低酚醛泡沫中的残余单体(游离酚、游离醛)进行了研究.考察了不同酚醛比,反应温度,碱催化剂用量对残余单体的影响;添加尿素作为甲醛捕集剂对降低游离甲醛效果明显;采用醛酚比为 2.2,反应温度为 92℃,添加少量尿素(3 g尿素/100 g苯酚),制备出游离酚为 0.09%,游离醛小于 0.1%的酚醛泡沫,且其物理化学性能与通常条件下制备的酚醛泡沫无明显差异.［英文文摘］Phenolic foam is made by heating a mixture of a resol,a liquid blowing agent,a surfactant,and an acid catalyst,which initiates a condensation reaction.Compared with rigid plastic insulation materials such as polystyrene,polyurethane,and polyethylene, phenolic foam has low smoke and flammability properties,which make it an excellent candidate for use in buildings ,ships,and aircraft with promising developments in materials and new processing techniques.However,phenolic foam contains overly high contents of f ree phenol and free formaldehyde. We carried out a series of experiment s on different conditions. Free phenol was characterized by iodimet ry ,and free formaldehyde by hydroxylamine hydrochloride method. The effect of phenol/ formaldehyde molar ratios and reaction temperature on the content s of remnant monomers was discussed. The effect of adding urea on the content s of free form aldehyde was investigated. The effect of dosage of catalyzer was discussed. Under the condition at 92 ℃, CF / CP mole ratios of 2. 2 with a little urea (3 g urea/ 100 g phenol) ,phenolic foam in which the content s of f ree phenol was 0. 09 % ,and free formaldehyde was less than 0.1 % and cont rast with phenolic foam that prepare under normal condition , the performance of physics and chemistry doesn’t obvious difference have been successfully prepared